Stimulation des voies JNK et P38MAPK par les peptides gastriniques (mécanismes d'activation et rôle dans la prolifération cellulaire)

TOULOUSE3-BU Sciences (315552104) / SudocPARIS-BIUP (751062107) / SudocSudocFranceF

Utilisation de modèles non linéaires à effets mixtes pour l'étude des variations nycthémérales de pression artérielle chez l'hypertendu essentiel traité et non traité

POITIERS-BU Médecine pharmacie (861942103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Capital social et développement du tourisme dans les espaces ruraux

International audienceIn rural areas, tourism development dynamics are explained by classic locations factors such as amenity endowment or accessibility, but also by sociological features and stakeholder organization capacity. This chapter presents an analysis of the latter using social capital theory. The chapter has four separate sections. The first part presents an analytical framework. It starts with a summary of the reference work conducted on social capital, and of the work dealing with this concept while introducing a territorial aspect. It then goes on to propose transposing this analytical framework to tourism. The rest of the chapter illustrates the influence of individual social capital on tourism development and, in particular, on tourism entrepreneurship via an empirical analysis. The data and methods are presented in the second part of the chapter. The third section presents and discusses the empirical results. Lastly, the conclusion underscores both the benefits of this research and its limitations, before rounding off by opening up new avenues for research.Au sein des espaces ruraux, le développement du tourisme peut s'expliquer par des facteurs de localisation classiques, tels que les dotations en aménité ou l'accessibilité, mais aussi par des caractéristiques sociologiques et la capacité d'organisation des acteurs locaux. Ce chapitre aborde l'influence de ces dernières en mobilisant les théories du capital social. Le chapitre comporte quatre sections distinctes. La première section est consacrée à la présentation d'une grille d'analyse. Dans un premier temps, elle propose une synthèse des travaux de référence sur le capital social et de ceux qui abordent cette notion avec une entrée territoriale. Dans un second temps, elle propose une transposition de ce cadre d'analyse au cas du tourisme. La suite du chapitre illustre, à travers une analyse empirique, l'influence du capital social individuel sur le développement du tourisme et plus particulièrement sur l'entrepreneuriat touristique. Les données et les méthodes sont présentées dans la deuxième section du chapitre. La troisième section présente les résultats empiriques et les discute. Enfin, la conclusion souligne les apports d'une telle étude mais aussi ses limites et ouvre de nouvelles perspectives de recherche

Robot diagnosis test for egocentric and allocentric hemineglect

Objective: Patients with hemineglect fail to respond to egocentric stimuli or allocentric parts of stimuli contralateral to the brain lesion. The clinical diagnosis of hemineglect mainly involves evaluation of the egocentric form, while less sensitive standardized tests exist for other forms. Our global aim is to develop an innovative integrative robot measure, the MonAmour test, combining the assessment of egocentric, allocentric and motor hemineglect. Here, we present the egocentric and allocentric evaluations. Methods: Thirty-five first stroke patients (25 hemineglect) and 56 age-matched healthy controls were assessed on the index test (MonAmour) and on three reference standard tests (Bells test, Apples test and Neglect subtest of the Test for Attentional Performance). Based on controls' performance, normative data were created. Validity was evaluated between the MonAmour and the reference standard tests through correlations and test sensitivity/specificity. Reliability of the MonAmour was measured with test-retest and minimal detectable change. Results: Results demonstrated moderate to strong correlations between the MonAmour and the reference standard tests (r = .40-.88, p < .001 - p = .016). The sensitivity was high (50%-96%), with accurate diagnosis of patients with hemineglect, and reliability was excellent (Intraclass Correlation Coefficient = .79-.95, p < .001). Conclusions: The MonAmour robot test is a valid, sensitive and reliable tool that can diagnose egocentric and allocentric hemineglect. Future studies will deepen the assessment and understanding of the different forms of hemineglect by testing the motor component of the test in order to use this accurate and integrative measure in daily clinical routine

INNOVATIONS EN MÉDECINE PHYSIQUE ET RÉADAPTATION QUE RETENIR DE 2016 ?

Suite à une lésion cérébrale, les troubles moteurs et cognitifs sont fréquents et leur rééducation constitue un défi de longue haleine pour les patients et les thérapeutes. Ces dernières années, la robotique et les jeux sérieux se sont fortement développés dans ce domaine afin d’augmenter la récupération fonctionnelle des patients. La robotique permet d’intensifier la thérapie, d’assister le mouvement du patient et de lui fournir un feedback. Quant aux jeux sérieux, ils rendent la rééducation ludique et motivante et le niveau de difficulté du jeu s’adapte continuellement aux performances du patient. Ces deux technologies complémentaires sont donc prometteuses dans la rééducation des patients cérébro-lésés

L’apport de nouvelles technologies dans la rééducation motrice et cognitive des patients cérébro-lésés

Suite à une lésion cérébrale, les troubles moteurs et cognitifs sont fréquents et leur rééducation constitue un réel défi pour les patients et les thérapeutes. Ces dernières années, la robotique et les jeux sérieux se sont fortement développés dans ce domaine afin d’augmenter la récupération fonctionnelle des patients. La robotique permet d’intensifier la thérapie, d’assister le mouvement du patient et de lui fournir un feedback. Quant aux jeux sérieux, ils rendent la rééducation ludique et motivante et le niveau de difficulté du jeu s’adapte continuellement aux performances du patient. Ces deux technologies complémentaires sont donc prometteuses dans la rééducation de patients cérébro-lésés

Assessment of upper limb stiffness using REA plan in stroke patients

"Objective: To quantify the stiffness of the flexor muscles of the elbow in spastic patients using REA plan, a robotic device used in rehabilitation that can mobilize the patient's upper limb in a horizontal plane...

How Do Membrane Transporters Sense pH? The Case of the Mitochondrial ADP–ATP Carrier

International audienc

Development of a robotic upper limb assessment to configure a serious game

BACKGROUND: ROBiGAME project aims to implement serious games on robots to rehabilitate upper limb (UL) in stroke patients. The serious game characteristics (target position, level of assistance/resistance, level of force) are adapted based on the patient’s assessment before and continuously during the game (measuring UL working area, kinematics and muscle strength). OBJECTIVE: To develop an UL robotic motor assessment protocol to configure the serious game. METHODS: 32 healthy subjects and 20 stroke patients participated in the study. Subjects were clinically assessed (UL length and isometric force) and using a robot. The robot assessment consisted of the patient’s UL working area (WA), the UL isometric and isokinetic force in three directions and the UL kinematics during a pointing task toward targets placed at different distances. RESULTS: The WA and the UL isometric force were moderately to highly correlated with clinical measures (respectively ρ = 0.52; p = 0.003, ρ = 0.68–0.73; p < 0.001). Ratios between the UL isokinetic force generated on three directions were established. The velocity and straightness indexes of all subjects increased when subjects had to reach to targets placed more distantly (r = 0.82–0.90; ρ = 0.86–0.90 respectively; p < 0.001). AUTHOR COPY CONCLUSIONS: This protocol can be integrated into a serious game in order to continuously configure the game charac- teristic

Upper limb stiffness assessment using REAplan in stroke patients

1. OBJECTIVE: To quantify upper limb stiffness in spastic patients using REAplan, a robotic device used in rehabilitation that can mobilize the patient's upper limb in a horizontal plane. 2. PATIENTS: Twelve chronic stroke patients with hemiplegia were recruited. Elbow flexor muscles spasticity was assessed with Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS), with a score greater than 1. 3. METHODS: Patients received an anaesthetic block of the musculo-cutaneous nerve, to reduce elbow flexor muscles spasticity. Each patient was assessed before and after the injection of the anaesthetic block and also the next day. Each time, stiffness was measured with the REAplan. The robot passively mobilized the patient’s upper limb at various speeds (10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 cm/s) in a back-and-forth trajectory (30 cm). For each speed condition, ten movements were performed. We recorded the force required to passively mobilize the patient’s upper limb. For the ten extension movements, stiffness were analyzed and averaged. 4. RESULTS: The results showed that the stiffness increased proportionally with the speed condition (p0,6). 5. CONCLUSION: This study develops and validates a protocol to quantify the upper limb stiffness, using the robot REAplan. This protocol, must be compared to other quantitative measures of spasticity in the future, and could be used to assess the effect of spasticity treatments (e.g. botulinum toxin)