35 research outputs found
Implicit Prejudice in Eight-Graders
This study examines the automatic activation of negative prejudices
towards Turks using a masked affective priming paradigm in a sample of
German adolescents (aged 13 to 15). Pictures of Turks and Germans were
used as masked primes; positive and negative adjectives conveying either
other-relevant valence (e.g., honest, evil) or possessor-relevant valence (e.g.,
talented, dull) were used as targets. Results revealed that both explicit
prejudices towards Turks living in Germany as well as prejudiced behaviour
in a virtual ball-tossing game are meaningfully related to automatic
prejudice activation. As expected, these correlations were found only for
priming indices based on other-relevant targets, thereby emphasising the
differentiation of implicit prejudice into (imputed) hostility and
depreciation
Group evaluations as self-group distancing:Ingroup typicality moderates evaluative intergroup bias in stigmatized groups
Outgroup favoritism among members of stigmatized groups can be seen as a form of self-group distancing. We examined how intergroup evaluations in stigmatized groups vary as a function of ingroup typicality. In Studies 1 and 2, Black participants (N = 125,915;N = 766) more strongly preferred light-skinned or White relative to dark-skinned or Black individuals the lighter their own skin tone. In Study 3, overweight participants (N = 147,540) more strongly preferred normal-weight relative to overweight individuals the lower their own body weight. In Study 4, participants with disabilities (N = 35,058) more strongly preferred non-disabled relative to disabled individuals the less visible they judged their own disability. Relationships between ingroup typicality and intergroup evaluations were at least partially mediated by ingroup identification (Studies 2 and 3). A meta-analysis across studies yielded an average effect size ofr= .12. Furthermore, higher ingroup typicality was related to both ingroup and outgroup evaluations. We discuss ingroup typicality as an individual constraint to self-group distancing among stigmatized group members and its relation to intergroup evaluations
CMS Invited Talk - "I'm the least sexist person..." - Why It is misleading and dangerous to believe that you are free of prejudice
In this talk, I will give a short introduction into social-cognitive research that investigates the underlying psychological processes of stereotyping, prejudiced evaluation and discriminatory behavior. Specifically, I will focus on automatic and impulsive responses that cause biases in social perception and judgement and explain how they impact our behavior.
This event is open to the entire CERN community.</p
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AGE INVARIANCE IN IMPLICIT BIAS: ALTERNATIVE PERSPECTIVES AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF IMPLICIT COGNITION
Current theories of social cognition assume that implicit bias is influenced by early socialization experiences. To the extent that implicit biases reflect traces of past experiences, they should form slowly over time and grow with repeated experience. However, most research examining implicit bias in children indicates that levels of bias do not vary across age groups (i.e., age invariance). This article reviews the dominant theoretical interpretation of age invariance in implicit bias and considers alternative interpretations for these findings in light of several methodological and theoretical limitations. Specifically, the available evidence cannot distinguish between the effects of cohort versus development, category versus exemplar, attitude activation versus application, ingroup versus outgroup evaluation, or attitude-versus control-oriented processes. When considered from a developmental perspective, these issues suggest plausible alternative interpretations of age invariance, with important implications for understanding the mechanisms underlying the formation of implicit cognition and theories of implicit cognition
Recommended from our members
Age Invariance in Implicit Bias: Alternative Perspectives and Their Implications for the Development of Implicit Cognition
Current theories of social cognition assume that implicit bias is influenced by early socialization experiences. To the extent that implicit biases reflect traces of past experiences, they should form slowly over time and grow with repeated experience. However, most research examining implicit bias in children indicates that levels of bias do not vary across age groups (i.e., age invariance). This article reviews the dominant theoretical interpretation of age invariance in implicit bias and considers alternative interpretations for these findings in light of several methodological and theoretical limitations. Specifically, the available evidence cannot distinguish between the effects of cohort versus development, category versus exemplar, attitude activation versus application, ingroup versus outgroup evaluation, or attitude-versus control-oriented processes. When considered from a developmental perspective, these issues suggest plausible alternative interpretations of age invariance, with important implications for understanding the mechanisms underlying the formation of implicit cognition and theories of implicit cognition
Spontaneous State Inferences
Pre-registrations, Data, and Materials for Kruse & Degner (2021). Spontaneous State Inferences
Recognizing Emily and Latisha: Inconsistent Effects of Name Stereotypicality on the Other-Race Effect
A person’s name may activate social category information, which has been shown to lead to stereotyping and discrimination in various contexts. However, no previous research has investigated the influence of names on more basic processes of person perception. We present a set of seven experimental studies examining the influence of names on face recognition, namely, on the other-race effect (i.e., the relative difficulty to recognize outgroup faces). White-American participants completed online recognition tasks with White ingroup faces and Black or Chinese outgroup faces. Outgroup faces were presented with typical outgroup names versus typical White names; White faces were presented with typical White names versus infrequent names. We expected better recognition of outgroup faces with typical White names compared to outgroup faces with typical outgroup names. Employing an internal meta-analysis, we observe overall evidence of a small but significant effect (dz = 0.11). However, the pattern of results across the seven studies is inconsistent. Given that particularly the high-powered pre-registered studies did not show an effect, we suggest that the effect should be interpreted with caution. We discuss that a small effect may still have important implications for real life as well as for theories of the ORE, emphasizing the importance of future research regarding the influence of name typicality on inter-group face perception