Structure and Properties of the Bulk Standard Samples and Cellular Energy Absorbers

The development of additive technology revealed a real prospect of their use for the manufacture of complex shapes. Now, it is possible to produce parts that previously were either very difficult to produce using the subtracting technology and joining technology, or it was not at all feasible. In the manufacture of parts of complex shape, it is necessary to use a supporting structure, which is necessary to place such a way that they can be easily removed. Additionally, they must necessarily be absent in certain places. In this regard, the preparation model can take significant time to satisfy all of these, often conflicting, requirements. In this paper, we show optimization examples of the model preparation with support structures for parts manufactured at the facility EOSINT M270 and used in medicine and engineering. Additional emphasis is on the fact that, during the manufacture of parts, solidification’s modes of massive parts differ from those of the thin-walled portions of parts. The results of the complex studies on the different stainless steels (including martensitic) are described with an emphasis on their structure and mechanical properties. The results of a honeycomb energy absorbers, which are quite seldom produced by the additive technologies, are presented in this chapter

Deoxygenation affects composition of membrane-bound proteins in human erythrocytes

Background/Aims: ATP release from erythrocyte plays a key role in hypoxia-induced elevation of blood flow in systematic circulation. We have previously shown that hemolysis contributes to erythrocyte ATP release triggered by several stimuli, including hypoxia, but the molecular mechanisms of hypoxia-increased membrane fragility remain unknown. Methods: In this study, we compared the action of hypoxia on hemolysis, ATP release and the composition of membrane-bound proteins in human erythrocytes. Results: Twenty minutes incubation of human erythrocytes in the oxygen-free environment increased the content of extracellular hemoglobin by ∼1.5 fold. Paired measurements of hemoglobin and ATP content in the same samples, showed a positive correlation between hemolysis and ATP release. Comparative analysis of SDS-PAGE electrophoresis of erythrocyte ghosts obtained under control and deoxygenated conditions revealed a ∼2-fold elevation of the content of membrane-bound protein with Mr of ∼60 kDa. Conclusion: Deoxygenation of human erythrocytes affects composition of membrane-bound proteins. Additional experiments should be performed to identify the molecular origin of 60 kDa protein and its role in the attenuation of erythrocyte integrity and ATP release in hypoxic conditions

Study of characteristics of steel specimens after selective laser melting of powder materials MS1

At present, there is a great interest in the technologies of laser melting of metallic powders for the any shape items production. Over the past decade, the process of selective laser melting (SLM) of various powders based on alloys and steels was mastered. However, not so long ago, many studies were aimed at SLM stainless steels, including MS1 steel. The effect of laser radiation power, scanning speed, pitch, building direction on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the final product is studied. The influence of the parameters of the initial material, such as the chemical composition, the shape and size of the particles, and their distribution is indicated. Since the SLM process is sensitive to building parameters it is necessary to obtain more information about the mechanical and structural properties of standard samples in order to better understand the capabilities of this technology

Study of characteristics of steel specimens after selective laser melting of powder materials MS1

At present, there is a great interest in the technologies of laser melting of metallic powders for the any shape items production. Over the past decade, the process of selective laser melting (SLM) of various powders based on alloys and steels was mastered. However, not so long ago, many studies were aimed at SLM stainless steels, including MS1 steel. The effect of laser radiation power, scanning speed, pitch, building direction on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the final product is studied. The influence of the parameters of the initial material, such as the chemical composition, the shape and size of the particles, and their distribution is indicated. Since the SLM process is sensitive to building parameters it is necessary to obtain more information about the mechanical and structural properties of standard samples in order to better understand the capabilities of this technology

Manufacturing of thin-walled parts for machinery by selective laser melting

The paper describes the technology of selective laser melting, as well as its capabilities in the manufacture of thin-wall honeycomb energy absorber (HEA). The effect of the technological parameters of the building process on the HEA walls’ thickness is studied. Conformity analysis of the mass-dimensional characteristics of the finished composition with the predefined parameters of the 3D-CAD model is carried out. Dependencies of building parameterson the quality of the manufactured HEA are established, general recommendations for the practical use of technology in the creation of HEAare given

Manufacturing of thin-walled parts for machinery by selective laser melting

The paper describes the technology of selective laser melting, as well as its capabilities in the manufacture of thin-wall honeycomb energy absorber (HEA). The effect of the technological parameters of the building process on the HEA walls’ thickness is studied. Conformity analysis of the mass-dimensional characteristics of the finished composition with the predefined parameters of the 3D-CAD model is carried out. Dependencies of building parameterson the quality of the manufactured HEA are established, general recommendations for the practical use of technology in the creation of HEAare given

Deoxygenation affects composition of membrane-bound proteins in human erythrocytes

Background/Aims: ATP release from erythrocyte plays a key role in hypoxia-induced elevation of blood flow in systematic circulation. We have previously shown that hemolysis contributes to erythrocyte ATP release triggered by several stimuli, including hypoxia, but the molecular mechanisms of hypoxia-increased membrane fragility remain unknown. Methods: In this study, we compared the action of hypoxia on hemolysis, ATP release and the composition of membrane-bound proteins in human erythrocytes. Results: Twenty minutes incubation of human erythrocytes in the oxygen-free environment increased the content of extracellular hemoglobin by ∼1.5 fold. Paired measurements of hemoglobin and ATP content in the same samples, showed a positive correlation between hemolysis and ATP release. Comparative analysis of SDS-PAGE electrophoresis of erythrocyte ghosts obtained under control and deoxygenated conditions revealed a ∼2-fold elevation of the content of membrane-bound protein with Mr of ∼60 kDa. Conclusion: Deoxygenation of human erythrocytes affects composition of membrane-bound proteins. Additional experiments should be performed to identify the molecular origin of 60 kDa protein and its role in the attenuation of erythrocyte integrity and ATP release in hypoxic conditions