Representation of the space in the early XX century poetic discourse

Analysis of the representatives of outer space in the poetic texts of the authors representing different literary directions (K. Balmont - impressionism, V. Bryusov, M. Voloshin - symbolism, N. Gumilev -acmeism) allowed to present a holistic impression of the image of outer space in the poetry of a certain period of time. The Space in the poetic discourse of the early XX century is synthetic, it is created by a comprehensive perception of reality in which the second plan is forming on the basis of perceptual data (especially on the visual impressions) reinterpreted in the literary textsyesBelgorod State Universit

Oral rehydration solutions in watery diarrhea in children: what’s new?

Acute infectious diarrhoea is still a topical problem in pediatrics today. Approximately 95% of children under five years of age suffer from acute intestinal infection at least once or several times. Viral infections are the most common cause of acute gastroenteritis with dehydration. A thorough understanding of the mechanisms of dehydration, electrolyte metabolism disorders, and mucosal protection of the intestine has allowed to create modern oral rehydration solutions with a combined mechanism of action. Currently, oral rehydration solutions ORS with reduced osmolarity are recommended due to the latest recommendations of the European Society of Pediatric Gastroenterologists, Hepatologists and Nutriciologists, containing probiotics with targeted anti-inflammatory action. Lactobacilli are the most studied microorganisms and are used either as drugs or as components of functional nutrition. One of the strains of L. reuteri in the metabolic process produces bacteriocin reuterin, which has a powerful anti-inflammatory potential. It is known that the L. reuteri, in addition to standard rehydration therapy, has had an effect on reducing the frequency and severity of diarrhea (by 74% compared to placebo). In subsequent studies, the DSM 17938 strain of L. reuteri was used simultaneously with rehydration solution and zinc, showing a significant reduction in the volume and frequency of watery diarrhoea. The possibility of using a combined preparation containing oral rehydration salts, zinc and probiotic L. reuteri DSM 17938 (Protectis) allows for a more effective elimination of dehydration in young children

Representation of the space in the early XX century poetic discourse

yesAnalysis of the representatives of outer space in the poetic texts of the authors representing different literary directions (K. Balmont - impressionism, V. Bryusov, M. Voloshin - symbolism, N. Gumilev -acmeism) allowed to present a holistic impression of the image of outer space in the poetry of a certain period of time. The Space in the poetic discourse of the early XX century is synthetic, it is created by a comprehensive perception of reality in which the second plan is forming on the basis of perceptual data (especially on the visual impressions) reinterpreted in the literary textsBelgorod State Universit

Probiotics in the management of respiratory diseases: ways of interaction and therapeutic perspectives

Today, the composition of the gut microbiota has been studied in sufficient detail. Increasing number of studies show that the respiratory tract, both the upper and lower respiratory tract, have their own microbiota. The article presents the main today’s data about the species diversity of microorganisms in the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts, describes the role of a healthy microbiota in providing local and general immunity. The authors specify the role of probiotic strains of microorganisms and their effect on various parts of the immune response and present the data of studies on the effect of probiotic products on the immunological resistance of humans, especially the respiratory tract with high viral load. Restoration of a healthy microbiota in the human tract using probiotic products administered through the gastrointestinal tract can reduce the risk and severity of manifestation of the respiratory infections

Prospects for using probiotics in the treatment of constipation in children

Every paediatrician faces the problem of how to diagnose and treat constipation in children in the daily practice. According to the sociological survey of parents and doctors, on average every third child has a delay in evacuating stool. According to the 2016 Rome VI criteria, the diagnosis of functional constipation in children from 0 to 4 years of age is based on diagnostic signs that differ for children older than 4 years old. This article considers the mechanisms of constipation development in children of different age groups, and discusses the influence of microbiota on the development of motor and neurosensory intestinal disorders. The use of probiotics in constipation therapy is still controversial. The article presents recent studies of the efficacy of different probiotic strains in the treatment of constipation in children. So far, only Lactobacillus reuteri (DSM 17938) has a proven effect for the treatment of constipation in using monostam probiotics

Cesarean section. Is the choice justified? Risks to children’s health

Operative delivery is one of the preventive measures to reduce maternal and perinatal mortality. Due to objective reasons, the indicators of perinatal and early neonatal deaths of children in the Russian Federation have been steadily declining over the past decades. Operative delivery is one of the preventive measures to reduce maternal and perinatal mortality. However, it is necessary to take into account the risks of operative delivery for both mother and baby. The planned caesarean section does not allow to fully activate the adaptive mechanisms of the baby, which disrupts the cytokine cascade and leads to various immunological disorders, one of which is allergy. The last meta-analysis of 13 trials showed a high risk of developing bronchial asthma in children born by cesarean section. Autoimmune diseases, oncological processes and systemic diseases is clearly in evidence in this group. This article discusses the risks for children born by planned cesarean section in the short and long term and the possibility of prevention according to modern trials

Caesarean section and lactation problems in women

Unfortunately, not every mammary gland functions in full when fulfils its main function, which is milk production for infant feeding. Most often, the technical errors during breastfeeding the baby cause nipple cracks, maceration and women stop breastfeeding. Engorgement is one of the most common problems faced during natural breastfeeding. The article highlights the issues of the physiology of lactation, discusses the problems arising during lactation, the risk factors for the development of hypogalactia, and describes the rules for using breast pumps to maintain lactation

Роль та місце антигістамінних препаратів у лікуванні алергічного риніту. оцінка терапевтичного ефекту препарату Гленцет за результатами багатоцентрового дослідження

Поширеність алергічного риніту (АР) становить 10 – 25 % населення в загальній популяції. За останні два десятиліття захворюваність АР зросла у всіх країнах у 3 – 4 рази , в тому числі і в Україні. Незважаючи на те, що симптоми, які розвиваються при риніті (ринорея, свербіж у носі, сльозотеча, закладеність носа) не є загрозливими для життя, вони створюють значний дискомфорт, різко знижують працездатність, помітно знижують якість життя пацієнта. Гістамін є найважливішим посередником таких алергічних проявів, як анафілактичний шок, риніти, бронхіальна астма, кропив'янка. Н1-блокатори – препарати, що традиційно застосовуються при алергічних захворюваннях. Основу фармакотерапії АР на даний час складають лікарські засоби, дія яких спрямована на основні патогенетичні механізми алергічного запалення. Левоцетиризин є першим прикладом виділення активного енантіомеру людського метаболіту як самостійного протиалергічного препарату. В даний час на українському ринку з'явився препарат Гленцет (компанія «Гленмарк»), що містить левоцетиризину дигідрохлориду 5 мг у формі таблеток. Проводилось відкрите багатоцентрове паралельне дослідження, в якому брали участь 11 областей України – Одеса, Донецьк, Луганськ, Крим, Київ, Харків, Дніпропетровськ, Запоріжжя, Львів, Луцьк, Хмельницький. Всі хворі приймали Гленцет в стандартному дозуванні – по 1 таблетці вранці до або під час їжі з подальшою оцінкою динаміки симптомів АР. Крім цього, зазначалися час настання ефекту і його тривалість. Аналіз ефективності препарату Гленцет проводився за допомогою порівняльної оцінки лікарем і хворим в балах. Результати обстеження заносилися в спеціально розроблену карту, по якій потім проводили аналіз результатів дослідження. За результатами дослідження препарат Гленцет показав високу терапевтичну активність, швидке настання ефекту, тривалу дію і був безпечним.The prevalence of allergic rhinitis (AR) is 10 – 25 % in the general population. Over the past two decades, the incidence of AR has increased 3- to 4-fold in all countries, including in Ukraine. Despite the fact that developing rhinitis symptoms (rhinorrhea, nasal itching, watery eyes, nasal congestion) are not life threatening, they create a significant discomfort, dramatically reduce capacity for work, noticeably reduce the quality of human life. Histamine is an important mediator of allergic reactions such as anaphylaxis, rhinitis, asthma, urticaria. H1-blockers are the drugs that are traditionally used in allergic diseases. The pharmacotherapy of AR is currently based on drugs that target major pathogenetic mechanisms of allergic inflammation. Levocetirizine is the first example of the active human metabolite enantiomer extraction as an independent anti-allergic drug. Currently Glenсet (company "Glenmark") containing levocetirizine dihydrochloride 5 mg in tablets has appeared on the Ukrainian market. The open-labeled, multicenter, parallel-group study involving 11 regions of Ukraine – Odessa, Donetsk, Lugansk, Crimea, Kiev, Kharkov, Dnepropetrovsk, Zaporozhye, Lvov, Lutsk and Khmelnitsky was held. All patients received a standard dose of Glenсet – 1 tablet in the morning before or during a meal, followed by assessment symptoms dynamics. In addition, it was pointed time of effect onset, as well as its duration. Analysis of the Glenсet effectiveness was conducted by the doctor’s and patient’s comparative assessment of the drug in points. The survey results were put into a specially designed card on which then the results of the study were analyzed. In this study high therapeutic activity, rapid onset of action and long-term effect of Glenсet were showed

History of breastfeeding: what has been preventing the natural way to feed infants from ancient times to modern day?

Presently, there is solid evidence that breast-feeding is ideal for the nutrition, harmonious physical and psychosocial development of the infants. This postulate is confirmed not only by modern scientific data, but also by the entire history of humanity from ancient times. However, history also shows that at all times there were various factors besides medical ones that prevent the appropriate and widespread breastfeeding of infants. These factors were both religious and social, and even political; they changed from one era to another and from one nation to another, and unfortunately, take place in modern society. They often had a character of prejudice and reflected on the health state of both infants and their mothers. This article presents a historical overview of the factors preventing breastfeeding, which can help the paediatrician understand the current causes of the insufficient prevalence of natural feeding

Результати популяційного вивчення частоти та структури алергічного риніту із сенсибілізацією до пліснявих грибів на прикладі Одеської області

Респіраторні мікоалергози надзвичайно розповсюджені, тому що різні гриби можуть бути провокуючим фактором таких захворювань, як алергічний риніт і бронхіальна астма. З появою вітчизняних алергенів пліснявих грибів, таких як Alternaria, Aspergillus, Botrytis, Cladosporium, Monilia, Penicillium стало можливими діагностувати різні алергічні захворювання із сенсибілізацією до пліснявих грибів, у тому числі і алергічний риніт. Вивчено частоту алергічного риніту на плісняві гриби в різних популяційних групах, його алергенну, віково-статеву структуру, а також варіанти його співіснування с різними супутніми алергічними захворюваннями.Respiratory mould allergies exceedingly are wide-spread since the different fungies are provoking factors of for numerous diseases such as allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma. On appearance of domestic allergenic fungus mould such as: Alternaria, Aspergillus, Botrytis, Cladosporium, Monilia, Penicillium it became possible to diagnose the different allergic diseases with hypersensitivity to mould fungus, including allergic rhinitis. We have studied the frequency allergic rhinitis on mould fungus in different group, its allergic and age-sexual structure, as well as variants of its coexistence with different accompanying allergic diseases