First records of anomalously white harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) in the Turkish seas with a global review

Dede, Ayhan/0000-0002-7712-615X; YESILCICEK, TUNCAY/0000-0002-3236-8227; Tonay, Arda M./0000-0003-2718-9328; Kose, Ozay/0000-0002-3565-160XWOS: 000320413100012Three anomalously white harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) were reported in Turkish Seas. One of them was bycaught on 19 June 2011 in bottom gill nets off the eastern coast of the Turkish Black Sea. the second one was observed four times in May and early June 2012 in the Istanbul Strait. the last one was stranded alive on 7 July 2012 in the Istanbul Strait. Records (published and unpublished) of anomalously white harbour porpoises in the world were reviewed. in total, 34 records were found from the world seas: the Black Sea, North Sea, Baltic Sea, North Atlantic Ocean and North Eastern Pacific Ocean. According to these records, three patterns of pigmentation were suggested.Recep Tayym Erdogan UniversityRecep Tayyip Erdogan University [BAP 2010.103 03 2]; Istanbul UniversityIstanbul University [BAP 184761, BAP 27942]The authors thank S. Berrow, O K. Didockson, K. Flannery, PG H Evans, A. Gob, Z. Gunelidze, I Hasselmeier, L Hutchings, W Keener, C.C. Kinze, L Morison, S. Pezeril, D. Quigley, K Robinson, D. Schulte, R Sears, A. U for observation data and old photos, A. Beird for photos, A.E. Kutukcu for video in Istanbul Strait, E. Danyer and I Aytemiz for necropsy report, H Bayar for necropsy assistance, 13 Topaloglu for photos of case 3 and logistic, S. Akmermer, K Akmermer and U. Akmermer for help in Size, L Eadie, T de Haas, N. Tonay and Kirecburnu's fishermen in Istanbul, Coast Guard for cooperation in IU/TUDAV Cetacean Stranding Network; V. Onar and P.S C. Turetken for help in fixation case 3, P Korkmazel, K. Guzey/ANIMA for colour grading and video time warping, B. Ozturk, P Gol'din and D Fertl for their valuable advises; A A Ozturk, R. Bilgin, C. Torso for their contributions during editing Case I study was supported by Recep Tayym Erdogan University, Scientific Research Project (BAP 2010.103 03 2). Case 2 study was supported by Istanbul University, Scientific Research Pealed (BAP 184761 Case 3 preserving and exhibit was provided by Istanbul University, Scientific Research Project (BAP 27942

Six miRNA expressions in the saliva of smokers and non-smokers with periodontal disease

BackgroundIt has been stated that microRNA (miRNA) plays an important role in development, homeostasis, and immune functions, and abnormal miRNA expression may cause faster disease progression. ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine miR-203, miR-142-3p, miR-146a, miR-146b, miR-155, and miR-29b gene expressions in the saliva of smokers and non-smokers with the periodontal disease before and after non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT). MethodsA total of 90 individuals, 30 with periodontitis, 30 with gingivitis, and 30 periodontally healthy (control group), were included. These three groups were divided into subgroups as smoking and non-smoking individuals, with 15 people in each group. NSPT was applied to patients with periodontitis and gingivitis. Saliva samples and clinical parameters were obtained at baseline and repeated 6 weeks after NSPT. ResultsSaliva miR-203, miR-142-3p, miR-146a, miR-146b, and miR-155 gene expressions were significantly upregulated in patients with periodontal disease compared to the control group both in smokers and non-smokers, and also these miRNAs' gene expressions were significantly higher in the periodontitis group than in the gingivitis group at baseline (p .05). ConclusionsThese results suggest that salivary miR-146a, miR-146b, miR142-3p, miR-155, and miR-203 gene expressions increased with the progression of periodontal disease, but unchanged after periodontal treatment. Moreover, smoking may contribute to an increase in the levels of salivary miR-142-3p in the periodontal health and disease