Sifat Kayu Lapis yang Dibuat dari Lima Jenis Kayu Asal Riau

The objective of this study was to determine the physical and mechanical properties of plywood made of punak (Tetramerista glabra Miq.), meranti bunga (Shorea teysmanniana Dyer ex Brandis), mempisang (Alphonsea spp.), suntai (Palaqium burckii H.J.L.), and pasak linggo (Aglaia argentea Blume). Liquid urea formaldehyde (UF) was used as an adhesive. Data analysis was carried out using a completely randomized design. Results showed that the moisture content and density of plywood produced in this study were around 10.4-10.95% and 0.65 to 0.93 g/cm3, respectively. The modulus of elasticity (MOE) and modulus of rupture (MOR) of plywood produced were between 63.371-123.548 kg/cm2 and 517-1.052 kg/cm2, respectively. It was also found that the tensile strength and bonding strength of the plywood produced were 461.6-1.095 kg/cm2 and 18.97-31.79 kg/cm2, respectively. It was recorded that moisture content and the bonding strength of the plywood produced met the Indonesian National Standard of Plywood. Among others, plywood produced from pasak linggo showed a superior quality. Referring to statistical analysis, it was confirmed that physical and mechanical properties of plywood were significantly affected by wood species, except moisture content. Keywords: mechanical properties, physical properties, plywood, Riau wood specie

ANATOMICAL INVESTIGATION OF FIVE GENERA THE LEAST-KNOWN TIMBER OF APOCYNACEAE AND THEIR POTENTIAL UTILIZATION

Doubtlessly, wood identification is critically important for a number of sectors, including government organizations, the wooden-based industry, museums, law enforcement, and scientists working in botany, ecology, forestry, and wood technology. Unfortunately, most wood species listed as “the least-known species” lack essential knowledge or their anatomical features and basic properties to promote their usage. This research aimed to investigate the anatomical characteristics and fiber quality of the least-known timber species of Apocynaceae family, which are authentic wood collection from Xylarium Bogoriense, namely, Ervatamia sphaerocarpa, E. aurantiaca, Kopsia flavida, Lepiniopsis ternatensis, Plumeria acuminata, P. rubra, and Voacanga foetida. Wood samples have indistinct growth ring boundaries, diffuse-porous vessels in diagonal and/or radial pattern, vessels in radial multiples of 4 or more cells, simple perforation plate, alternate intervessel pits; distinct borders of vessel-ray pits, similar with those of intervessel pits in size and shape throughout the ray cell, and septate fibers with simple pits to minutely bordered pits which are common in radial and tangential walls. Based on the fiber length and the derived values of fiber dimension, some species are classified into Quality Class II and III, and the rest of them are classified into Quality Class II or III for pulp and paper manufacturing. Based on general characteristics, commonly Apocynaceae can be used as handicrafts raw material. Based on the fiber quality, some species which are classified into Quality Class II, are predicted to have potential as pulp and paper material with medium quality

Study on Wood in Houses as Carbon Storage to Support Climate Stabilisation: Study in Four Residences around Jakarta Municipal City

Global agreements mandate the international community, including Indonesia, to commit to reducing the risks and impacts of climate change. Indonesia’s Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) will contribute to the achievement of the Convention’s goals by reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and increasing climate resilience. This commitment must be supported by a wide range of actions, including the use of timber. Despite the fact that wood contains carbon, limited information is currently available on the size of the wood utilisation subsector’s contribution to reducing GHG emissions. More research is needed on the magnitude of wood products’ contribution to climate change mitigation. This study assessed the amount of carbon stored in wood used as a building material. Purposive sampling was used to select the cities with rapid housing development surrounding Jakarta’s capital city, i.e., the Bekasi District, East Jakarta City, Depok City, and Bogor District. The amount of carbon stored in wood was calculated according to EN 16449:2014-06 and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS/EDX) analysis. Results show that wood is currently only used in door frames, door leaves, window frames, shutters, and vents. The carbon stored on the components ranges from 450 to 680 kg (average of 554.50 kg) in each housing unit, according to the EN 16449:2014-06 calculation. The weight range is between 130 and 430 kg (average of 400.42 kg) according to EDX/S carbon analysis. With an increase in housing needs of 800,000 units per year, this amount has the potential to store 0.44 million tons of carbon over the lifespan of the products