Multivariate analysis of mouse allergen level and selected outcomes in cases, by skin test reactivity to mouse.

<p>Values shown are ¹means or ²odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals, with P-values in parentheses. All allergens analyzed as log10. IgE analyzed as log10 and presented as percent increase/decrease. ³All children allergic to mouse were also sensitized to ≥1 additional allergen. All models adjusted for age, sex, household income, other allergens, and study site. FEV1 adjusted additionally for height and height squared.</p

Multivariate analysis of mouse allergen, FEV₁, and allergy markers in children with asthma.

<p>Values shown are ¹means or ²odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals, with P-values in parentheses. All allergens analyzed as log10. IgE analyzed as log10 and presented as percent increase/decrease. All models adjusted for age, sex, household income, and dust house levels of allergens. FEV1 adjusted additionally for height and height squared.</p

Mouse allergen level, selected covariates, and measures of lung function and atopy in children with asthma.

<p>Quintiles (and ranges) calculated using the combined cohort (San Juan and Hartford). Values shown are mean (SD) for continuous variables, except</p>a<p>presented as median (IQR), analyzed as log10.</p><p>STR = skin test reactivity.</p>*<p>FEV1 presented as absolute value due to lack of predicted values for Puerto Rican children.</p

Distribution of allergen levels (log-transformed), by study site.

<p>Distribution of allergen levels (log-transformed), by study site.</p

Main characteristics of study participants.

<p>Mean (SD) for continuous variables, except</p>a<p>presented as median (IQR), analyzed as log10.</p>*<p>P-value<0.05 and ^†P<0.10 for cases vs controls within each group.</p><p>STR = skin test reactivity.FEV₁ shown as absolute value because of lack of predicted values in Puerto Ricans.</p

Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Paclitaxel Monotherapy: An Updated Literature Review

Paclitaxel is an anticancer agent efficacious in the treatment of ovarian, breast, and lung cancer. Due to a strong link between the pharmacokinetics and therapeutic efficacy of paclitaxel, we reviewed the literature on paclitaxel pharmacokinetics. Systematic data mining was performed to extract the maximum concentration (C max), clearance (CL), and time of paclitaxel plasma concentration above 0.05 µmol/L (T &gt; 0.05 µmol/L) following monotherapy of both the widely used cremophor-diluted paclitaxel and nanoparticle albumin-bound (nab-)paclitaxel. We identified a total of 53 studies yielding 121 aggregated pharmacokinetic profiles for paclitaxel monotherapy and extracted reported mean and median estimates of pharmacokinetic parameters. Paclitaxel has been studied formally at doses of 15-825 mg/m2 and infused over 0.5-96 h; included studies examined both weekly and every 3-weeks dosing cycles. The most widely used dose of cremophor-diluted paclitaxel, 175 mg/m2 given as a 3-h infusion, leads to an interstudy median C max of 5.1 µmol/L [interquartile range (IQR) 4.5-5.7], CL of 12.0 L/h/m2 (IQR 10.9-12.9), and T &gt; 0.05 µmol/L of 23.8 h (IQR 21.5-26.8). Importantly, the significant interindividual variation widely reported in the literature is not reflected in these interstudy estimates of pharmacokinetic parameters. Cremophor-diluted paclitaxel pharmacokinetics are non-linear following short (&lt;6 h) but not long (&gt;24 h) infusions. A similar pattern of non-linearity was observed for nab-paclitaxel, although the number of studies was limited. The pharmacokinetics of paclitaxel monotherapy have been widely studied at numerous dose levels of the Cremophor EL® formulation, but are less well-characterized for the newer nab-paclitaxel formulation. In conclusion, paclitaxel pharmacokinetics are non-linear for short infusion times but not for longer infusions. Whether a similar conclusion can be drawn for nab-paclitaxel formulations requires further study