La humanización del “oficio de defender los Derechos Humanos” desde la práctica de las defensoras

El presente artículo analiza la problemática en torno al género y al debate sobre los principios masculinos y femeninos como fuentes de construcción de lo humano. Examina también las alianzas y oposiciones entre los diferentes feminismos y masculinidades. Finalmente expone, desde una perspectiva de género, la cuestión de la vulnerabilidad de los/as defensores de derechos humanos. La tesis principal versa sobre la posibilidad de humanizar la defensa de los derechos humanos al incorporar los principios masculinos y femeninos en la práctica del oficio

Parameters of oxidative stress are present in the circulation of PXE patients

Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) is an inherited disorder characterized by calcification of elastic fibres leading to dermatological and vascular alterations associated to premature aged features and to life threatening clinical manifestations. The severity of the disease is independent from the type of mutation in the ABCC6 gene, and it has been suggested that local and/or systemic factors may contribute to the occurrence of clinical phenotype. The redox balance in the circulation of 27 PXE patients and of 50 healthy subjects of comparable age was evaluated by measuring the advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), the lipid peroxidation derivatives (LOOH), the circulating total antioxidant status (TAS), the thiol content and the extracellular superoxide dismutase activity (EC-SOD). Patients were diagnosed by clinical, ultrastructural and molecular findings. Compared to control subjects, PXE patients exhibited significantly lower antioxidant potential, namely circulating TAS and free thiol groups, and higher levels of parameters of oxidative damage, as LOOH and of AOPP, and of circulating EC-SOD activity. Interestingly, the ratio between oxidant and antioxidant parameters was significantly altered in PXE patients and related to various score indices. This study demonstrates, for the first time, that several parameters of oxidative stress are modified in the blood of PXE patients and that the redox balance is significantly altered compared to control subjects of comparable age. Therefore, in PXE patients the circulating impaired redox balance may contribute to the occurrence of several clinical manifestations in PXE patients, and/or to the severity of disease, thus opening new perspectives for their management

Cardiovascular Health Improvements with Diet and Exercise Intervention

Please click the pdf icon to download the abstracts

Bufete jurídico gratuito en Guadalajara

El objetivo del bufete jurídico del ITESO es construir de manera conjunta alternativas de solución a problemas de acceso a la justicia, con base en los derechos humanos, la cultura de paz y la pedagogía ignaciana. Para esto, se desarrolla todo un proceso de acompañamiento jurídico, cuya metodología sigue los siguientes pasos (que varían según el caso): se comienza con la asignación de casos y las asesorías jurídicas; después se realiza un dictamen; se da seguimiento a los casos y a los procesos jurídicos y administrativos pertinentes, como las visitas a los juzgados, la realización de mediaciones o conciliaciones o el acompañamiento a registros civiles; el proceso termina con la resolución de los casos o la asignación de estos a las autoridades pertinentes que les darán seguimiento. A su vez, se realiza trabajo de investigación y se participa en distintos escenarios - como el Instituto de Justicia Alternativa (IJA) y la atención a migrantes y refugiados - y en proyectos de justicia itinerante. Los resultados principales del PAP son: las asesorías integrales brindadas, en las que se dio atención a más de 184 personas; los dictámenes, y demás documentos elaborados pertinentes a los casos, como las demandas; la solución de diversos conflictos; una compilación de información sobre el tema de migración; documentos de difusión y promoción; y un taller impartido en el marco del trabajo con el IJA. Así, este PAP fue un espacio de aprendizaje, reflexión y crecimiento, donde el trabajo se realizó de manera horizontal y con base en los valores propios del proyecto

Vertical transmission of HIV-1: Maternal immune status and obstetric factors

Objective: To estimate the effect of maternal factors and events around the time of delivery on HIV-1 vertical transmission risk. Design: Prospective study. Setting: Twenty-two obstetric and paediatric clinics in seven European countries. Patients or other participants: Mothers identified as HIV-infected before or at delivery and their children. Main outcome measure: Paediatric HIV infection. Results: By November 1995, 1846 mothers with 1945 children had been enrolled. The vertical transmission rate was 16.4% (95% confidence interval, 14.5-18.3). Parity, maternal age, race, mode of HIV acquisition, injecting drug use and sex of infant were not statistically significantly associated with risk of transmission, Children delivered vaginally were more likely to be infected than those delivered by Caesarean section. However, in vaginal deliveries the procedures used, duration of ruptured membranes or length of second-stage labour were not related to transmission. Transmission increased almost linearly with decreasing CD4 cell count, but there was no such trend for CD8 cell count. Women with CD4 cell counts below 200 x 10(6)/l were significantly more likely to deliver early (chi(2) for trend, 14.02; P < 0.001). Very premature infants were at increased risk of infection, but after about 35 weeks gestation the transmission rate remained stable, with no increase in late pregnancy. This trend was confirmed after allowing for maternal CD4 cell count. Conclusions: The rate of vertical transmission increases linearly with decreasing maternal CD4 cell count. Women with fewer than 200 x 10(6) CD4 cells/l have an increased risk of premature delivery, which would affect timing of interventions. The stable transmission rate after 35 weeks gestation suggests little acquisition of infection during late pregnancy