Efecto del cambio de uso de suelo sobre las propiedades edáficas en la sabana, Huimanguillo, Tabasco, México

Objective: Evaluate physical and chemical properties of acid soils subject to change of land use in La Sabana of Huimanguillo, Tabasco, México. Design/methodology/approach: The following technical criteria were used: production systems representative of savanna soils in Huimanguillo, Tabasco, from sugar cane (Saccharum spp.), pineapple (Ananas comosus L.), cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz), pastureland, and acahual (secondary vegetation). Physical and chemical properties were evaluated using standardized methods: apparent density (AD), organic matter (OM), total nitrogen (N), extractable phosphorus (P Olsen), cation exchange capacity (CEC), electric conductivity (EC), exchangeable bases (K, Ca and Mg), and pH. Results: Results suggest highly statistical differences in contents of OM, AD, pH, and porosity (%). Statistical differences were found in Ca, Mg, and K content. Total N, P Olsen, CEC and EC, did not show statistical differences. Study limitations/implications: La Sabana of Huimanguillo, has been affected by a significant loss of soil fertility, therefore is important to evaluate the soil degradation process by change of land use under different climate conditions. Findings/conclusions: Evaluation of soil properties degradation in acid soils subject to different land use, physical and chemical properties of soils showed that sugar cane and pastureland were affected significantly.Objetivo: Evaluar las propiedades físicas y químicas de suelos ácidos de La Sabana de Huimanguillo, Tabasco, México, sujetos a diferentes usos. Diseño/metodología/aproximación: Se consideraron los siguientes criterios técnicos, sistemas de producción representativos de sabana en el municipio de Huimanguillo que corresponden a caña de azúcar (Saccharum spp.), piña (Ananas comosus L.), yuca (Manihot esculenta Crantz), pastizal y acahual. Se evaluaron las propiedades físicas y químicas a través de métodos estandarizados: densidad aparente (Dap), materia orgánica (MO), nitrógeno (N) total, fósforo (P Olsen) extractable, capacidad de intercambio catiónico (CIC), conductividad eléctrica (CE), bases intercambiables (K, Ca y Mg) y pH. Resultados: Se obtuvieron resultados altamente significativos para MO, DAP, pH y Porosidad %, en los contenidos de Ca, Mg, y K se encontraron diferencias significativas, en cambio con N total, P Olsen, CIC y CE no se observaron diferencias significativas. Limitaciones del estudio/implicaciones: La Sabana de Huimanguillo, se ha visto afectada por la pérdida significativa de la fertilidad en suelo, por lo que es necesario evaluar el proceso de degradación en un periodo de mayo a diciembre, contemplando las condiciones climáticas (seca-lluvia). Hallazgos/conclusiones: Al evaluar la degradación de las propiedades de los suelos ácidos sujetos a diferentes usos, el sistema de producción de caña de azúcar y el pastizal son los cultivos que más son afectados en las propiedades físicas y químicas de los suelos

<b>Genetic risk score for insulin resistance based on gene variants associated to amino acid metabolism in young adults</b>

Anonymized data set containing anthropometric, clinical, biochemical and genotyping characteristics of participants (n=452).</p

Anthropometric, clinical, and biochemical characteristics of participants (n = 452).

Anthropometric, clinical, and biochemical characteristics of participants (n = 452).</p

Anthropometric, clinical, and biochemical parameters of subjects according to the genetic risk score for HOMA-IR (n = 452).

Anthropometric, clinical, and biochemical parameters of subjects according to the genetic risk score for HOMA-IR (n = 452).</p

Serum amino acid concentrations of subjects according to the genetic risk score for HOMA-IR (n = 452).

Serum amino acid concentrations of subjects according to the genetic risk score for HOMA-IR (n = 452).</p

Genotype frequencies associated with risk of insulin resistance as assessed by HOMA-IR (n = 452).

Genotype frequencies associated with risk of insulin resistance as assessed by HOMA-IR (n = 452).</p

Additional tables.

Circulating concentration of arginine, alanine, aspartate, isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine, proline, tyrosine, taurine and valine are increased in subjects with insulin resistance, which could in part be attributed to the presence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within genes associated with amino acid metabolism. Thus, the aim of this work was to develop a Genetic Risk Score (GRS) for insulin resistance in young adults based on SNPs present in genes related to amino acid metabolism. We performed a cross-sectional study that included 452 subjects over 18 years of age. Anthropometric, clinical, and biochemical parameters were assessed including measurement of serum amino acids by high performance liquid chromatography. Eighteen SNPs were genotyped by allelic discrimination. Of these, ten were found to be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, and only four were used to construct the GRS through multiple linear regression modeling. The GRS was calculated using the number of risk alleles of the SNPs in HGD, PRODH, DLD and SLC7A9 genes. Subjects with high GRS (≥ 0.836) had higher levels of glucose, insulin, homeostatic model assessment- insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), total cholesterol and triglycerides, and lower levels of arginine than subjects with low GRS (p </div

Anthropometric, clinical, and biochemical characteristics in subjects with or without insulin resistance (n = 452).

Anthropometric, clinical, and biochemical characteristics in subjects with or without insulin resistance (n = 452).</p

Insulin resistance, quantified by the HOMA-IR (homeostatic model assessment—insulin resistance), across groups stratified into tertiles according to the genetic risk score (GRS) derived from the best model in a total of 452 subjects.

GRS-low = tertile 1 (cut-off point: 0.620); GRS-medium = tertile 2 (cut-off point: 0.742); GRS-high = tertile 3 (cut-off point: 0.836). The HOMA-IR values of subjects with a high GRS and medium GRS were significantly higher than in subjects with a low GRS. Data are shown as mean ± standard deviation. Differences are based on ANOVA adjusted for sex, age and BMI. Bonferroni´s multiple comparisons post-hoc test where groups with different letters are statistically significant, where a > b. The difference is significant p < 0.01.</p