Деградация человеческого потенциала как фактор латентной составляющей деятельности высшей школы Украины

Рассмотрены проблемы тенизации и коррупционности функционирования украин-ской высшей школы на фоне вектора развития показателей потенциала населения страны.Розглянуті проблеми тінізації і коррупційності функціонування української вищої школи на тлі вектору розвитку показників потенціалу населення країни

Isomeric periodic mesoporous organosilicas with controllable properties

The synthesis procedure for isomeric periodic mesoporous organosilicas with E-configured ethenylene bridges was investigated using the homemade pure E-isomer of 1,2-bis(triethoxysilyl)ethene. The pH, aging temperature and the presence of cosolvents played a key role in obtaining well-ordered mesoporous materials with controllable properties and morphologies. By fine-tuning the reaction mixture acidity, PMOs with high surface areas and pore volumes could be attained. By selecting various alcohols as cosolvents and optimizing the alcohol concentration, PMOs with crystal-like disc shaped, fibrous and spherical particle morphologies were obtained. The synthesis temperature of these ethenylene-bridged PMOs influences the pore size, structure, connectivity and volume

Tailoring and visualizing the pore architecture of hierarchical zeolites

Recently the concept of hierarchical zeolites invoked more explicit attention to enhanced accessibility of zeolites. By realizing additional meso-/macroporosity with the intrinsic microporosity of zeolites, a hierarchical pore system arises which facilitates mass transport while maintaining the zeolite shape selectivity. A great number of synthesis strategies have been developed for tailoring the pore architecture of hierarchical zeolites. In this review, we give a general overview of different synthesis methods for introduction of additional porosity. Advantages and limitations of these different synthesis approaches are addressed. The assessment of pore structure is essential to build the link between the zeolite pore structure and its functionality. A variety of 2D and 3D microscopy techniques are crucial to visualize the hierarchical pore structure, providing unique and comprehensive information that, however, should be linked to the results of bulk characterization techniques as much as possible. The microscopy techniques are classified and discussed according to the different probes used, such as optical light, X-rays and electrons. Representative work is reviewed to elucidate the capability of each technique and their drawbacks

Из истории гидроархеологических исследований на озере Иссык-Куль

Статья посвящена истории археологических исследований на озере Иссык-Куль. На основе архивных данных реконструируются первые попытки изучения дна озера русскими путешественниками и учеными в середине ХIХ века; описывается проект Г.А.Колпаковского по доставке на озеро водолазного оборудования (1871); оцениваются результаты работ экспедиций Д.Ф.Винника и современное состояние дел по изучению подводных памятников озера.Стаття присвячена історії археологічних досліджень на озері Іссик-куль. На основі архівних даних реконструюються перші спроби вивчення дна озера російськими мандрівниками і ученими в середині ХIХ століття; описується проект Г.А.Колпаковського з доставки на озеро водолазного обладнання (1871); оцінюються результати робіт експедицій Д.Ф.Вінника і сучасний стан справ по вивченню підводних пам'ятників озера.The article is devoted to the history of archaeological researches at lake Issik Kul. On the basis of the archived documents the first attempts to investigate the lake bottom by Russian travelers and scientists in the middle of ХIХ age are reconstructed; the G.A.Kolpakovskiy’s project concerning the delivery of diving equipment (1871) to the lake is described; the work results of D.F.Vinnik’s expeditions and modern researches of archaeological artefacts of the lake are assessed

Palladium nanoparticles confined in thiol-functionalized ordered mesoporous silica for more stable Heck and Suzuki catalysts

Palladium nanoparticles of similar size of ~2 nm were synthesized on different silica-based materials, all functionalized with thiol groups i.e., Aerosil-380, SBA-15, plugged SBA-15 and m-MCF. The resulting materials were used to study the influence of the confinement of Pd nanoparticles in a functionalized silica support on the Heck and the Suzuki reactions. In the case of the Heck reaction, for all catalysts it was proven that leached Pd species were responsible for the activity. However, the catalysts based on ordered mesoporous silica were still able to restrict Pd particle growth, giving rise to an enhanced stability. For the Suzuki reaction, stronger alkaline conditions were required and catalysts based on plugged SBA-15 showed a higher stability than those based on SBA-15 and m-MCF, which both collapsed after the first cycle. At almost identical Pd particle size, ordered mesoporous materials enhance stability and particle growth is slowed down but not fully suppressed

Influence of atmosphere, interparticle distance and support on the stability of silver on α-alumina for ethylene epoxidation

The stability of supported metal particles is an important parameter in heterogenous catalysis. For silver catalysts supported on α-alumina, industrially used in ethylene epoxidation, the loss of silver surface area as result of particle growth is one of the most important deactivation mechanisms. In this work, the growth of silver particles was investigated by exposing catalysts to thermal treatments. The presence of oxygen during heating strongly enhanced particle growth, and the interparticle distance was a crucial parameter. However, restricting movement of complete silver particles using cage-like α-alumina did not limit particle growth. These findings indicate that Ostwald ripening was the dominant mechanism behind particle growth, with the diffusion of oxidized silver species being a rate limiting factor. Finally, higher surface area α-alumina provided better silver stability during ethylene epoxidation, with only limited decrease in selectivity. This makes silver supported on high surface area α-alumina promising candidates for ethylene epoxidation catalysis

Історико-правові аспекти інформаційного протиборства в умовах воєнного стану (1941 – 1942 рр.)

Щодо впливу на людину засобів інформаційно-пропагандистської зброї.О влиянии на человека средств информационно-пропагандистского оружия.On influence of the methods of informative propagandistic weapon on the human

Human Lymph Node Stromal Cells Have the Machinery to Regulate Peripheral Tolerance during Health and Rheumatoid Arthritis.

BACKGROUND: In rheumatoid arthritis (RA) the cause for loss of tolerance and anti-citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA) production remains unidentified. Mouse studies showed that lymph node stromal cells (LNSCs) maintain peripheral tolerance through presentation of peripheral tissue antigens (PTAs). We hypothesize that dysregulation of peripheral tolerance mechanisms in human LNSCs might underlie pathogenesis of RA. METHOD: Lymph node (LN) needle biopsies were obtained from 24 RA patients, 23 individuals positive for RA-associated autoantibodies but without clinical disease (RA-risk individuals), and 14 seronegative healthy individuals. Ex vivo human LNs from non-RA individuals were used to directly analyze stromal cells. Molecules involved in antigen presentation and immune modulation were measured in LNSCs upon interferon γ (IFNγ) stimulation (n = 15). RESULTS: Citrullinated targets of ACPAs were detected in human LN tissue and in cultured LNSCs. Human LNSCs express several PTAs, transcription factors autoimmune regulator (AIRE) and deformed epidermal autoregulatory factor 1 (DEAF1), and molecules involved in citrullination, antigen presentation, and immunomodulation. Overall, no clear differences between donor groups were observed with exception of a slightly lower induction of human leukocyte antigen-DR (HLA-DR) and programmed cell death 1 ligand (PD-L1) molecules in LNSCs from RA patients. CONCLUSION: Human LNSCs have the machinery to regulate peripheral tolerance making them an attractive target to exploit in tolerance induction and maintenance