6,769 research outputs found
Modeling Mergers of Known Galactic Systems of Binary Neutron Stars
We present a study of the merger of six different known galactic systems of
binary neutron stars (BNS) of unequal mass with a mass ratio between and
. Specifically, these systems are J1756-2251, J0737-3039A, J1906+0746,
B1534+12, J0453+1559 and B1913+16. We follow the dynamics of the merger from
the late stage of the inspiral process up to 20 ms after the system has
merged, either to form a hyper-massive neutron star (NS) or a rotating black
hole (BH), using a semi-realistic equation of state (EOS), namely the
seven-segment piece-wise polytropic SLy with a thermal component. For the most
extreme of these systems (, J0453+1559), we also investigate the
effects of different EOSs: APR4, H4, and MS1. Our numerical simulations are
performed using only publicly available open source code such as, the Einstein
Toolkit code deployed for the dynamical evolution and the LORENE code for the
generation of the initial models. We show results on the gravitational wave
signals, spectrogram and frequencies of the BNS after the merger and the BH
properties in the two cases in which the system collapse within the simulated
time.Comment: 13 pages, 10 figure
Spectral analysis of gravitational waves from binary neutron star merger remnants
In this work we analyze the gravitational wave signal from hypermassive
neutron stars formed after the merger of binary neutron star systems, focusing
on its spectral features. The gravitational wave signals are extracted from
numerical relativity simulations of models already considered by De Pietri et
al. [Phys. Rev. D 93, 064047 (2016)], Maione et al. [Classical Quantum Gravity
33, 175009 (2016)], and Feo et al. [Classical Quantum Gravity 34, 034001
(2017)], and allow us to study the effect of the total baryonic mass of such
systems (from to ), the mass ratio (up to ), and the neutron star equation of state, both in equal and highly
unequal mass binaries. We use the peaks we find in the gravitational spectrum
as an independent test of already published hypotheses of their physical origin
and empirical relations linking them with the characteristics of the merging
neutron stars. In particular, we highlight the effects of the mass ratio, which
in the past was often neglected. We also analyze the temporal evolution of the
emission frequencies. Finally, we introduce a modern variant of Prony's method
to analyze the gravitational wave postmerger emission as a sum of complex
exponentials, trying to overcome some drawbacks of both Fourier spectra and
least-squares fitting. Overall, the spectral properties of the postmerger
signal observed in our simulation are in agreement with those proposed by other
groups. More specifically, we find that the analysis of Bauswein and
Stergioulas [Phys. Rev. D 91, 124056 (2015)] is particularly effective for
binaries with very low masses or with a small mass ratio and that the
mechanical toy model of Takami et al. [Phys. Rev. D 91, 064001 (2015)] provides
a comprehensive and accurate description of the early stages of the postmerger.Comment: 19 pages, 6 figure
A food chain ecoepidemic model: infection at the bottom trophic level
In this paper we consider a three level food web subject to a disease
affecting the bottom prey. The resulting dynamics is much richer with respect
to the purely demographic model, in that it contains more transcritical
bifurcations, gluing together the various equilibria, as well as persistent
limit cycles, which are shown to be absent in the classical case. Finally,
bistability is discovered among some equilibria, leading to situations in which
the computation of their basins of attraction is relevant for the system
outcome in terms of its biological implications
Stiffness effects on the dynamics of the bar-mode instability of Neutron Stars in full General Relativity
We present results on the effect of the stiffness of the equation of state on
the dynamical bar-mode instability in rapidly rotating polytropic models of
neutron stars in full General Relativity. We determine the change in the
threshold for the emergence of the instability for a range of the adiabatic
index from 2.0 to 3.0, including two values chosen to mimic more
realistic equations of state at high densities.Comment: 12 pages, 5 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with
arXiv:1403.806
Galectin-3. One molecule for an alphabet of diseases, from A to Z
Galectin-3 (Gal-3) regulates basic cellular functions such as cell–cell and cell–matrix interactions, growth, proliferation, differentiation, and inflammation. It is not surprising, therefore, that this protein is involved in the pathogenesis of many relevant human diseases, including cancer, fibrosis, chronic inflammation and scarring affecting many different tissues. The papers published in the literature have progressively increased in number during the last decades, testifying the great interest given to this protein by numerous researchers involved in many different clinical contexts. Considering the crucial role exerted by Gal-3 in many different clinical conditions, Gal-3 is emerging as a new diagnostic, prognostic biomarker and as a new promising therapeutic target. The current review aims to extensively examine the studies published so far on the role of Gal-3 in all the clinical conditions and diseases, listed in alphabetical order, where it was analyzed
Left atrial anomalous muscular band as incidental finding during video-assisted mitral surgery
Congenital fibromuscular bands have been described inleft ventricle or right atrium and have been diagnosed by echocardiography and CT scan. The first report of anomalous band in the left atrium was described in 1897 by Rollestone (1). We hereby present a case of a patient with an incidental finding of left atrial band during a minimally invasive mitral surgery procedure
Convective Excitation of Inertial Modes in Binary Neutron Star Mergers
We present the first very long-term simulations (extending up to ~140 ms
after merger) of binary neutron star mergers with piecewise polytropic
equations of state and in full general relativity. Our simulations reveal that
at a time of 30-50 ms after merger, parts of the star become convectively
unstable, which triggers the excitation of inertial modes. The excited inertial
modes are sustained up to several tens of milliseconds and are potentially
observable by the planned third-generation gravitational-wave detectors at
frequencies of a few kilohertz. Since inertial modes depend on the rotation
rate of the star and they are triggered by a convective instability in the
postmerger remnant, their detection in gravitational waves will provide a
unique opportunity to probe the rotational and thermal state of the merger
remnant. In addition, our findings have implications for the long-term
evolution and stability of binary neutron star remnantsComment: 6 pages, 4 figure
Human- or object-like? Cognitive anthropomorphism of humanoid robots
Across three experiments (N = 302), we explored whether people cognitively elaborate humanoid robots as human- or object-like. In doing so, we relied on the inversion paradigm, which is an experimental procedure extensively used by cognitive research to investigate the elaboration of social (vs. non-social) stimuli. Overall, mixed-model analyses revealed that full-bodies of humanoid robots were subjected to the inversion effect (body-inversion effect) and, thus, followed a configural processing similar to that activated for human beings. Such a pattern of finding emerged regardless of the similarity of the considered humanoid robots to human beings. That is, it occurred when considering bodies of humanoid robots with medium (Experiment 1), high and low (Experiment 2) levels of human likeness. Instead, Experiment 3 revealed that only faces of humanoid robots with high (vs. low) levels of human likeness were subjected to the inversion effects and, thus, cognitively anthropomorphized. Theoretical and practical implications of these findings for robotic and psychological research are discussed
A Comparison between High-order Temporal Integration Methods Applied to the Discontinuous Galerkin Discretized Euler Equations
Abstract In this work we present a high-order Discontinuous Galerkin (DG) space approximation coupled with two high-order temporal integration methods for the numerical solution of time-dependent compressible flows. The time integration methods analyzed are the explicit Strong-Stability-Preserving Runge-Kutta (SSPRK) and the Two Implicit Advanced Step-point (TIAS) schemes. Their accuracy and efficiency are evaluated by means of an inviscid test case for which an exact solution is available. The study is carried out for several time-steps using different polynomial order approximations and several levels of grid refinement. The effect of mesh irregularities on the accuracy is also investigated by considering randomly perturbed meshes. The analysis of the results has the twofold objective of (i) assessing the performances of the temporal schemes in the context of the high-order DG discretization and(ii) determining if high-order implicit schemes can displace widely used high-order explicit schemes
an experimental protocol to support cognitive impairment diagnosis by using handwriting analysis
Abstract Nowadays diseases involving cognitive impairments affect millions of people worldwide, with Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases being the most common ones. Because of the worldwide average lifespan increment, it is expected that their incidence will increase in the next few decades. Among the daily activities, handwriting is one of the first affected by cognitive impairments. For this reasons, researchers have also been investigating the analysis of handwriting alterations as diagnostic signs for this kind of diseases. In this paper we present an experimental protocol that we developed for the analysis of the handwriting dynamics of patients affected by cognitive impairments. The aim of this protocol is to build a large database that would allow to effectively train different classifier systems. We also detail the most common and effective features previously used in the literature to represent handwriting dynamics of the subjects affected by cognitive impairments
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