Uma metodologia para o desenvolvimento de Wordnets terminológicas em português do Brasil

The development of computational systems capable of understanding and producing natural languages (e.g.: machine translation systems) requires some linguistic resources (lingwares), e.g. lexical knowledge databases. These resources are a crucial component of a wide variety of natural language processing (NLP) applications. Due to the increasing need to process specialized texts, domain-specific (or terminological) lexical databases have been built in many languages, especially in wordnet format. Despite the existence of a reasonable number of terminological wordnets in many languages, there is no clear and generic methodology to build them. For Brazilian Portuguese (BP), by the way, there is no domain-specific lexical database in the wordnet model. In this scenario, the TermiNet project has been developed. This project aims (i) to instantiate the generic NLP methodology proposed by Dias-da-Silva (2006) to develop terminological wordnets and (ii) to apply it to build a terminological wordnet in BP. In addition to the benefits to the NLP field, terminological wordnets may also contribute to the development of terminological/terminographic products as the organization of lexical-conceptual knowledge is an essential step in building such products. In this paper, we offer an introduction to the TermiNet project focusing on the instantiation of the generic NLP methodology.Para o desenvolvimento de vários sistemas computacionais que processam língua natural (p.ex., sistemas de sumarização, sistemas de tradução automática etc.), os pesquisadores da área do Processamento Automático das Línguas Naturais (PLN) necessitam de certos recursos linguísticos (os lingwares), os quais desempenham papel central na arquitetura desses sistemas, p.ex.: as “bases de conhecimento lexical”. Dada a necessidade crescente de se processar textos especializados, bases de conhecimento lexical especializado (ou terminológico) passaram a ser desenvolvidas para várias línguas, principalmente no formato wordnet. Ocorre que, embora exista um número razoável de wordnets terminológicas em diversas línguas, observa-se a carência de uma metodologia suficientemente clara que facilite e, sobretudo, estimule a criação dessas bases. Para o português do Brasil (PB), aliás, não há bases de conhecimento especializado no formato wordnet. Nesse cenário, está sendo desenvolvido o projeto TermiNet (do inglês, terminological wordnet), que objetiva: (i) a instanciação (ou seja, versão mais definida), para o desenvolvimento específico de wordnets terminológicas, da metodologia genérica de pesquisa no PLN proposta por Dias-da-Silva (2006) e (ii) a sua aplicação na construção de uma base desse tipo em PB. Acredita-se que o TermiNet pode beneficiar não só o PLN, mas também a Terminologia/ Terminografia em PB, pois o formato wordnet é um modelo robusto e eficaz para a sistematização do conhecimento léxico-conceitual, fundamental também para o desenvolvimento de produtos terminográficos tradicionais. Neste artigo, em especial, apresenta-se o referido projeto, focalizando a primeira etapa das atividades, que é a instanciação da metodologia trifásica de Dias-da-Silva (2006)

A qualitative analysis of a corpus of opinion summaries based on aspects

Aspect-based opinion summarization is the task of automatically generating a summary\ud for some aspects of a specific topic from a set of opinions. In most cases, to evaluate the quality of the automatic summaries, it is necessary to have a reference corpus of human\ud summaries to analyze how similar they are. The scarcity of corpora in that task has been a limiting factor for many research works. In this paper, we introduce OpiSums-PT, a corpus of extractive and abstractive summaries of opinions written in Brazilian Portuguese. We use this corpus to analyze how similar human summaries are and how people take into account the issues of aspect coverage and sentimento orientation to generate manual summaries. The results of these analyses show that human summaries are diversified and people generate summaries only for some aspects, keeping the overall sentiment orientation with little variation.Samsung Eletrônica da Amazônia Ltda

Manual alignment of news texts and their multi-document human summaries

FAPESPCAPESCNP

OntoMethodus - a methodology to build domain-specific ontologies and its use in a system to support the generation of terminographic products.

Given the importance of domain ontologies for developing terminographic products, we propose a seven-step methodology - OntoMethodus - to build ontologies especially from unstructured sources. Finally, we present e-Termos, an ongoing project to develop an environment to support generation of terminographic products in Brazilian Portuguese which uses the OntoMethodus

CD4+ T Lymphocytes with follicular helper phenotype (T FH) in patients with SH2D1A deficiency (XLP)

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells with T FH phenotype from two asymptomatic XLP patients were studied. Normal/high numbers of CXCR5+, CD4+ T cells coexpressing PD-1 were demonstrated. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from these patients responded to sub-optimal PHA/IL-2 stimulation upregulating ICOS and CD40L and increasing intracellular expression of IL-10, IL-21 and IL-4 by CD4+ T FH cells. However when compared to N, the time profile of activation and cytokine synthesis was different in XLP and N. While ICOS and CD40L expression in N decreased after 6-8days, it continued to increase or was maintained in XLP cultures. Intracellular IL-10, IL-21 and IL-4 reached higher values in XLP than N after 8days. Rather than the absence of T FH cells or their intrinsic inability to respond to stimuli, differences in the time profile of their response could contribute to impair their role as helpers of B lymphocytes. © 2011 Elsevier Inc.Fil: Coraglia, Ana Carina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Medicina Experimental. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Felippo, Marta Elena. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Medicina Experimental. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Schierloh, Luis Pablo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Medicina Experimental. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Malbrán, Alejandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Medicina Experimental. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: González Bracco, María de las Mercedes. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Medicina Experimental. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Medicina Experimental; Argentin

Avaliação de experiências de controle bibliográfico em Curitiba: 1970-1980

Aspectos da editoração, catalogação na fonte, normalização e depósito legal analisados juntamente com a produção de catálogos bibliográficos e bibliografias, em Curitiba

Neutrophils without CD16b receptors

Se presentan dos pacientes (mujeres de 41 y 15 años de edad) con ausencia del receptor para el fragmento Fc de IgG, CD16b en neutrófilos (fenotipo "null"). El caso 1 fue referida al laboratorio con diagnóstico de hemoglobinuria nocturna paroxística y el caso 2) con diagnóstico presuntivo de neutropenia inmune. En ambos casos se comprobó por citometría de flujo la ausencia de expresión de CD16b, sin deficiencias en la expresión de otras moléculas del sistema de alloantígenos propios de neutrófilos ni defectos en el anclaje a membrana por glicosil fosfatidil inositol (GPI). Las manifestaciones clínicas en ambas pacientes: anemia en el caso 1 y leucopenia en el caso 2 no pueden ser atribuidas exclusivamente a la carencia de CD16b, ya que otros receptores para Fc de IgG (CD32 y CD64) podrían suplir la función de CD16b. Sin embargo, es importante tener en cuenta esta rara deficiencia (< 1% en la población) ante eventuales transfusiones y embarazos, ya que es posible generar ioanticuerpos anti CD16b y neutropenia isoinmune natal transitoria en niños nacidos de mujeres con fenotipo "null".Occurrence of the rare CD16b deficiency ("null" phenotype) in neutrophils from two female patients (41 and 15 years old) is reported. The first case was referred with a diagnosis of anemia related to paroxistic nocturnal hemoglobinuria and the second case, with presumptive diagnosis of immune neutropenia. In both cases, absence of CD16b expression was determined by flow cytometry without deficiencies of other neutrophil alloantigens or defects of membrane anchorage through glycosil phosphatydil inositol (GPI) linkage. Clinical manifestations in both patients could not be attributed exclusively to the absence of CD16b, as other receptors for the IgG Fc fragment (CD32 and CD64) could compensate this deficiency that occurs in < 1% of the caucasic population. Nevertheless, it is important to take this rare deficiency into account in order to prevent isoantibody formation after eventual blood transfusions, or transient neonatal immune neutropenia in children born to women with the "null" phenotype.Fil: Riera Cervantes, Norma Edith. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Medicina Experimental. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Rosso Saltó, Marisa. Asociación Española Primera Socorros Mutuos Montevideo; UruguayFil: Canalejo, Katia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Medicina Experimental. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Felippo, Marta Elena. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Medicina Experimental. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Arrossagaray, Guillermo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Medicina Experimental. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Aixala, Mónica. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Medicina Experimental. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Bracco, María M. de E.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Medicina Experimental. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Medicina Experimental; Argentin

Common Variable Immunodeficiency and Circulating TFH

CD4+ T follicular helper cells (TFH) were assessed in adult patients with common variable immune deficiency (CVID) classified according to the presence of granulomatous disease (GD), autoimmunity (AI), or both GD and AI (Group I) or the absence of AI and GD (Group II). TFH lymphocytes were characterized by expression of CXCR5 and PD-1. TFH were higher (in both absolute number and percentage) in Group I than in Group II CVID patients and normal controls (N). Within CXCR5+CD4+ T cells, the percentage of PD-1 (+) was higher and that of CCR7 (+) was lower in Group I than in Group II and N. The percentages of Treg and TFH reg were similar in both CVID groups and in N. TFH responded to stimulation increasing the expression of the costimulatory molecules CD40L and ICOS as did N. After submitogenic PHA+IL-2 stimulation, intracellular expression of TFH cytokines (IL-10, IL-21) was higher than N in Group I, and IL-4 was higher than N in Group II. These results suggest that TFH are functional in CVID and highlight the association of increased circulating TFH with AI and GD manifestations

A flow cytometry evaluation of anti-FVIII antibodies: Correlation with ELISA and Bethesda assay

In this study, we describe a flow cytometry (FC) system for detecting antibodies to factor VIII (FVIII) and compare its results with those of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) that detects both inhibitory (I-Ab) and non-inhibitory (NI-Ab) antibodies and the Nijmegen modification of the Bethesda method, detecting I-Ab. FC was set up in our laboratory. Recombinant FVIII (rFVIII) was coupled to microspheres (FVIII-m) and reacted with different plasma dilutions. Microspheres without rFVIII were used as control (control-m). Captured anti-FVIII antibodies were detected using anti-human IgG. Plasma samples from the following patients with severe haemophilia A (SHA) patients were evaluated: 17 P (patients without I-Ab, <0.5BUmL-1); 13 PI (patients with I-Ab, 1.1-8200BUmL-1). Of these 13, two PI were referred during immune tolerance induction (ITI), and plasmas from 12 healthy donors (HD) were evaluated. Semiquantitative results were given as an index (the highest mean fluorescence intensity ratio between FVIII-m and control-m multiplied by the inverse of the corresponding plasma dilution). Both plasma and serum were suitable for the test. FC agreed with the Bethesda method (r=0.8; P=0.0001). FC and ELISA had 80% of coincidence. Four of 17 patients (23.5%) had NI-Ab by FC, and two of them developed high levels of I-Ab later on. This test provides a useful alternative for measuring FVIII antibodies supplementing Bethesda assay. FC is fast and easy to perform. No more than 200μL of plasma or serum is required especially making it useful for paediatric patients. © 2010 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.Fil: Irigoyen, María Belén. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Primiani, L.. Fundación Argentina de Hemofilia; ArgentinaFil: Felippo, Marta Elena. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Candela, M.. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Perez Bianco, R.. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: De Bracco, M. M. DE E.. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Galassi, Nora Virginia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires; Argentin

Increased lymphocyte viability after non-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) culture in patients with X-linked lymphoproliferative disease (XLP)

Survival of lymphocytes after prolonged culture was studied in two asymptomatic XLP patients. Viability of XLP PBMC after 30 days of non-stimulated culture was higher than that of normal controls (N), mainly due to the persistence of CD8 memory lymphocytes. IFNγ high CD8 T lymphocytes remained higher in XLP than in N after 30 days. The number of perforin+ CD8 lymphocytes was markedly reduced after 30 days in XLP and in N. Increased viability was not related to CD127, PD-1, CD27, or CD62L expression. Concerning B lymphocytes, memory CD27+ CD19+ cells prevailed over CD27- cells after 30 days in both XLP and N, with far more surviving cells in XLP. In N, few CD19+ B lymphocytes were viable after prolonged culture. In XLP, these cells were also IgD+, IgM+ and EBNA2+. These results demonstrate that IFNγ-positive memory CD8 T cells persist in XLP after prolonged culture in association with a subset of viable memory CD27+ B cells expressing latent EBV antigens. The survival advantage of XLP cells might be related to increased frequency of extranodal lymphoma in XLP patients. © 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Fil: Belmonte de Zalar, Liliana Elizabeth. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Parodi Ramoneda, Cecilia María. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Bastón, Mariela Constanza. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Coraglia, Ana Carina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Felippo, Marta Elena. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Baré, Patricia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Malbrán, Alejandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Hospital Británico de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Ruibal- res, Beatriz. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: González Bracco, María de las Mercedes. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires; Argentin