Predação por Podisus nigrispinus (Heteroptera: pentatomidae) sob efeito da densidade de Alabama argillacea (Lepidoptera: noctuidae) e idades do algodoeiro.

Neste estudo, avaliou-se a capacidade de predação de ninfas de quinto instar e fêmeas adultas de Podisus nigrispinus (Dallas) sobre lagartas de terceiro instar do curuquerê-do-algodoeiro Alabama argillacea (Hüebner), em baixa e alta infestação (uma ou três lagartas por planta) e em três idades do algodoeiro (20, 40 e 60 dias de idade após emergência - DAE)

Retour d'expérience sur les bassins d'orage en réseau unitaire: une solution pour limiter les rejets de temps de pluie

International audienceLe développement des systèmes d'assainissement s'appuie souvent sur des structures construites il y a plusieurs décennies. Ces systèmes font face à une augmentation des niveaux d'exigence qui leur sont assignés. Dans le viseur de l'arrêté de 2015 notamment, les performances par temps de pluie des systèmes de collecte. Un retour d'expériences sur les bassins d'orage mené par le Cerema fait le point sur les interrogations et les solutions trouvées par les gestionnaires. CONTEXTE DE L'ETUDE En collaboration avec l'AFB, le GEMCEA, le Ministère de la transition écologique et solidaire et les Agences de l'eau, le Cerema a réalisé un vaste retour d'expériences sur les bassins d'orage implantés sur les réseaux d'assainissement unitaires. L'objet de ce retour d'expériences était de voir, sur le terrain, comment les gestionnaires/exploitants avaient eu recours à cette technique pour optimiser le fonctionnement de leur système, notamment par temps de pluie, et de collecter des informations techniques et financières quant au fonctionnement, à la conception, au dimensionnement de ce type d'ouvrages. A travers une recherche bibliographique et de nombreux entretiens réalisés auprès de 17 maîtres d'ouvrage/exploitants, ce travail a aussi permis indirectement de recueillir les témoignages des personnes interrogées quant aux enjeux et aux problématiques auxquelles les services peuvent être confrontés, aux difficultés techniques rencontrées, souvent liées à leur contexte local, et à la façon dont les collectivités ont cherché à y remédier notamment par la construction de bassins d'orage. Le projet ayant débuté au 2nd semestre 2013 et s'étant terminé en 2018, nous avons ainsi pu être les témoins, un peu malgré nous, des interrogations des différents acteurs vis-à-vis des évolutions de la réglementation en matière d'assainissement : autosurveillance, diagnostic permanent, choix du critère de conformité du système de collecte, … ainsi que des conséquences des lois NOTRe 5 et MAPTAM 6 sur la répartition des compétences à court et moyen termes. Cette communication fait volontairement le choix de se focaliser sur les éléments recueillis qui concernent les enjeux et opportunités de l'autosurveillance et du diagnostic permanent, les démarches mises en place par les gestionnaires pour optimiser le fonctionnement de leur système et répondre aux nouveaux critères de conformité fixés par l'arrêté de 2015

Medulloblastomas overexpress the p53-inactivating oncogene WIP1/PPM1D

Medulloblastoma is the most common malignant brain tumor of childhood. Despite numerous advances, clinical challenges range from recurrent and progressive disease to long-term toxicities in survivors. The lack of more effective, less toxic therapies results from our limited understanding of medulloblastoma growth. Although TP53 is the most commonly altered gene in cancers, it is rarely mutated in medulloblastoma. Accumulating evidence, however, indicates that TP53 pathways are disrupted in medulloblastoma. Wild-typep53-induced phosphatase 1 (WIP1 or PPM1D) encodes a negative regulator of p53. WIP1 amplification (17q22-q23) and its overexpression have been reported in diverse cancer types. We examined primary medulloblastoma specimens and cell lines, and detected WIP1 copy gain and amplification prevalent among but not exclusively in the tumors with 17q gain and isochromosome 17q (i17q), which are among the most common cytogenetic lesions in medulloblastoma. WIP1 RNA levels were significantly higher in the tumors with 17q gain or i17q. Immunoblots confirmed significant WIP1 protein in primary tumors, generally higher in those with 17q gain or i17q. Under basal growth conditions and in response to the chemotherapeutic agent, etoposide, WIP1 antagonized p53-mediated apoptosis in medulloblastoma cell lines. These results indicate that medulloblastoma express significant levels of WIP1 that modulate genotoxic responsiveness by negatively regulating p53

Comprehensive evaluation of methods to assess overall and cell-specific immune infiltrates in breast cancer

Background: Breast cancer (BC) immune infiltrates play a critical role in tumor progression and response to treatment. Besides stromal tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (sTILs) which have recently reached level 1B evidence as a prognostic marker in triple negative BC, a plethora of methods to assess immune infiltration exists, and it is unclear how these compare to each other and if they can be used interchangeably. Methods: Two experienced pathologists scored sTIL, intra-tumoral TIL (itTIL), and 6 immune cell types (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD20+, CD68+, FOXP3+) in the International Cancer Genomics Consortium breast cancer cohort using hematoxylin and eosin-stained (n = 243) and immunohistochemistry-stained tissue microarrays (n = 254) and whole slides (n = 82). The same traits were evaluated using transcriptomic- and methylomic-based deconvolution methods or signatures. Results: The concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) between pathologists for sTIL was very good (0.84) and for cell-specific immune infiltrates slightly lower (0.63-0.66). Comparison between tissue microarray and whole slide pathology scores revealed systematically higher values in whole slides (ratio 2.60-5.98). The Spearman correlations between microscopic sTIL and transcriptomic- or methylomic-based assessment of immune infilt

Percepções climáticas na Terra Indígena Kaxinawá Nova Olinda e cenários topotérmicos de mudanças climáticas, Acre - Amazônia brasileira.

O objetivo neste trabalho foi avaliar as percepções climáticas de moradores na Terra Indígena Kaxinawá Nova Olinda (TIKNO) para subsidiar estratégias de decisão quanto às potencialidades e vulnerabilidades em cenários de mudanças climáticas na área de influência desse território, no estado do Acre. Foram realizadas atividades de campo e em laboratório, como o tratamento de análise de dados climáticos. Fez-se pesquisa de campo para coleta de dados usando sensores térmico-hídricos, realização de diagnósticos com termografia no infravermelho próximo, atividades integradoras para obtenção de percepções pela população indígena, tendo como tema questões relacionadas aos saberes locais quanto à importância do clima nas atividades cotidianas na TIKNO. Rodadas de conversas, oficinas e compartilhamento de conhecimentos foram técnicas adotadas para extração da percepção de clima e tempo e da vida na terra indígena. Entre os resultados apresenta-se a mandala como um projeto de vida para orientação diária. Para os Kaxinawá, o fenômeno da friagem, que ocorre, dominantemente, entre os meses de maio e junho, durava cerca de 1 semana, mas, nos últimos anos, mantém-se em torno de 2 dias com baixas temperaturas. Os cenários topotérmicos otimistas e pessimistas apontaram que a parte noroeste será a mais impactada em 100 anos. The objective of this work was to evaluate perceptions of the climate as related by inhabitants of the Kaxinawá Nova Olinda Indigenous Lands (TIKNO) in order to create strategies for decision-making related to potential vulnerability due to scenarios of climate change in this territory in the state of Acre. Fieldwork was done and climatic data analysis was conducted in a laboratory. Data were collected in the field using thermo-hydraulic sensors and infrared thermography diagnosis which represents an integrated method to obtain perceptions of how questions related to local knowledge with respect to the importance of climate in daily activities in the TIKNO. Conversation roundtables, workshops and exchange of knowledge were techniques adopted to extract the perception of climate and time in the life in the TIKNO. Among the results, the mandala was presented as a project that can organize daily life. For the Kaxinawá, the chilly period usually occurs between May and June and lasts for about a week, but during the last few years this period has not been longer than two days with low temperatures. Optimistic and pessimistic topothermic scenarios show that the northeastern part of this area will be the most impacted in 100 years.bitstream/item/221504/1/27102.pd

Remote magnetic versus manual catheters: evaluation of ablation effect in atrial fibrillation by myocardial marker levels

Background A remote magnetic navigation (MN) system is available for radiofrequency ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF), challenging the conventional manual ablation technique. The myocardial markers were measured to compare the effects of the two types of MN catheters with those of a manual-irrigated catheter in AF ablation. Methods AF patients underwent an ablation procedure using either a conventional manual-irrigated catheter (CIR, n=65) or an MN system utilizing either an irrigated (RMI, n=23) or non-irrigated catheter (RMN, n=26). Levels of troponin T (TnT) and the cardiac isoform of creatin kinase (CKMB) were measured before and after ablation. Results Mean procedure times and total ablation times were longer employing the remote magnetic system. In all groups, there were pronounced increases in markers of myocardial injury after ablation, demonstrating a significant correlation between total ablation time and post-ablation levels of TnT and CKMB (CIR r=0.61 and 0.53, p<0.001; RMI r=0.74 and 0.73, p<0.001; and RMN r=0.51 and 0.59, p<0.01). Time-corrected release of TnT was significantly higher in the CIR group than in the other groups. Of the patients, 59.6% were free from AF at follow-up (12.2± 5.4 months) and there were no differences in success rate between the three groups. Conclusions Remote magnetic catheters may create more discrete and predictable ablation lesions measured by myocardial enzymes and may require longer total ablation time to reach the procedural endpoints. Remote magnetic non-irrigated catheters do not appear to be inferior to magnetic irrigated catheters in terms of myocardial enzyme release and clinical outcome

Medulloblastoma outcome is adversely associated with overexpression of EEF1D, RPL30, and RPS20 on the long arm of chromosome 8

BACKGROUND: Medulloblastoma is the most common malignant brain tumor of childhood. Improvements in clinical outcome require a better understanding of the genetic alterations to identify clinically significant biological factors and to stratify patients accordingly. In the present study, we applied cytogenetic characterization to guide the identification of biologically significant genes from gene expression microarray profiles of medulloblastoma. METHODS: We analyzed 71 primary medulloblastomas for chromosomal copy number aberrations (CNAs) using comparative genomic hybridization (CGH). Among 64 tumors that we previously analyzed by gene expression microarrays, 27 were included in our CGH series. We analyzed clinical outcome with respect to CNAs and microarray results. We filtered microarray data using specific CNAs to detect differentially expressed candidate genes associated with survival. RESULTS: The most frequent lesions detected in our series involved chromosome 17; loss of 16q, 10q, or 8p; and gain of 7q or 2p. Recurrent amplifications at 2p23-p24, 2q14, 7q34, and 12p13 were also observed. Gain of 8q is associated with worse overall survival (p = 0.0141), which is not entirely attributable to MYC amplification or overexpression. By applying CGH results to gene expression analysis of medulloblastoma, we identified three 8q-mapped genes that are associated with overall survival in the larger group of 64 patients (p < 0.05): eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1D (EEF1D), ribosomal protein L30 (RPL30), and ribosomal protein S20 (RPS20). CONCLUSION: The complementary use of CGH and expression profiles can facilitate the identification of clinically significant candidate genes involved in medulloblastoma growth. We demonstrate that gain of 8q and expression levels of three 8q-mapped candidate genes (EEF1D, RPL30, RPS20) are associated with adverse outcome in medulloblastoma