Dimensions of Equality: Doctrines of Limitation

America can be justifiably proud of the enormous strides its legal system has made since the end of World War II in identifying and vindicating equality rights under the U.S. Constitution. The 1954 decision in Brown v. Board of Education, striking down the separate-but-equal doctrine in public education, provided the inspiration and the doctrinal basis for racial minorities, women, aliens, children born out of wedlock, the disabled, and the poor to pursue their claims for evenhanded treatment in the courts. We also have seen greater judicial protection of equality in the exercise of rights guaranteed by the first amendment to the Constitution, such as freedom of religion, speech, and the press. For all this progress, however, the Supreme Court has over the last two decades embraced doctrines of limitation that severely constrain the ability of equality claims to get a judicial hearing and to receive vindication. These doctrines raise serious questions as to whether the federal court system can be looked to in the future for meaningful protection of equality rights. It is to a brief discussion of a few of these doctrines-state action, discriminatory intent, and federalism-that I would like to turn

Solicitors General Panel on the Legacy of the Rehnquist Court

All of us who are speaking probably share the same giddy feeling in front of a microphone with no red light. For years, my daughter told people that the greatest threat to Western civilization was her father at a podium without a red light. Before becoming Solicitor General, I spent my career as a trial lawyer, arguing only a few appeals. I found this red light tradition a little peculiar. More often than not, timers and lights in courts of appeals are viewed as advisory at best. I\u27ve had arguments where ten minutes were allocated per side, and yet argument extended until the afternoon. In another case that allocated ninety minutes per side and began at nine o\u27clock, we didn\u27t actually finish until four o\u27clock in the afternoon. So coming into the SG\u27s office, my view about the red light was, well, perhaps it shows your time has nominally expired, but undoubtedly the Justices will have other questions. And in any event, I might want to take a few extra minutes to address additional points. That was so wrong. The red light ended everything-absolutely everything-and not just for the advocates; it also ended the questioning of the Associate Justices. The Chief Justice was an equal opportunity cutter-offer. On many occasions, he cut off oral argument when a Justice was at the outset of a question he or she had been trying to get out in the open oral combat that was advocacy in the Supreme Court of Chief Justice Rehnquist

Brown Blues: Rethinking the Integrative Ideal

Thirty-eight years have passed since the Supreme Court\u27s Brown v. Board of Education decision declaring unconstitutional stateimposed segregation of public schools. One would have thought that by now American society would have arrived at a consensus with respect to the substance and scope of Brown. The truth is otherwise. Even in the education sector of our national life that Brown specifically addressed, deep differences remain over what changes that decision was designed to effect

Rex E. Lee Conference on the Office of the Solicitor General of the United States: Panel for Former Solicitors General

I agree entirely that the chain of command is clear and that the Framers managed to make it all the way through all the articles of the Constitution without even conceiving of a solicitor general, let alone bothering to mention an attorney general. It is important nonetheless to distinguish between those things the solicitor general does pursuant to the longstanding notice-and-comment regulation, and the other things a solicitor general may do pursuant to his (and, someday, her!) statutory obligation to be of general assistance to the attorney general

Lime Treated

products Statements addressing origin, composition and manufacturer of all materials and product

Awareness of the Use of Self in Therapy: An Autoethnographic Inquiry into the Training Experiences of a Black, Single, Female MFT Doctoral Student

The self of the therapist is an essential factor in the therapeutic process (Baldwin, 2000) and is impacted by intersections of identities and prejudicial treatment, which creates unjust conditions for Black women in society and academia. Nonmembers of the predominant culture can find difficulties in navigating the self of the therapist, which reflects personal and social experiences. In academia, the Black woman\u27s identity continues to face problems of exclusion and oppressive related situations, which can complicate the learning process (Ong, Wright, Espinosa, & Orfield, 2011). Several studies have explored the challenges ofAfrican-American students and faculty, in MFT graduate programs, who face cultural, racial, and recruitment issues (Wilson & Stith, 1993) as well as underrepresentation as professors (Harris-McKoy, Gutierrez, Strachan & Winley, 2017). The purpose of this study is to explore self complexities that impact individuality and professional development, as a therapist of color, and to understand the critical role of the use of self intherapy training settings. Writing an autoethnographic inquiry on my personal experiences while training as a Black, single, female MFT doctoral student address identity struggles, core issues, and theinterconnected nature of sociocultural factors that overlap with identities. This study is written from a feminist informed perspective, which recognizes unjust treatment of marginalized populations (Reinhart, 1992) and provides a way of writing that reflects my version of reality in society and academia, as a Black woman. The thematic analysis presents five categories and occurring themes that gives context to my lived experiences, personally and professionally, are embedded, shaped, and essentially defined

Salad Days, 1982

1982 Menu from the salad bar, Salad Days, in the Market Street Market (164 Middle Street). The Market was a mini-mall in the Old Port, from 1979-1983. Photographs of Salad Days taken in 1980 can be seen at this link.https://digitalcommons.portlandlibrary.com/menus/1050/thumbnail.jp

Firefighter Problem Played on Infinite Graphs

The Firefighter Problem was introduced over 30 years ago and continues to be studied by researchers today. The problem consists of a graph of interest where a fire breaks out at time t = 0 on any given vertex of thegraph G. The player, then, gets to place a firefighter to “protect” a vertex from the fire. Each consecutive turn,the fire spreads to adjacent vertices. These vertices are then referred to as “burned”. The firefighter also gets tomove to protect an additional, unburned vertex, completing the first round. Each vertex that the firefighter “defends” stays protected for the remainder of the game. The game ends when the fire cannot move to anyadjacent vertices. This game can be used to solve real world problems. For example, we can model the spread ofdiseases in a community or the spread of a wildfire using the Firefighter Problem. There are many known resultsfor the Firefighter Problem on finite graphs. In this project, we study the Firefighter Problem on infinitegraphs, with the goal of expanding on known results. We are exploring various infinite grids by imposing the additional requirement that firefighters can only move to adjacent, unburned vertices

Charro Days letter expressing thanks for support from Kenneth Faxon, 1940-02-09

https://scholarworks.utrgv.edu/lucytijerinadoc/1003/thumbnail.jp