Cyclo­hexa­nespiro-2′-[2′,3′,6′,7′-tetra­hydro-1′H-cyclo­penta­[d]pyrimidin]-4′(5′H)-one

The title compound, C12H18N2O, was synthesized by the reaction of cyclo­hexa­none and 2-amino­cyclo­pent-1-enecarbonitrile. In the mol­ecule of the title compound, the six-carbon ring displays a chair conformation, the six-membered 1,3-diaza ring and the cyclo­pentene ring both assume envelope conformations. Supra­molecular aggregation is achieved by N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds

2,2,7-Trimethyl-2,3-dihydro­quinazolin-4(1H)-one

There are two independent mol­ecules in the the asymmetric unit of the title compound, C11H14N2O. The heterocyclic ring of the bicyclic system has a sofa conformation, with the C atom bearing the two methyl groups displaced by 0.541 (7) Å from the rest of the atoms of the ring [planar to within 0.064 (9) Å]. Mol­ecules are linked into centrosymmetric dimers via N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds

Probing the Buried Magnetic Interfaces

Understanding magnetism in ferromagnetic metal/semiconductor (FM/SC) heterostructures is important to the development of the new-generation spin field-effect transistor. Here, we report an element-specific X-ray magnetic circular dichroism study of the interfacial magnetic moments for two FM/SC model systems, namely, Co/GaAs and Ni/GaAs, which was enabled using a specially designed FM₁/FM₂/SC superstructure. We observed a robust room temperature magnetization of the interfacial Co, while that of the interfacial Ni was strongly diminished down to 5 K because of hybridization of the Ni d­(e_g) and GaAs sp³ states. The validity of the selected method was confirmed by <i>first-principles</i> calculations, showing only small deviations (<0.02 and <0.07 μ_B/atom for Co/GaAs and Ni/GaAs, respectively) compared to the real FM/SC interfaces. Our work proved that the electronic structure and magnetic ground state of the interfacial FM₂ is not altered when the topmost FM₂ is replaced by FM₁ and that this model is applicable generally for probing the buried magnetic interfaces in the advanced spintronic materials.

Generation and Comprehensive Analysis of Host Cell Interactome of the PA Protein of the Highly Pathogenic H5N1 Avian Influenza Virus in Mammalian Cells

Accumulating data have identified the important roles of PA protein in replication and pathogenicity of influenza A virus (IAV). Identification of host factors that interact with the PA protein may accelerate our understanding of IAV pathogenesis. In this study, using immunoprecipitation assay combined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, we identified 278 human cellular proteins that might interact with PA of H5N1 IAV. Gene Ontology annotation revealed that the identified proteins are highly associated with viral translation and replication. Further KEGG pathway analysis of the interactome profile highlighted cellular pathways associated with translation, infectious disease, and signal transduction. In addition, Diseases and Functions analysis suggested that these cellular proteins are highly related with Organismal Injury and Abnormalities and Cell Death and Survival. Moreover, two cellular proteins (nucleolin and eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1-alpha 1) identified both in this study and others were further validated to interact with PA using co-immunoprecipitation and co-localization assays. Therefore, this study presented the interactome data of H5N1 IAV PA protein in human cells which may provide novel cellular target proteins for elucidating the potential molecular functions of PA in regulating the lifecycle of IAV in human cells

Yuan shi shi zu biao.

Mode of access: Internet

Dan zhe quan ji.

Mode of access: Internet

Cigarette smoke extract induces migration of rat vascular smooth muscle cells through regulation of expressions of MOB2 and LATS1

Purpose: To study the impact of cigarette smoke extract (CSE) on the migratory capacity of rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), and the likely mechanism of action involved. Methods: Rat VSMCs were exposed to varying concentrations of CSE. The migration capacity of the cells was determined by Transwell migration assay and scratch test. Protein and RNA expression levels of LATS1 (large tumor suppressor kinase 1) and MOB2 (monopolar spindle-one-binder protein 2) were assayed using immunoblotting and quantitative real-time-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), respectively. Results: The results showed that within a certain concentration range, the migratory capacity of VSMCs increased as the concentration of CSE increased (p &lt; 0.05). In contrast, the protein and RNA expressions of LATS1 and MOB2 were negatively correlated with CSE concentrations (p &lt; 0.05). Conclusion: CSE promotes abnormal migration of rat VSMCs by inhibiting the expressions of LATS1 and MOB2 associated with Hippo signaling pathway. Thus, smoking may induce vascular remodeling and cardiovascular events via this mechanism

Mining query subtopics from search log data

Most queries in web search are ambiguous and multifaceted. Identifying the major senses and facets of queries from search log data, referred to as query subtopic mining in this paper, is a very important issue in web search. Through search log analysis, we show that there are two interesting phenomena of user behavior that can be leveraged to identify query subtopics, referred to as ‘one subtopic per search ’ and ‘subtopic clarification by keyword’. One subtopic per search means that if a user clicks multiple URLs in one query, then the clicked URLs tend to represent the same sense or facet