52,379 research outputs found
Vacuum Decay on a Brane World
The bubble nucleation rate for a first order phase transition occurring on a
brane world is calculated. Both the Coleman-de Luccia thin wall instanton and
the Hawking-Moss instanton are considered. The results are compared with the
corresponding nucleation rates for standard four-dimensional gravity.Comment: 5 page
Integrity bases for local invariants of composite quantum systems
Unitary group branchings appropriate to the calculation of local invariants
of density matrices of composite quantum systems are formulated using the
method of -function plethysms. From this, the generating function for the
number of invariants at each degree in the density matrix can be computed. For
the case of two two-level systems the generating function is . Factorisation of such series leads
in principle to the identification of an integrity basis of algebraically
independent invariants. This note replaces Appendix B of our paper\cite{us} J
Phys {\bf A33} (2000) 1895-1914 (\texttt{quant-ph/0001076}) which is incorrect.Comment: Latex, 4 pages, correcting Appendix B of quant-ph/0001076 Error in
corrected and conclusions modified accordingl
Ultraviolet television data from the Orbiting Astronomical Observatory. 1: Instrumentation and analysis techniques for the celescope experiment
The celescope instrumentation and data analysis system is described, the major problems encountered during orbital operation are summerized, and a few major problems that were anticipated but did not materialize are listed
Static and Dynamic Properties of Type-II Composite Fermion Wigner Crystals
The Wigner crystal of composite fermions is a strongly correlated state of
complex emergent particles, and therefore its unambiguous detection would be of
significant importance. Recent observation of optical resonances in the
vicinity of filling factor {\nu} = 1/3 has been interpreted as evidence for a
pinned Wigner crystal of composite fermions [Zhu et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 105,
126803 (2010)]. We evaluate in a microscopic theory the shear modulus and the
magnetophonon and magnetoplasmon dispersions of the composite fermion Wigner
crystal in the vicinity of filling factors 1/3, 2/5, and 3/7. We determine the
region of stability of the crystal phase, and also relate the frequency of its
pinning mode to that of the corresponding electron crystal near integer
fillings. These results are in good semiquantitative agreement with experiment,
and therefore support the identification of the optical resonance as the
pinning mode of the composite fermions Wigner crystal. Our calculations also
bring out certain puzzling features, such as a relatively small melting
temperature for the composite fermion Wigner crystal, and also suggest a higher
asymmetry between Wigner crystals of composite fermion particles and holes than
that observed experimentally.Comment: Composite Fermion Wigner Crystal; 14 pages, 9 figure
Exact asymptotic expansions for the cylindrical Poisson-Boltzmann equation
The mathematical theory of integrable Painleve/Toda type systems sheds new
light on the behavior of solutions to the Poisson-Boltzmann equation for the
potential due to a long rod-like macroion. We investigate here the case of
symmetric electrolytes together with that of 1:2 and 2:1 salts. Short and large
scale features are analyzed, with a particular emphasis on the low salinity
regime. Analytical expansions are derived for several quantities relevant for
polyelectrolytes theory, such as the Manning radius. In addition, accurate and
practical expressions are worked out for the electrostatic potential, which
improve upon previous work and cover the full range of radial distances
Review of Solar Neutrino Experiments
This paper reviews the constraints on the solar neutrino mixing parameters
with data collected by the Homestake, SAGE, GALLEX, Kamiokande,
SuperKamiokande, and SNO experiments. An emphasis will be given to the global
solar neutrino analyses in terms of matter-enhanced oscillation of two active
flavors. The results to-date, including both solar model dependent and
independent measurements, indicate that electron neutrinos are changing to
other active types on route to the Earth from the Sun. The total flux of solar
neutrinos is found to be in very good agreement with solar model calculations.
Future measurements will focus on greater accuracy for mixing parameters and on
better sensitivity to low neutrino energies.Comment: Prepared for the XXI International Symposium on Lepton and Photon
Interactions at High Energies, Fermilab, USA, 11-16 August 200
Degenerate Dirac Neutrinos
A simple extension of the standard model is proposed in which all the three
generations of neutrinos are Dirac particles and are naturally light. We then
assume that the neutrino mass matrix is diagonal and degenerate, with a few eV
mass to solve the dark matter problem. The self energy radiative corrections,
however, remove this degeneracy and allow mixing of these neutrinos. The
electroweak radiative corrections then predict a lower bound on the mass difference which solves the solar neutrino problem through MSW
mechanism and also predict a lower bound on the mass
difference which is just enough to explain the atmospheric neutrino problem as
reported by super Kamiokande.Comment: 11 pages latex fil
Long-Term Clustering, Scaling, and Universality in the Temporal Occurrence of Earthquakes
Scaling analysis reveals striking regularities in earthquake occurrence. The
time between any one earthquake and that following it is random, but it is
described by the same universal-probability distribution for any spatial region
and magnitude range considered. When time is expressed in rescaled units, set
by the averaged seismic activity, the self-similar nature of the process
becomes apparent. The form of the probability distribution reveals that
earthquakes tend to cluster in time, beyond the duration of aftershock
sequences. Furthermore, if aftershock sequences are analysed in an analogous
way, yet taking into account the fact that seismic activity is not constant but
decays in time, the same universal distribution is found for the rescaled time
between events.Comment: short paper, only 2 figure
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