The Reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act in a Republican-Controlled Congress: A View From the Bishops’ Conference

The Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA) of 1965, the largest single federal education program, is due to be reauthorized in 1999. ESEA is aimed at offering a variety of services to students and staff in public, private, and religious schools. For the first time, reauthorization will take place in a Congress with Republican majorities in both houses. The idea of the Republicans radically altering the program has been raised in many circles. This article addresses the purpose and history of ESEA as well as the prospects for any radical reshaping of the statute in the current reauthorization process

Levels or Differences in Meat Demand Specification

We estimated a wholesale demand system for beef, pork, lamb, chicken, and turkey using quarterly U.S. data and a dynamic, CBS system (Keller and Van Driel). The CBS system is a differential system, which means that it might be more appropriately applied in those situations where the data have unit roots. If there are unit roots, differencing the data can improve the properties of the estimates. If the data do not have unit roots, differencing the data might harm the properties of the estimates. We tested the specification of the model's error terms using state-space techniques. State-space units allow one to deal with roots on the unit circle without filtering the data (See Durbin and Koopman). The demand system has only four independent error terms. The state-space model we used could have decomposed these four independent error terms into four errors with unit roots and four with 0 roots. Adding state-space features to the model greatly improved its performance as measured by the likelihood ratio statistics. The estimates imply that the raw demand data have two unit roots and three 0 roots. Our mixed approach improves the properties of the estimates.Demand and Price Analysis,

Complements and Meat Demand in the U.S.

In this study we estimated the price elasticities among meats, vegetables, grains, and potatoes and the impact that different levels of income have on the demand for these commodities. The 2005 Nielsen retail home scan data were used to construct a censored demand system of 14 equations. Results revealed that the uncompensated cross-price elasticities for both low and high-incomes suggest both substitution and complement relationships, while the compensated price elasticities are dominated primarily by substitution relationships. Our findings also revealed that expenditure elasticities among both low and high-income households differ for most commodities.censored dependent variables, meats, poultry, fish, vegetables, sample selection model, two-step estimation, Demand and Price Analysis, Livestock Production/Industries, C25, D12, Q11,

The DC Choice Incentive Act of 2003: A Historic Moment for Children

Voucher programs have long endured intense legislative challenge and judicial scrutiny. This article details the recent history of a successful voucher implementation plan for the District of Columbia. The importance of a broad base of politically active and astute citizens, parents, religious leaders, and Federal legislators is highlighted. The success of the voucher program detailed here may serve as a model for other programs

The History of the Department of Photography & Cinema of The Ohio State University

Prepared for the Centennial of The Ohio State University

Students’ Perceptions of Factors that Affect College Funding Decisions

This exploratory study examines the factors that college students perceive are important in helping them make good financial decisions about paying for a college education. The study categorizes and summarizes students\u27 self-reported responses to an openended survey question about recommendations for changes in financial aid counseling practices. The 335 student responses had a recurring theme of better information provided through individual counseling sessions

Continuously tunable modulation scheme for precision control of optical cavities with variable detuning

We present a scheme for locking optical cavities with arbitrary detuning by many linewidths from resonance using an electro-optic modulator that can provide arbitrary ratios of amplitude-to-phase modulation. We demonstrate our scheme on a Fabry–Perot cavity, and show that a well-behaved linear error signal can be obtained by demodulating the reflected light from a cavity that is detuned by several linewidths.National Science Foundation (U.S.) (PHY-0757058