Comparative Job Skill Development Initiatives in Northwest Arkansas and Barcelona

Social innovation strategies are being used around the world to create new avenues to meet the social needs of people that can vary from lack of jobs or food to deforestation and loss of wildlife. In the past, simple donations and corporate programs have made an impact, but there is a new way of creating sustainable and profitable impact through newly introduced strategies that consider society as a whole and allow the perceived obstacle to work as a solution. It is important to first note what social innovation is. Social innovation is the restructuring of philanthropic endeavors by creating sustainable solutions that create an impact or awareness of an issue through productive and unique initiatives. Although Social Innovation can be described and analyzed in many ways, I have found that the organizations I will be analyzing in this study fit this definition in almost every detail. Looking at organizations and businesses as more than a way to make profit, but rather ensure that the community it becoming a better place, is at the core of social innovation and these organizations. This study will look at the best practices amongst these two organizations as a comparison with learning opportunities within each. Some may see social innovation through a different lense that may include profit or larger scale endeavors, but social innovation can be defined in many ways. These organizations are amongst many that work to make the community they reside in a better place to live

Lactation Benefits, Experiences, and Education in Bereaved Mothers: A Literature Review

Abstract Background: Parents who lose an infant through miscarriage, elective termination, or stillbirth experience perinatal bereavement (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2022). A bereaved mother’s grief could be influenced by lactation as most will still experience lactation regardless of their loss. Generally, these women are solely taught to suppress their milk production, oftentimes resulting in discomfort, leakage, clogged ducts, and even mastitis (Carroll et al., 2020). To prevent adverse effects, bereaved mothers need a comprehensive list of options and education regarding lactation including donation, expression, and suppression. Bereaved mothers\u27 lactation experiences, education, and benefits are vital areas to be studied, understood, and promoted. Purpose: The purpose of this literature review was to explore published literature containing information on lactation benefits, experiences, and education in bereaved mothers. Methods: Three scholarly databases, Google Scholar, EBSCOHost, and the National Library of Medicine, were searched for appropriate literature. The literature review included 15 peer-reviewed articles that pertain to bereaved mothers\u27 lactation experiences, education, and benefits. Results: The benefits of lactation for bereaved mothers can directly affect them through their physical and mental health or indirectly affect others through donation. The experiences bereaved mothers have regarding lactation are unique but present uniform themes that lactation can promote healing and well-being. Lactation education for bereaved mothers should include suppression, expression, and donation options. Discussion: Tiny Tusk Breastfeeding and Infant Support program and the UAMS Milk Bank help fill the gap in lactation education and services for bereaved mothers. Lactation benefits, experiences, and the need for education in bereaved mothers represents a gap in literature. Additional research is needed to identify areas for improvement and support bereaved mothers with lactation

Lactation Benefits, Experiences, and Education in Bereaved Mothers: A Literature Review

Abstract Background: Parents who lose an infant through miscarriage, elective termination, or stillbirth experience perinatal bereavement (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2022). A bereaved mother’s grief could be influenced by lactation as most will still experience lactation regardless of their loss. Generally, these women are solely taught to suppress their milk production, oftentimes resulting in discomfort, leakage, clogged ducts, and even mastitis (Carroll et al., 2020). To prevent adverse effects, bereaved mothers need a comprehensive list of options and education regarding lactation including donation, expression, and suppression. Bereaved mothers\u27 lactation experiences, education, and benefits are vital areas to be studied, understood, and promoted. Purpose: The purpose of this literature review was to explore published literature containing information on lactation benefits, experiences, and education in bereaved mothers. Methods: Three scholarly databases, Google Scholar, EBSCOHost, and the National Library of Medicine, were searched for appropriate literature. The literature review included 15 peer-reviewed articles that pertain to bereaved mothers\u27 lactation experiences, education, and benefits. Results: The benefits of lactation for bereaved mothers can directly affect them through their physical and mental health or indirectly affect others through donation. The experiences bereaved mothers have regarding lactation are unique but present uniform themes that lactation can promote healing and well-being. Lactation education for bereaved mothers should include suppression, expression, and donation options. Discussion: Tiny Tusk Breastfeeding and Infant Support program and the UAMS Milk Bank help fill the gap in lactation education and services for bereaved mothers. Lactation benefits, experiences, and the need for education in bereaved mothers represents a gap in literature. Additional research is needed to identify areas for improvement and support bereaved mothers with lactation

Implementing In-Line Speaking Valves During Mechanical Ventilation

The Passy Muir Valve (PMV) is a one-way speaking valve that allows a patient with a tracheostomy to inspire through the trach tube and exhale through the upper airway and vocal cords. The PMV provides opportunity for increased communication for respiratory patients, decreasing psycho-emotional distress and increasing overall quality of life while the tracheostomy is placed. Additionally, the PMV also improves secretion management and swallowing leading to a reduced risk of aspiration. While it is common to delay intervention until a patient is no longer using mechanical ventilation, a review of literature has indicated benefits to initiating PMV intervention prior to ventilator weaning. A PMV may be placed in-line during mechanical ventilation with the proper knowledge and support from the patient’s respiratory team. By placing a PMV in-line during mechanical ventilation, a patient may experience benefits during the ventilator weaning process and rehabilitation. Beginning early PMV trails provides opportunities for improving overall communication, swallow function, and respiratory status. This session will provide an overview of the mechanisms, inclusionary criteria, procedures, and outcomes of implementing in-line speaking valves during mechanical ventilation.https://griffinshare.fontbonne.edu/slp-posters-2023/1015/thumbnail.jp

The Devil Doesn\u27t Know What You\u27re Thinking: Book Proposal

Research is a mode of storytelling and throughout my research of Queer-Christianity, I learned that I was using qualitative methodology to find direction in navigating my personal story. I have unlocked my written voice to present a book proposal that opens the door to my experiences growing up in the Foursquare Church, a controversial denomination. My book confronts mental health, sexuality, spiritual development, and growing up saturated by conservative thought. Join me in celebrating the reclamation of my experiences by reading The Devil Doesn’t Know What You’re Thinking. The creative work is founded on autoethnography, an Anthropological methodology

Statistics and Biomechanics: An Interdisciplinary Evaluation of the Mathematical, Practical, and Athletic Applications of Principal Component Analysis

Excerpt from Introduction Coaches and athletes around the world are in constant pursuit of improving their athletic performance. For some, a routine amount of weight lifting, cardiovascular exercise, agilities and flexibility training with gradual advancement may be enough to see growth. However, many are not satisfied and turn to in-depth analyses of their techniques in order to measure their progress. After an intense workout or competition, coaches spend time breaking down athletic performances based on major movements. By compartmentalizing these activities, they can identify which motions are efficient and which ones hinder fluid motion. From this evaluation and discernment, athletes may then make training adjustments to enhance their performances

Pathogenesis of Tuberculous Meningitis

Tuberculous Meningitis (TBM) is the most severe form of tuberculosis, affecting >100,000 people/year (Wilkinson et al., 2017, Marais et al., 2011). TBM arises when Mycobacterium tuberculosis crosses the blood-brain barrier, causing severe inflammation and tissue damage (Davis et al., 2019b). Inflammation also initiates metabolic derangement, mediating neuronal injury despite treatment (Davis et al., 2019b, Rohlwink et al., 2019, Rohlwink et al., 2017). In HIV-1 coinfection, TBM mortality is reported to be as high as 50% (Marais et al., 2011). Half of TBM survivors are affected by neurological disability (Thwaites et al., 2003). Thus, improved therapeutic strategies are needed, including targeted and nuanced modification of the injurious host inflammatory response. To develop these, we must understand the immune induced tissue damaging responses and metabolic disturbances contributing to brain damage which drive acute and long-term neurological complications. The goals of this PhD thesis were to investigate the safety of a novel drug regimen in HIV-associated TBM and through a series of nested sub-studies, understand pathogenic mechanisms of acute and long term neurological sequalae in TBM. Specifically, this thesis presents: i) A study protocol and results from a phase 2A randomised controlled trial of high dose rifampicin and adjunctive linezolid with and without aspirin in HIV-associated TBM ii) Results from a case-control study of cognitive and functional outcomes in HIV-associated TBM iiI) Results from a study investigating in vivo markers of brain injury in HIV-associated TBM via magnetic resonance spectroscopy iv) Results from a study investigating ex vivo markers of poor outcome via Luminex multiplex analysis of blood and cerebrospinal fluid. Given the timing of this PhD, this thesis also contains results of an observational case-control study to understand neurological complications of COVID-19 via systematic analysis of cerebrospinal fluid of patients presenting with neurological symptoms during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in South Africa. These results are included within the appendix of the thesis

Noise Exposure Trends Among Violating Coal Mines, 2000 to 2021

Noise-induced hearing loss has continued to be a significant issue within the mining industry, even after the passing of the MSHA’s improved noise standard in 2000. NIOSH has recognized that the noise standard enacted by both MSHA and OSHA does not properly protect workers with the 5 dBA exchange rate (i.e., the increase in noise level leading to a doubling of energy) and the lack of emphasizing the use of engineering controls over administrative controls and overreliance on hearing protection device usage. The primary objective of this study is to investigate statistical sound relationships between MSHA noise-related violations and samples and coal mine size and type, as well as occupation type. As such, MSHA noise samples and violations collected from violating coal mines from 2000 to 2021 are systematically analyzed for potential significant trends. All three predictors of interest demonstrate a statistically significant impact on measured TWA8 (i.e., a time-weighted average exposure to noise over 8 hours), with occupation type having the most significant impact. Despite the encouraging reduction of violating coal mines since 2000, median TWA8 measurements and peak noise exposures showed that miners are still at risk for hearing loss