Challenges and strategies of children and adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease: a qualitative examination

© 2007 Nicholas et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licens

The multiplicity of performance management systems:Heterogeneity in multinational corporations and management sense-making

This field study examines the workings of multiple performance measurement systems (PMSs) used within and between a division and Headquarters (HQ) of a large European corporation. We explore how multiple PMSs arose within the multinational corporation. We first provide a first‐order analysis which explains how managers make sense of the multiplicity and show how an organization's PMSs may be subject to competing processes for control that result in varied systems, all seemingly functioning, but with different rationales and effects. We then provide a second‐order analysis based on a sense‐making perspective that highlights the importance of retrospective understandings of the organization's history and the importance of various legitimacy expectations to different parts of the multinational. Finally, we emphasize the role of social skill in sense‐making that enables the persistence of multiple systems and the absence of overt tensions and conflict within organizations

The effect of accounting aggregation on decision-making performance : an experimental investigation

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Accounting for the Human Factor

No abstract available

Fecal Markers of Inflammation and Disease Activity in Paediatric Crohn's Disease : results from the ImageKids Study

Background: Noninvasive and accurate methods to monitor inflammatory bowel disease are required. As a planned ancillary study of the prospective ImageKids cohort, we aimed to assess the performance of fecal calprotectin (FC) with comparison to 3 fecal inflammatory markers; S100A12 (FA12), tumor pyruvate kinase isoenzyme type M2 (FM2PK) and fecal osteoprotegerin (FOPG) as indicators of a number of disease characteristics. Methods: The ImageKids study was a multicenter study designed to develop 2 magnetic resonance enterography–based measures for children with Crohn disease (6–18 years old). All patients underwent magnetic resonance enterography, a complete ileocolonoscopic evaluation and provided a fecal sample. Fecal samples were assay for FC, FA12, FM2PK, and FOPG by ELISA. Results: One-hundred fifty-six children provided 190 fecal samples. Median (interquartile range) for fecal makers were FC, 602 (181–1185) μg/g; FA12, 21 (3–109) μg/g; FM2PK, 16 (2–20) U/mL; and FOPG, 125 (125–312) μg/g. All markers correlated with simple endoscopic severity index for Crohn disease and with other constructs of disease activity, but FC had the highest overall correlations. FA12, however, predicted mucosal healing with significantly higher specificity (87% vs 70%, P = 0.004) and equivalent sensitivity (91% vs 90%) compared to FC. Conclusion: This study has confirmed that FC is useful, and overall best, marker to monitor mucosal inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease. FA12, however, appears to be a more suitable maker for prediction of mucosal healing in children

Fecal Markers of Inflammation and Disease Activity in Pediatric Crohn Disease: Results from the ImageKids Study

Background: Noninvasive and accurate methods to monitor inflammatory bowel disease are required. As a planned ancillary study of the prospective ImageKids cohort, we aimed to assess the performance of fecal calprotectin (FC) with comparison to 3 fecal inflammatory markers; S100A12 (FA12), tumor pyruvate kinase isoenzyme type M2 (FM2PK) and fecal osteoprotegerin (FOPG) as indicators of a number of disease characteristics. Methods: The ImageKids study was a multicenter study designed to develop 2 magnetic resonance enterography–based measures for children with Crohn disease (6–18 years old). All patients underwent magnetic resonance enterography, a complete ileocolonoscopic evaluation and provided a fecal sample. Fecal samples were assay for FC, FA12, FM2PK, and FOPG by ELISA. Results: One-hundred fifty-six children provided 190 fecal samples. Median (interquartile range) for fecal makers were FC, 602 (181–1185) μg/g; FA12, 21 (3–109) μg/g; FM2PK, 16 (2–20) U/mL; and FOPG, 125 (125–312) μg/g. All markers correlated with simple endoscopic severity index for Crohn disease and with other constructs of disease activity, but FC had the highest overall correlations. FA12, however, predicted mucosal healing with significantly higher specificity (87% vs 70%, P = 0.004) and equivalent sensitivity (91% vs 90%) compared to FC. Conclusion: This study has confirmed that FC is useful, and overall best, marker to monitor mucosal inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease. FA12, however, appears to be a more suitable maker for prediction of mucosal healing in children