Töörahulolu eripärad ametirühmade ja generatsioonide lõikes AS Estiko-Plastari näitel aastatel 2012-2016

The mortality curve for zebrafish exposed to DDVP for 96 h was determined in range finding studies. (PDF 813 kb

Q223L point mutation resulted in a constitutively active CT2 (CT2^CA).

<p><b>(A)</b> BODIPY-GTP assay for detecting the GTP-binding and GTPase activity of His-CT2 and His-CT2^CA proteins. Data are shown as means of four replicates and error bars represent S. D. <b>(B)</b> CT2^CA did not interact with a Gβγ dimer in a Y3H assay. Yeast growth on synthetic complete -Trp -Leu (-LW) medium confirmed transformation and cell viability. Interactions were assayed on SC -Trp -Leu -His (-LWH) medium supplemented with 1 mM 3-AT.</p

Expression of <i>CT2</i>^<i>CA</i><i>-mTFP1</i> partially complemented the vegetative growth of <i>ct2</i> mutants.

<p><b>(A)</b> The <i>CT2</i>^<i>CA</i><i>-mTFP1</i> construct in a native context of the <i>CT2</i> genomic region. <b>(B)</b> CT2^CA-mTFP1 was co-localized with FM4-64 on the plasma membrane, scale bar = 50 μm. Expression of <i>CT2</i>^<i>CA</i><i>-mTFP1</i> partially complemented the <i>ct2</i> dwarf phenotype <b>(C and F)</b>, the leaf length phenotype <b>(D and G)</b>, and the enlarged SAM size phenotype <b>(E and H)</b>, scale bar = 100 μm. NT, non-transgenic control. The raw values are shown in <b>(F-H)</b>, the horizontal black lines indicate the means, and the error bars represent 95% confidence intervals; for (<b>F and G</b>) n = 21, 28, 20, and 24, respectively; for (<b>H</b>) n = 20, 27, 18, and 20, respectively. Data were analyzed using ANOVA followed by the LSD test. The groups containing the same letter are not significantly different at the <i>p</i>-value of 0.05.</p

Knocking out <i>ZmXLGs</i> enhanced <i>ct2</i> phenotypes.

<p>Knocking out <i>ZmXLGs</i> in a <i>ct2</i> mutant background enhanced the dwarf phenotype <b>(A and B)</b> and increased SAM size <b>(C and D)</b>. Scale bars represent 10 cm <b>(A)</b> and 100 μm <b>(C</b>), respectively. Data were analyzed using ANOVA followed by the LSD test. ** means <i>p</i>-value < 0.01, *** means <i>p</i>-value < 0.001. The raw values are shown in <b>(B and D)</b>, the horizontal black lines indicate the means, and the error bars represent 95% confidence intervals; for <b>(B)</b> n = 31, 6, 18, and 7, respectively; for <b>(D)</b> n = 25, 8, 7, and 8, respectively.</p

Knocking out <i>ZmXLGs</i> led to developmental phenotypes.

<p><b>(A)</b> Generating lesions for <i>ZmXLGs</i> using CRISPR-Cas9. Red lines indicate the position of guide RNAs. 5’ and 3’-UTRs indicated in purple, exons indicated green, introns indicated by lines, and Gα domains are shaded. <b>(B)</b> <i>Zmxlg1;3a;b</i> triple mutants were lethal at the seedling stage. Scale bar = 5 cm. <b>(C and D)</b> Knocking out <i>ZmXLGs</i> reduced plant height, scale bar = 10 cm. Data were analyzed using ANOVA followed by the LSD test. ** means <i>p</i>-value < 0.01. The raw values are shown in <b>(D)</b>, the horizontal black lines indicate the means, and the error bars represent 95% confidence intervals; n = 29, 19, 33, and 12, respectively.</p

Expression of <i>CT2</i>^<i>CA</i><i>-mTFP1</i> enhanced agronomic traits.

<p>Expression of <i>CT2</i>^<i>CA</i><i>-mTFP1</i> in a <i>ct2</i> mutant background increased spikelet density (<b>A and B</b>), KRN <b>(C and D),</b> and ear inflorescence meristem (IM) size <b>(E and F)</b>. Expression of <i>CT2</i>^<i>CA</i><i>-mTFP1</i> in a <i>ct2</i> mutant background also significantly reduced the leaf angle <b>(G and H)</b>. The raw values are shown in <b>(B, D, F, H</b>), the horizontal black lines indicate the means, and the error bars represent 95% confidence intervals; for <b>(B)</b> n = 15, 27, 14, and 29, respectively; for <b>(D)</b> n = 7, 26, 13, and 28, respectively; for <b>(F)</b> n = 6, 7, 14, and 8, respectively; for <b>(H)</b> n = 11, 10, 16, and 14, respectively. Data were analyzed using ANOVA followed by the LSD test. The groups containing the same letter were not significantly different at the <i>p</i>-value of 0.05. NT, non-transgenic control.</p

Verification of Flare Forecasts at the Met Office Space Weather Operations Centre

Presentation at European Meteorological Society Annual Meeting, 2017 September 6, DCU, Dublin, Irelan

Close up view of filament formation at 8 hours (A) and 10 hours (B) post-infection showing the presence of bulbous termini at the end of some long filaments (C, D) and (G, H) indicated with a yellow box.

<p>Many filaments were also seen that did not show stronger fluorescence at their termini, indicating that they were probably not Archetti bodies (E, F orange boxes). See also <a href="http://www.plospathogens.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.ppat.1003413#ppat.1003413.s008" target="_blank">movie S1</a>.</p

RNP arrangement and other internal components in the various classes of virions.

<p>(A) Transverse sections through bacilliform particles revealed the characteristic arrangement of RNPs. (B) Longitudinal section of the particle in (A) showed three RNPs lying side-by-side. (C) Such views were commonly observed with particles oriented parallel to the ice layer and transverse sections through these particles (D) showed the 7+1 arrangement of RNPs. (E, F) Longer bacilliform particles had RNPs at one end while longer filaments (G) were sometimes sparsely packed but more frequently contained fibrillar material along their entire length (longitudinal and transverse sections are shown H–K). In some cases the internal density appeared as straight rods (H, I) while in others it appeared to be wound around itself (J, K). Tomogram sections perpendicular to the ice layer were harder to interpret owing to the missing wedge; an imaging artefact associated with tomographic data acquisition (B, D, I and K). (I and K) Sections through the narrow filaments do not show the RNP morphology seen in comparable views of bacilliform particles (A and D). This feature was infrequently seen at the termini of cell-associated filaments and in our data seen only once in tomograms of purified filaments (L). See also <a href="http://www.plospathogens.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.ppat.1003413#ppat.1003413.s012" target="_blank">movie S5</a>.</p

Cryomicroscopy and tomography of influenza A/Udorn/72 infected cells.

<p>(A) Low magnification cryomicrograph of a long filament and Archetti body attached to a cell edge (red line). (B) A slice through a tomogram of the Archetti body shown in (A) reveals that the head was largely devoid of content. (C) Filaments over 10 µm long attached to a cell (red line). See also <a href="http://www.plospathogens.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.ppat.1003413#ppat.1003413.s009" target="_blank">Movie S2</a> and <a href="http://www.plospathogens.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.ppat.1003413#ppat.1003413.s004" target="_blank">figures S4</a> and <a href="http://www.plospathogens.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.ppat.1003413#ppat.1003413.s005" target="_blank">S5</a>.</p