7,789 research outputs found
Multimessenger Parameter Estimation of GW170817
We combine gravitational wave (GW) and electromagnetic (EM) data to perform a
Bayesian parameter estimation of the binary neutron star (NS) merger GW170817.
The EM likelihood is constructed from a fit to a large number of numerical
relativity simulations which we combine with a lower bound on the mass of the
remnant's accretion disk inferred from the modeling of the EM light curve. In
comparison with previous works, our analysis yields a more precise
determination of the tidal deformability of the binary, for which the EM data
provide a lower bound, and of the mass ratio of the binary, with the EM data
favoring a smaller mass asymmetry. The 90\% credible interval for the areal
radius of a NS is found to be (statistical and systematic uncertainties).Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures, accepted to the EPJA Topical Issue: The first
Neutron Star Merger Observation - Implications for Nuclear Physic
Community programs and women's participation : the Chinese experience
Using household data specifically collected for the purpose of evaluation, the authors empirically evaluate the impact on household income of a rural program in China that focuses on increasing women's economic and social participation in the local community. They find that the program substantially increases women's participation and household income, and also generates positive social benefits. The authors'results also suggest that the income gains accrue only to participants, and partly at the expense of nonparticipants. They find that the magnitude of the program's impact depends sensitively on the program's ability to increase participation rates within villages. In the presence of the program, individual participation helps to prevent negative externalities and to buy into the positive gains accruing to participants. The authors'results support the view that effectively implemented gender-focused interventions can have substantial social benefits when supported by the necessary legal and institutional framework.Decentralization,Primary Education,Public Health Promotion,Health Economics&Finance,Poverty Monitoring&Analysis,Health Economics&Finance,Poverty Monitoring&Analysis,Primary Education,Housing&Human Habitats,Governance Indicators
A Hierarchical Rate Splitting Strategy for FDD Massive MIMO under Imperfect CSIT
In a multiuser MIMO broadcast channel, the rate performance is affected by
the multiuser interference when the Channel State Information at the
Transmitter (CSIT) is imperfect. To tackle the interference problem, a
Rate-Splitting (RS) approach has been proposed recently, which splits one
user's message into a common and a private part, and superimposes the common
message on top of the private messages. The common message is drawn from a
public codebook and should be decoded by all users. In this paper, we propose a
novel and general framework, denoted as Hierarchical Rate Splitting (HRS), that
is particularly suited to FDD massive MIMO systems. HRS simultaneously
transmits private messages intended to each user and two kinds of common
messages that can be decoded by all users and by a subset of users,
respectively. We analyse the asymptotic sum rate of HRS under imperfect CSIT. A
closed-form power allocation is derived which provides insights into the
effects of system parameters. Finally, simulation results validate the
significant sum rate gain of HRS over various baselines.Comment: Accepted paper at IEEE CAMAD 201
Top-Rank Enhanced Listwise Optimization for Statistical Machine Translation
Pairwise ranking methods are the basis of many widely used discriminative
training approaches for structure prediction problems in natural language
processing(NLP). Decomposing the problem of ranking hypotheses into pairwise
comparisons enables simple and efficient solutions. However, neglecting the
global ordering of the hypothesis list may hinder learning. We propose a
listwise learning framework for structure prediction problems such as machine
translation. Our framework directly models the entire translation list's
ordering to learn parameters which may better fit the given listwise samples.
Furthermore, we propose top-rank enhanced loss functions, which are more
sensitive to ranking errors at higher positions. Experiments on a large-scale
Chinese-English translation task show that both our listwise learning framework
and top-rank enhanced listwise losses lead to significant improvements in
translation quality.Comment: Accepted to CONLL 201
Thermal Conductance of an Individual Single-Wall Carbon Nanotube above Room Temperature
The thermal properties of a suspended metallic single-wall carbon nanotube
(SWNT) are extracted from its high-bias (I-V) electrical characteristics over
the 300-800 K temperature range, achieved by Joule self-heating. The thermal
conductance is approximately 2.4 nW/K and the thermal conductivity is nearly
3500 W/m/K at room temperature for a SWNT of length 2.6 um and diameter 1.7 nm.
A subtle decrease in thermal conductivity steeper than 1/T is observed at the
upper end of the temperature range, which is attributed to second order
three-phonon scattering between two acoustic modes and one optical mode. We
discuss sources of uncertainty and propose a simple analytical model for the
SWNT thermal conductivity including length and temperature dependence.Comment: Nano Letters, vol. 6, no. 1, 200
Electro-Thermal Transport in Metallic Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes for Interconnect Applications
This work represents the first electro-thermal study of metallic single-wall
carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) for interconnect applications. Experimental data and
careful modeling reveal that self-heating is of significance in short (1 < L <
10 um) nanotubes under high-bias. The low-bias resistance of micron scale SWNTs
is also found to be affected by optical phonon absorption (a scattering
mechanism previously neglected) above 250 K. We also explore length-dependent
electrical breakdown of SWNTs in ambient air. Significant self-heating in SWNT
interconnects can be avoided if power densities per unit length are limited to
less than 5 uW/um.Comment: IEEE Intl. Electron Devices Meeting (IEDM), Dec. 2005, Washington D
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