The Public Interest and Bank and Savings and Loan Expansion in Virginia

In the past, two phrases have been the subject of much evidence and legal argument in proceedings before the Virginia State Corporation Commission (SCC). The two phrases are public need and public convenience and necessity. Application of these two phrases has controlled the formation of new financial institutions and the expansion of existing ones. In 1976, the Virginia General Assembly eliminated in part these two phrases and in their place substituted a single phrase- public interes

Drosophila EB1 is important for proper assembly, dynamics, and positioning of the mitotic spindle

EB1 is an evolutionarily conserved protein that localizes to the plus ends of growing microtubules. In yeast, the EB1 homologue (BIM1) has been shown to modulate microtubule dynamics and link microtubules to the cortex, but the functions of metazoan EB1 proteins remain unknown. Using a novel preparation of the Drosophila S2 cell line that promotes cell attachment and spreading, we visualized dynamics of single microtubules in real time and found that depletion of EB1 by RNA-mediated inhibition (RNAi) in interphase cells causes a dramatic increase in nondynamic microtubules (neither growing nor shrinking), but does not alter overall microtubule organization. In contrast, several defects in microtubule organization are observed in RNAi-treated mitotic cells, including a drastic reduction in astral microtubules, malformed mitotic spindles, defocused spindle poles, and mispositioning of spindles away from the cell center. Similar phenotypes were observed in mitotic spindles of Drosophila embryos that were microinjected with anti-EB1 antibodies. In addition, live cell imaging of mitosis in Drosophila embryos reveals defective spindle elongation and chromosomal segregation during anaphase after antibody injection. Our results reveal crucial roles for EB1 in mitosis, which we postulate involves its ability to promote the growth and interactions of microtubules within the central spindle and at the cell cortex

Polarization and Charge Transfer in the Hydration of Chloride Ions

A theoretical study of the structural and electronic properties of the chloride ion and water molecules in the first hydration shell is presented. The calculations are performed on an ensemble of configurations obtained from molecular dynamics simulations of a single chloride ion in bulk water. The simulations utilize the polarizable AMOEBA force field for trajectory generation, and MP2-level calculations are performed to examine the electronic structure properties of the ions and surrounding waters in the external field of more distant waters. The ChelpG method is employed to explore the effective charges and dipoles on the chloride ions and first-shell waters. The Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules (QTAIM) is further utilized to examine charge transfer from the anion to surrounding water molecules. From the QTAIM analysis, 0.2 elementary charges are transferred from the ion to the first-shell water molecules. The default AMOEBA model overestimates the average dipole moment magnitude of the ion compared with the estimated quantum mechanical value. The average magnitude of the dipole moment of the water molecules in the first shell treated at the MP2 level, with the more distant waters handled with an AMOEBA effective charge model, is 2.67 D. This value is close to the AMOEBA result for first-shell waters (2.72 D) and is slightly reduced from the bulk AMOEBA value (2.78 D). The magnitude of the dipole moment of the water molecules in the first solvation shell is most strongly affected by the local water-water interactions and hydrogen bonds with the second solvation shell, rather than by interactions with the ion.Comment: Slight revision, in press at J. Chem. Phy

Salicylaldehyde hydrazones: buttressing of outer sphere hydrogen-bonding and copper-extraction properties

Salicylaldehyde hydrazones are weaker copper extractants than their oxime derivatives, which are used in hydrometallurgical processes to recover ~20 % of the world’s copper. Their strength, based on the extraction equilibrium constant Ke, can be increased by nearly three orders of magnitude by incorporating electron-withdrawing or hydrogen-bond acceptor groups (X) ortho to the phenolic OH group of the salicylaldehyde unit. Density functional theory calculations suggest that the effects of the 3-X substituents arise from a combination of their influence on the acidity of the phenol in the pH-dependent equilibrium, Cu2+ + 2Lorg ⇌ [Cu(L–H)2]org + 2H+, and on their ability to ‘buttress’ interligand hydrogen bonding by interacting with the hydrazone N–H donor group. X-ray crystal structure determination and computed structures indicate that in both the solid state and the gas phase, coordinated hydrazone groups are less planar than coordinated oximes and this has an adverse effect on intramolecular hydrogen-bond formation to the neighbouring phenolate oxygen atoms

A Christian Guide to Body Stewardship, Diet and Exercise - 3rd Edition

This free textbook provides readers with a wealth of practical information regarding body stewardship, nutrition, and exercise, all written from a Christian worldview. While other textbooks provide readers with the why proper nutrition and regular exercise is important, this textbook takes it one step further and provides readers with the how . Each chapter is filled with helpful charts, tables, and figures that equip readers with tangible resources and recommendations they can use to put into practice the various concepts being introduced. Additionally, each chapter is written from a Christian worldview recognizing that the human body was created for a purpose, and through Godly stewardship of our bodies, we can more effectively worship our creator.https://digitalcommons.cedarville.edu/cedrus_press_publications/1024/thumbnail.jp

A Christian Guide to Body Stewardship, Diet and Exercise

This free textbook provides readers with a wealth of practical information regarding body stewardship, nutrition, and exercise, all written from a Christian worldview. While other textbooks provide readers with the why proper nutrition and regular exercise is important, this textbook takes it one step further and provides readers with the how . Each chapter is filled with helpful charts, tables, and figures that equip readers with tangible resources and recommendations they can use to put into practice the various concepts being introduced. Additionally, each chapter is written from a Christian worldview recognizing that the human body was created for a purpose, and through Godly stewardship of our bodies, we can more effectively worship our creator.https://digitalcommons.cedarville.edu/cedrus_press_publications/1022/thumbnail.jp