832 research outputs found
Facies Relationships Within the Glens Falls Limestone of Vermont and New York
Guidebook for field trips in Vermont: New England Intercollegiate Geological Conference, 79th annual meeting, October 16, 17 and 18, 1987: Trips A-
Administering the Auditory Comprehension Test to a group of learning disabled subjects
This study attempted to replicate the finding by Green
and Josey (1988) in some groups of learning disabled
children of better comprehension of spoken language in
one single ear (monaural condition) than in both ears
together (binaural condition). The Auditory
Comprehension Test (ACT) which is designed specifically
to measure this "binaural deficit" was administered to
36 learning disabled children, from which a subgroup of
learning disabled subjects judged by teachers to have
prominent difficulty comprehending everyday speech was
later selected, and a control group of 36 non-learning
disabled children individually matched for age, sex,
and IQ with the learning disabled children. The ACT
involves presenting short news item-style stories via
headphones to either ear alone, or both ears
simultaneously. After each story the subject repeats
as much of the story as s/he can remember. The
resulting three scores (left ear, right ear, and both
ears simultaneously) are compared to determine if
listening with either single ear produces better
comprehension than listening with both ears together (i.e. to see if a binaural deficit exists).
Comparisons between the control and learning disabled
groups revealed significant differences in the
direction of (1) higher average test scores for the
control group, and (2) higher overall binaural deficits
for the learning disabled group, as well as a larger
number of subjects in the learning disabled group
having a binaural deficit. The control group also
performed significantly poorer in the binaural
condition than in either single ear alone, indicating a
possible bias in the ACT itself, and/or a possible
selection bias. The test bias points to the need for
revisions to the ACT in its application to children
PhosCalc: A tool for evaluating the sites of peptide phosphorylation from Mass Spectrometer data
Ā© 2008 MacLean et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licens
No evidence for distinct types in the evolution of SARS-CoV-2
A recent study by Tang et al. claimed that two major types of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (CoV-2) had evolved in the ongoing CoV disease-2019 pandemic and that one of these types was more āaggressiveā than the other. Given the repercussions of these claims and the intense media coverage of these types of articles, we have examined in detail the data presented by Tang et al., and show that the major conclusions of that paper cannot be substantiated. Using examples from other viral outbreaks, we discuss the difficulty in demonstrating the existence or nature of a functional effect of a viral mutation, and we advise against overinterpretation of genomic data during the pandemic
Using false discovery rates to benchmark SNP-callers in next-generation sequencing projects
Funding: R.A.F. was funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC). D.A.H. and M.C.F. were supported by the Wellcome Trust. No additional external funding received for this study.Peer reviewedPublisher PD
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The Neurophysiology of Functionally Meaningful Categories: Macaque Ventrolateral Prefrontal Cortex Plays a Critical Role in Spontaneous Categorization of Species-Specific Vocalizations
Neurophysiological studies in nonhuman primates have demonstrated that the prefrontal cortex (PFC) plays a critical role in the acquisition of learned categories following training. What is presently unclear is whether this cortical area also plays a role in spontaneous recognition and discrimination of natural categories. Here, we explore this possibility by recording from neurons in the PFC while rhesus listen to species-specific vocalizations that vary in terms of their social function and acoustic morphology. We found that ventral prefrontal cortex (vPFC) activity, on average, did not differentiate between food calls that were associated with the same functional category, despite having different acoustic properties. In contrast, vPFC activity differentiated between food calls associated with different functional classes and specifically, information about the quality and motivational value of the food. These results suggest that the vPFC is involved in the categorization of socially meaningful signals, thereby both extending its previously conceived role in the acquisition of learned categories and showing the significance of using natural categorical distinctions in the study of neural mechanisms.Psycholog
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Choosing a Data Model and Query Language for Provenance
The ancestry relationships found in provenance form a directed graph. Many provenance queries require traversal of this graph. The data and query models for provenance should directly and naturally address this graph-centric nature of provenance. To that end, we set out the requirements for a provenance data and query model and discuss why the common solutions (relational, XML, RDF) fall short. A semistructured data model is more suited for handling provenance. We propose a query model based on the Lorel query language, and brieļ¬y describe how our query language PQL extends Lorel.Engineering and Applied Science
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Layering in Provenance Systems
Digital provenance describes the ancestry or history of a digital object. Most existing provenance systems, however, operate at only one level of abstraction: the sys- tem call layer, a workflow specification, or the high-level constructs of a particular application. The provenance collectable in each of these layers is different, and all of it can be important. Single-layer systems fail to account for the different levels of abstraction at which users need to reason about their data and processes. These systems cannot integrate data provenance across layers and cannot answer questions that require an integrated view of the provenance.
We have designed a provenance collection structure facilitating the integration of provenance across multiple levels of abstraction, including a workflow engine, a web browser, and an initial runtime Python provenance tracking wrapper. We layer these components atop provenance-aware network storage (NFS) that builds upon a Provenance-Aware Storage System (PASS). We discuss the challenges of building systems that integrate provenance across multiple layers of abstraction, present how we augmented systems in each layer to integrate provenance, and present use cases that demonstrate how provenance spanning multiple layers provides functionality not available in existing systems. Our evaluation shows that the overheads imposed by layering provenance systems are reasonable.Engineering and Applied Science
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