Clinical and microbiological evaluation of non-surgical periodontal therapy in obese and non-obese individuals with periodontitis: a 9-month prospective longitudinal study

Objective: Obesity is a chronic disease that negatively affects an individual’s general and oral health. The present study aimed to compare the clinical and microbiological effects of non-surgical periodontal therapy with the full mouth disinfection (FMD) protocol on obese and non-obese individuals at 9 months post-therapy. Methodology: This clinical study was first submitted and approved by the Ethics Committee. Fifty-five obese patients and 39 non-obese patients with periodontitis were evaluated. The full-mouth periodontal clinical parameters, clinical attachment level (CAL), probing depth (PD), gingival index (GI), and plaque index (PI), were monitored at baseline, 3, 6, and 9 months after periodontal treatment with full mouth disinfection (FMD) protocol. The mean count of Tannerella forsythia , Porphyromonas gingivalis , Treponema Denticola , and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans was determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction on subgingival biofilm samples. Demographic data were assessed by Chi-square test. For clinical and microbiological parameters, two-factor repeated-measures ANOVA was used. Results: In both groups, periodontal therapy using the one-stage full-mouth disinfection protocol significantly improved CAL, PD, GI, and PI (p<0.05). Obese and non-obese patients equally responded to non-surgical periodontal therapy (p>0.05). Microbial count found no major differences (p>0.05) between obese and non-obese individuals who had undergone non-surgical periodontal therapy. Conclusions: Obesity did not affect the clinical and microbiological outcomes of non-surgical periodontal therapy

Frequency of periodontal pathogens and Helicobacter pylori in the mouths and stomachs of obese individuals submitted to bariatric surgery: a cross-sectional study

Objectives This cross-sectional study compared the frequency of oral periodontopathogens and H. pylori in the mouths and stomachs of obese individuals with or without periodontitis submitted to bariatric surgery. Material and Methods One hundred and fifty-four men and women aged 18-65 were conveniently distributed into four groups. Two groups were composed of individuals who underwent bariatric surgery with (BP) (n=40) and without (BNP) (n=39) periodontitis and two obese control groups with (CP) (n=35) and without (CNP) (n=40) periodontitis. The oral pathogens Porphyromonas gingivalis, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Parvimonas micra, Treponema denticola, Tannerella forsythia, Campylobacter rectus, and Helicobacter pylori were detected by a polymerase chain reaction technique using saliva, tongue and stomach biopsy samples. Results Statistical analysis demonstrated that periodontopathogens were highly frequent in the mouth (up to 91.4%). In the bariatric surgically treated group, orally, P. gingivalis, T. denticola and T. forsythia were more frequent in periodontitis, while C. rectus was more frequent in non-periodontitis subjects. Stomach biopsies also revealed the high frequency of five oral species in both candidates for bariatric surgery (91.6%) and the bariatric (83.3%) groups. H. pylori was frequently detected in the mouth (50.0%) and stomach (83.3%). In the stomach, oral species and H. pylori appeared in lower frequency in the bariatric group. Conclusions Obese individuals showed high frequencies of periodontopathogens and H. pylori in their mouths and stomachs. Bariatric surgery showed an inverse microbial effect on oral and stomach environments by revealing higher oral and lower stomach bacterial frequencies

Occurrence of periodontal pathogens in the human oral cavity: association with periodontal status, age and tobacco use

Orientação: Profa. Dra. Sheila Cavalca CortelliCoorientação: Prof. Dr. Gilson Cesar Nobre FrancoTese (Doutorado) - Universidade de Taubaté, Programa de Pós-graduação em Odontologia,Taubaté, 2009.Made available in DSpace on 2019-06-18T15:00:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Davi Romeiro Aquino.pdf: 1768319 bytes, checksum: 8701c9dd2eb7f8373b87a821e05650d5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009Resumo: Hipótese do estudo: Esse estudo hipotetizou que o fator idade e a condição periodontal pessoal e/ou materna favorecem a ocorrência de patógenos periodontais, enquanto o tabagismo não a influencia. Objetivo: Avaliar a relação do fator idade, status periodontal e tabagismo sobre a presença de A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis, P. intermedia, T. forsythia e C. rectus. E, o impacto do status periodontal materno sobre a ocorrência destas mesmas espécies em recém-nascidos.Metodologia: Para responder à questão relativa à idade, na primeira fase do estudo, independente da condição periodontal foram incluídos 330 indivíduos alocados em seis faixas etárias: recém-nascidos, crianças de 2,5 a 5 anos, crianças de 6 a 12 anos, adolescentes de 13 a 18 anos, adultos de 19 a 44 anos e adultos acima de 55 anos. Na segunda fase do estudo, na qual os fatores status periodontal e tabagismo foram considerados, selecionaram-se mais 76 pares mães/recém-nascidos (33 filhos de mães com periodontite e 43 de mães sem periodontite), adicionando-se ainda 112 crianças periodontalmente saudáveis, 109 crianças com gengivite, 40 adultos periodontalmente saudável (21 fumantes e 19 não fumantes) e 111 indivíduos com periodontite (53 fumantes e 58 não fumantes). Os parâmetros clínicos periodontais avaliados foram profundidade de sondagem e nível clínico de inserção (adolescentes e adultos), e, índice de placa e sangramento gengival (adultos, adolescentes e crianças). Amostras subgengivais foram coletadas dos participantes dentados enquanto amostras não dentárias foram coletadas de todos os grupos e todas processadas por PCR. Resultados: Considerando-se todos os grupos C. rectus foi a bactéria mais freqüente chegando a atingir prevalências de 98%. A ocorrência de P. gingivalis, P.intermedia, A. actinomycetemcomitans e T. forsythia foi mais elevada dentre os recém-nascidos filhos de mães com periodontite. Crianças com gengivite alocaram mais P. gingivalis no sulco (99,1%) e mucosa (97,2%) do que crianças periodontalmente saudáveis (67,5% e 64,8%, respectivamente). A análise intra-grupo de adultos periodontalmente saudáveis ou doentes não revelou diferenças estatisticamente significativas em relação a presença bacteriana comparando-se fumantes e não fumantes. Conclusões: A colonização bucal por patógenos periodontais ocorre precocemente e se altera ao longo da vida, sendo muitas vezes direcionada pela presença dos elementos dentários que no presente estudo influenciou sobretudo a ocorrência de P. gingivalis, P. intermedia e T. forsythia. Outra observação importante foi a de que a condição periodontal materna influenciou a colonização por patógenos periodontais em recém-nascidos. Similarmente, o status periodontal infantil acarretou aumento nas freqüências bacterianas. Finalmente, o tabagismo não alterou os perfis microbiológicos observados.Abstract: Study hypothesis: The current study hypothesized that age and personal and/or maternal periodontal status favor the occurrence of periodontal pathogens, whereas tobacco use does not. Aim: To evaluate the relation between age, periodontal status and smoking and the presence of A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis, P. intermedia, T. forsythia and C. rectus. Also, the impact of the mother's periodontal status on the occurrence of the same species in newborns. Methodology: In order to elucidate what's the age contribution, in the first stage of the study, regardless of periodontal status, 330 individuals were allocated in six age groups: newborns, children from 2.5 to 5 years, children from 6 to 12 years, adolescents from 13 to 18 years, adults from 19 to 44 years and adults over 55 years. In the second stage of the study, in which periodontal status and smoking were considered, another 76 mother/newborn pairs were chosen (33 sons of periodontitis mothers and 43 of no periodontitis mothers), another 112 periodontally healthy children, 109 gingivitis children, 40 periodontally healthy adults (21 smokers and 19 non-smokers) and 111 periodontitis subjects (53 smokers and 58 non-smokers) were added. The periodontal clinical parameters evaluated were probing depth and clinical attachment level (adolescents and adults), and, plaque index and gingival bleeding index (adults, adolescents and children). Subgingival samples were collected from dentate participants whereas non dental samples were collected from each group and were PCR-processed. Results: C. rectus was the most frequent bacterium for all groups, reaching 98% prevalence. The occurrence of P. gingivalis, P. intermedia, A. actinomycetemcomitans and T. forsythia was higher among newborns that are sons of mothers with periodontitis. Children with gingivitis allocated more P. gingivalis in the sulcus (99.1%) and mucosa (97.2%) than periodontally healthy children (67.5% and 64.8%, respectively). The intra-group analysis of periodontally healthy or diseased adults did not reveal statistically significant differences, when smokers and non-smokers were compared. Conclusions: Oral colonization by periodontal pathogens happens early in life and alters overtime, being many times guided tooth presence that, in the current study, influenced, above all, the occurrence of P. gingivalis, P. intermedia and T. forsythia. Another relevant finding was that the maternal periodontal status did influence the occurrence of periodontal pathogens in newborns. Similarly, the childhood periodontal status allowed increased bacterial frequencies. Finally, tobacco use did not alter the observed microbiological profile

Self-performed supragingival biofilm control: qualitative analysis, scientific basis and oral-health implications

Made available in DSpace on 2019-09-12T16:26:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010Patients frequently fail to achieve an optimal mechanical plaque control. However, many patients are not confident about using mouthrinses, and many professionals refuse to prescribe them for regular daily use. Aiming at achieving a better understanding of the use and prescription of mouthrinses in periodontics, 24 dentists with different dental educational levels were purposively chosen and interviewed in a qualitative research. Partial data was presented at the 15th Congress of the Brazilian Association for Oral Health Promotion (ABOPREV), and full data was presented at the 88th General Session and Exhibition of the International Association for Dental Research (IADR). The professionals' answers were confirmed or rejected through scientific data analysis. Additionally, scientifically supported answers were provided for the interviewees' most frequent unanswered questions. Around half of the participants (46%) reported that they recommended the use of mouthrinses, although a high percentage (64%) of the dentists answered that they knew very little about the efficacy of mouthrinses and also about the oral benefits (54%) provided by them. All interviewees reported that they were aware of the fact that their patients, and themselves, failed to floss and, less frequently, to brush their teeth, and all of them believed that oral health impacts overall systemic health. Seventy five percent answered that using mouthrinses was safe. Most participants (55%) did not declare themselves as mouthrinse users. We concluded that dentists with different levels of dental education have only partial knowledge related to mouthrinse use in periodontics. The use of effective mouthrinses on a daily basis is justified and can help patients achieve or maintain a healthier mouth. A healthier mouth will positively impact patients' quality of life and could also benefit their overall systemic health.[Costa, Fernando Oliveira] Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, BrazilCortelli, Sheila Cavalca; Cortelli, José Roberto; Aquino, Davi Romeiro] Universidade de Taubaté, Brazi

Periodontal profile and presence of periodontal pathogens in young African-Americans from Salvador, BA, Brazil

This cross-sectional study evaluated the periodontal status and the presence of periodontopathogens in 132 young, black ethnic subjects who live in Salvador/Bahia-Brazil and have never smoked. Periodontal Probing Depth (PPD), Clinical Attachment Level (CAL), Plaque Index (PI) and Gingival Index (GI) were measured and analyzed by ANOVA and Wilcoxon tests (p<0.05) according to gender and age. The presence of A.actinomycetemcomitans, P.gingivalis, E.corrodens and F.nucleatum was determined by PCR and was analyzed by ANOVA, Wilcoxon, Student-t tests (p<0.05). Mean values of PPD and CAL were 2.18 and 1.0mm, respectively. Clinical parameters did not show differences between subjects of varying gender and age. The microbial prevalence was observed to be 95.45% for E.corrodens followed by F.nucleatum with 68.18%, A.actinomycetemcomitans with45.45% and P.gingivalis with 40.9%. An association between the presence of pathogens and gender and age was not observed (p<0.05). PPD, CAL and PI were not associated with P.gingivalis; however, GI appeared in higher frequencies among subjects without P.gingivalis. In this young, black ethnic, Brazilian population, a high percentage (96.96%) of subjects harbored at least one selected periodontal pathogen, but most subjects showed a healthy periodontal status. Further investigations are required to evaluate the actual influence of the presence of these bacterial species

Longitudinal clinical evaluation of adjunct minocycline in the treatment of chronic periodontitis

Background: the clinical benefits of minocycline in combination with thorough scaling and root planing (SRP) have been examined in multicenter studies. The aim of this longitudinal investigation was to evaluate the clinical response to scaling and root planing combined with the use of locally delivered minocycline microspheres for 720 days in individuals with advanced chronic periodontitis.Methods: A total of 26 individuals aged 26 to 69 years (mean: 46.8 +/- 12.1 years) were included in this double-blind randomized clinical trial. After randomization, 13 individuals were selected for the test group (TG) and treated with SRP plus subgingival minocycline at baseline and 90, 180, and 270 days, and 13 individuals were selected for the control group (CG) and received SRP plus vehicle at the same time-points. Two homologous sites with probing depth (PD) >= 6 mm were chosen in each subject. To evaluate the clinical response after treatment, PD, plaque index (PI), and gingival index (GI) were assessed at baseline and 90, 180, 270, 360, and 720 days.Results: No statistical differences were found between test and control groups in relation to PD at the different timepoints. The mean values of PD demonstrated a higher reduction in the test group at 270 and 360 days. No statistical differences were observed at 90, 180, and 720 days between TG and CG (P < 0.05; Wilcoxon test). There were no statistically significant differences between TG and CG concerning PI and GI (P < 0.05; analysis of variance and t test) at all evaluated timepoints.Conclusion: Our findings demonstrated that both therapies reduced mean PD from 90 to 360 days; however, SRP combined with the use of subgingival minocycline showed a higher reduction at 270 and 360 days following therapy