Structure of the crust and upper mantle beneath Bass Strait, southeast Australia, from teleseismic body wave tomography

Acknowledgments We thank many land owners and field team members from mainland Australia and Tasmania. Particular thanks to Armando Arcidiaco and Qi Li from ANU for assistance with the collection and archiving of the data used in this study. ARC grants DP120103673, LE120100061, LP110100256 and DP0986750 were instrumental in supporting the WOMBAT and BASS deployments.Peer reviewedPostprin

Post-subduction tectonics induced by extension from a lithospheric drip

Acknowledgements S.P. acknowledges support from the Natural Environmental Research Council (NERC) Grant NE/R013500/1 and from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program under Marie Skłodowska-Curie Grant Agreement 790203. We thank the TanDEM-X Science Communication Team (German Aerospace Center (DLR) e.V.) for providing TanDEM topographic data. We thank the NERC Geophysical Equipment Facility for loan 1038. Numerical simulations were undertaken on the NCI National Facility in Canberra, Australia, which is supported by the Australian Commonwealth Government. A.G. was funded by an Independent Research Fellowship from the Royal Astronomical Society.Peer reviewedPostprin

Negotiating Sonic Space for Group Electronics

Audio, video, image and PDF files relating to practice-led research supporting an article entitled "Negotiating Sonic Space for Group Electronics" Music and Sonic Art. (ed. Mine Dogantan Dack) Cambridge Scholars Press, Cambridge (Scheduled for publication in 2016). This includes supporting data including audio, video and still images for three case studies: 1. a performance of Morton Subotnick's "Sidewinder" by the Monosynth Orchestra: Sean Williams, Owen Green, Jules Rawlinson, Lauren Hayes, Dave Meckin, Lin Zhang, Henrik Ekeus, and Rachel Kellett 2. two performances of Sean Williams' "Electronic Skank", performed by Sean Williams, Owen Green, Jules Rawlinson, and Lauren Hayes, one at City University London, and one at the University of Edinburgh 3. four recordings from rehearsals of Christian Wolff's "For 1, 2, or 3 People", performed by Owen Green, Dave Murray-Rust, and Sean Williams.Green, Owen; Williams, Sean; Murray-Rust, Dave; Rawlinson, Jules; Hayes, Lauren Sarah; Meckin, Dave; Zhang, Lin; Ekeus, Henrik; Kellet, Rachel. (2016). Negotiating Sonic Space for Group Electronics, 2007-2012 [dataset]. Reid School of Music. http://dx.doi.org/10.7488/ds/1364

Hunt warm, rest cool: bioenergetic strategy underlying diel\ud vertical migration of a benthic shark

Diel vertical migration (DVM) is a widespread phenomenon among marine and freshwater organisms and many studies with various taxa have sought to understand its adaptive significance. Among crustacean zooplankton and juveniles of some fish species DVM is accepted widely as an antipredator behaviour, but little is known about its adaptive value for relatively large-bodied, adult predatory fish such as sharks. Moreover, the majority of studies have focused on pelagic forms, which raises the question of whether DVM occurs in bottom-living predators.\ud \ud To investigate DVM in benthic predatory fish in the marine environment and to determine why it might occur we tracked movements of adult male dogfish (Scyliorhinus canicula) by short- and long-term acoustic and archival telemetry. Movement studies were complemented with measurements of prey abundance and availability and thermal habitat within home ranges. A thermal choice experiment and energy budget modelling was used to investigate trade-offs between foraging and thermal habitat selection.\ud \ud Male dogfish undertook normal DVM (nocturnal ascent) within relatively small home ranges (∼100 × 100 m) comprising along-bottom movements up submarine slopes from deeper, colder waters occupied during the day into warmer, shallow prey-rich areas above the thermocline at night. Few daytime vertical movements occurred. Levels of activity were higher during the night above the thermocline compared to below it during the day indicating they foraged in warm water and rested in colder depths.\ud \ud A thermal choice experiment using environmentally realistic temperatures supported the field observation that dogfish positively avoided warmer water even when it was associated with greater food availability. Males in laboratory aquaria moved into warm water from a cooler refuge only to obtain food, and after food consumption they preferred to rest and digest in cooler water.\ud \ud Modelling of energy budgets under different realistic thermal-choice scenarios indicated dogfish adopting a 'hunt warm − rest cool' strategy could lower daily energy costs by just over 4%. Our results provide the first clear evidence that are consistent with the hypothesis that a benthic marine-fish predator utilizes DVM as an energy conservation strategy that increases bioenergetic efficiency

Interactions within the MHC contribute to the genetic architecture of celiac disease

<div><p>Interaction analysis of GWAS can detect signal that would be ignored by single variant analysis, yet few robust interactions in humans have been detected. Recent work has highlighted interactions in the MHC region between known HLA risk haplotypes for various autoimmune diseases. To better understand the genetic interactions underlying celiac disease (CD), we have conducted exhaustive genome-wide scans for pairwise interactions in five independent CD case-control studies, using a rapid model-free approach to examine over 500 billion SNP pairs in total. We found 14 independent interaction signals within the MHC region that achieved stringent replication criteria across multiple studies and were independent of known CD risk HLA haplotypes. The strongest independent CD interaction signal corresponded to genes in the HLA class III region, in particular <i>PRRC2A</i> and <i>GPANK1/C6orf47</i>, which are known to contain variants for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and early menopause, co-morbidities of celiac disease. Replicable evidence for statistical interaction outside the MHC was not observed. Both within and between European populations, we observed striking consistency of two-locus models and model distribution. Within the UK population, models of CD based on both interactions and additive single-SNP effects increased explained CD variance by approximately 1% over those of single SNPs. The interactions signal detected across the five cohorts indicates the presence of novel associations in the MHC region that cannot be detected using additive models. Our findings have implications for the determination of genetic architecture and, by extension, the use of human genetics for validation of therapeutic targets.</p></div

Summary of datasets used in this study.

<p>Summary of datasets used in this study.</p