Determination of optimum stocking density of Macrobrachium rosenbergii larvae using multiple feed in a commercial hatchery at Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh

Experimental stocking density of Macrobrachium rosenbergii in larval rearing was conducted in A.G. Aqua Hatchery, Chakaria, Bangladesh to study the effect of different stocking densities on growth, survival rate and diseases stress under hatchery condition. The research work was conducted using six cemented rectangular tanks having 3m3 capacity (1.5mX2mX1m) each. Stocking density were maintained in three experimental setup as 200, 150 and 100ind/L of the T1, T2 and T3 respectively with one replicate each. The larvae were fed with Artemia nauplii, Custard, Maxima and brine shrimp flakes. Water quality was maintained by exchanging 20-30% (12ppt saline water) daily. During the study period, temperature, pH, DO, salinity, nitrite-nitrogen, ammonia and alkalinity were maintained from 28.5-31.5ºC, 7.5-7.8, 5.8-5.9mg/L, 12-13ppt, 0.14-0.2 mg/L, 0.22-0.3mg/L, and 140-160mg/L respectively. The growth rates of larvae at 11th stage were recorded in terms of body length 0.115, 0.136, and 0.169 mm/day whereas body weight were observed 0.000115, 0.000180, and 0.000240g/day. The survival rate of larvae were found 21.8%, 30.4% and 51.3% in treatments T1, T2 and T3 respectively. PL was obtained as 43, 45, and 51PL/L and days required of 41, 38 and 34 days in stocking density of 200, 150, and 100ind/L respectively. It was found that the minimum of 34 days was required to attain the PL (12th stage) using the stocking density of 100 individuals/L. Cannibalism, Zoothamnium, Exuvia Entrapment Disease (EED), and Bacterial Necrosis (BN) were found to be the threat to the commercial hatchery operation that might responsible for potential larval damages which can be reduced by lowering the stocking densities in larval rearing tank that also increased the survival and growth rate

Study of meat quality of goats fed rice straw supplemented with Moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) foliage

The study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary levels of Moringa foliage on the fatty acid profiles and antioxidant activity in the muscles of Black Bengal goats. Thirty buckling of 6 to 8 months of age with an average initial live weight (LW) of 8.07 (±0.87) kg were allocated into five different diets having six in each group for 105 days. Keeping molasses treated rice straw ad libitum as sole diet, 70% of dietary dry matter (DM) requirement was supplied with a conventional concentrate which was replaced with Moringa foliage in treatment diets at 25, 50, 75 and 100%, respectively. Consequently, Moringa foliage intake represented 17.8, 35.6, 52.9 and 67.2% of total diet or 0.85, 1.7, 2.5 and 3.4% of LW in treatment diets keeping the daily gain and dietary intake unchanged (P>0.05). The dietary DM intake and LW gain was 4.6 to 4.8% of average LW and 67.3 to 79.3 g/d. The ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) n-6 to n-3 was significantly (P<0.01) reduced in diet containing 67.2% Moringa foliage, from 4.2 to 2.4% and 3.8 to 2.6% in Longissimus dorsi (LD) and Semitendinosus (ST) muscles of goats, respectively. The saturated fatty acid was reduced from 47.7 to 39.8% and 45.8 to 39.3%, respectively in both muscles. The lipid oxidation was reduced linearly (y=-0.1x+0.698, r 2 =85 for LD; y=-0.073x+0.675, r 2 =95 for ST) with increasing supplementation of Moringa foliage. It was concluded that supplementation of Moringa foliage up to 67.2% of diet will produce meat with high PUFA

Study of carcass characteristics of goats fed rice straw supplemented with Moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) foliage

The study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary levels of Moringa foliage on the fatty acid profiles and antioxidant activity in the muscles of Black Bengal goats. Thirty buckling of 6 to 8 months of age with an average initial live weight (LW) of 8.07 (±0.87) kg were allocated into five different diets having six in each group for 105 days. Keeping molasses treated rice straw ad libitum as sole diet, 70% of dietary dry matter (DM) requirement was supplied with a conventional concentrate which was replaced with Moringa foliage in treatment diets at 25, 50, 75 and 100%, respectively. Consequently, Moringa foliage intake represented 17.8, 35.6, 52.9 and 67.2% of total diet or 0.85, 1.7, 2.5 and 3.4% of LW in treatment diets keeping the daily gain and dietary intake unchanged (P>0.05). The dietary DM intake and LW gain was 4.6 to 4.8% of average LW and 67.3 to 79.3 g/d. The ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) n-6 to n-3 was significantly (P<0.01) reduced in diet containing 67.2% Moringa foliage, from 4.2 to 2.4% and 3.8 to 2.6% in Longissimus dorsi (LD) and Semitendinosus (ST) muscles of goats, respectively. The saturated fatty acid was reduced from 47.7 to 39.8% and 45.8 to 39.3%, respectively in both muscles. The lipid oxidation was reduced linearly (y=-0.1x+0.698, r2=85 for LD; y=-0.073x+0.675, r2=95 for ST) with increasing supplementation of Moringa foliage. It was concluded that supplementation of Moringa foliage up to 67.2% of diet will produce meat with high PUFA

Effect on non-normality on plans for sampling inspection by variables

This paper deals with a quantitative study on the effects of non-normality on the operating characteristics of published variables sampling inspection plans

Study of anti-nutritional compounds, antioxidant activity and fatty acid composition of Moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) foliage

The study was conducted to investigate the effects of cutting intervals on the anti-nutritional factors, antioxidant activity and fatty acid composition of Moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) foliage. An established Moringa plot dividing into 12 equal plots was subjected to 3 different maturity stages of harvesting at 4, 6 and 8 weeks in a completely randomized block design experiment. It was found that the level of total phenol and tannin (mg tannic acid equivalent/g dry weight) at 4 (51.86 and 34.90), 6 (43.89, and 27.96) and 8 (29.00 and 16.66) weeks of maturity decreased significantly. Similarly, with the increase of maturity the level of condensed tannin significantly decreased (0.23, 0.17 and 0.14 mg catechin equivalent/g dry weight, respectively). In the case of antioxidant activity, significantly higher DPPH inhibition activity was found after 4 weeks (60.1 %) compared to 6 and 8 weeks of maturity (56.0 and 53.4 %, respectively). However, the fatty acid composition of Moringa foliage was significantly affected with harvesting stage of maturity. It contained the highest level of α-linolenic acid followed by palmitic acid, linoleic acid, stearic acid and oleic acid, respectively (48.71, 21.65, 13.07, 5.89 and 4.63 % of the total identified fatty acids, respectively). The average level of poly unsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) (61.78 %) was about three times higher than the level of saturated fatty acids (31.24 %). In conclusion, harvesting of Moringa foliage at 8 weeks interval would have less anti-nutritional factors with more PUFA and antioxidant activities

Alirocumab and cardiovascular outcomes after acute coronary syndrome

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