Identificação humana pelos eventos odontologicos e alteraçães dentarias atraves de um metodo computadorizado

Orientador: Roberto Jose GonçalvesDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de PiracicabaResumo: Não indormadoAbstract: Not informed.MestradoOdontologia Legal e DeontologiaMestre em Odontologi

Interação dos sistemas ABO, Lewis e fatores grupo-especificos da saliva e sua importancia pericial

Orientador: Roberto Jose GonçalvesTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de PiracicabaResumo: Até a presente data, vários trabalhos foram realizados no sentido de investigar a existência ou não de uma interação entre os grupos sanguíneos do Sistema ABO, os fenotipos do Sistema Lewis e os fatores grupo-específicos secretados ou não pela saliva humana. Neste trabalho, utilizamos amostras de sangue e de saliva de 60 indivíduos que compareceram na Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba-UNICAMP, para se submeterem a exames de investigação de paternidade por determinação judicial. Após a utilização das referidas amostras, o restante do material foi empregado neste experimento. A partir das amostras de suspensão de hemácias foram tipados os antígenos do Sistema ABO, isto é, os tipos sanguíneos A, B, AB e °, os Fatores Rh positivo e negativo, os fenótipos do Sistema Lewis (Lea e Leb) e a substância H, utilizando-se os soros Anti-A, Anti-B, Anti-Lea, Anti-Leb e soro de Lectina Anti-H, todos adquiridos da Biotest S/A. Todos os testes foram realizados de acordo com as técnicas preconizadas pelo fabricante dos soros empregados neste experimento, tendo sido feitos controles, com suspensão de hemácias já conhecidas e fornecidas gentilmente pela Biotest S/A, evitando-se assim erros na interpretação dos resultados. A determinação da função secretora ou não secretora das substâncias ABH, foi realizada pela técnica da isoaglutinação descrita por FERREIRA (13) e por BEIGUELMAN(3). Os resultados comprovam a existência de uma interação entre o fenotipo Leb e a função secretora das substâncias ABH, pois não foi identificado nenhum caso, na amostra estudada, de secretor com fenotipo Lea+. A funcão não secretora destas substâncias. pela saliva humana. está mais relacionada com o fenotipo Lea, embora verificamos alguns casos de indivíduos não secretores com os fenotipos Lea-b-. Nos indivíduos pertencentes ao grupo sanguíneo AB, verificamos que a função secretora ou não secretora, dos fatores grupo-específicos da saliva, constitui uma especificidade dos fenotipos A e B, de forma totalmente independenteAbstract: Up to now, many studies have been carried out aiming to find out whether there is an interaction among blood types (ABO system), Lewis system phenotype and group-specific factors (either produced by human saliva or not). In this study we utilized blood and saliva samples from sixty persons who carne to this faculty to do paternity investigation exams under judicial determination. After using the sample for this purpose, the surplus of the sample was used for this research. From red blood cells suspension samples we determined the antigens of ABO system, i.e., blood types (A, B, AB or O), Rh (positive) and rh (negative) factors, Lewis system phenotypes (Lea e Leb), and the H substance, using Anti-A, Anti-B, Anti-Lea and Anti-Leb serum, and Anti H Lecithin serum, ali of them acquired from Biotest S/A. Ali the tests were done according to the manufacturer's instructions. The control was done with blood red cells suspensions given by Biotest S/A, so that we avoided result interpretation errors. The determination of secretory or non-secretory function of substances ABH was achieved through isoagglutination technique as described by FERREIRA(13) and by BEIGUELMAN (3). The results have confirmed the interaction between phenotypes Leb and the secretory functions of substances ABH, because no cases were found of secretory function with phenotype Lea+. The non-secretory function of these substances, from saliva, was mainly related to phenotypes Lea although we verified a few cases of non-secretory individuais with Lea-b- phenotypes. In AB blood type individuais we verified that the secretory or non secretory function from group-specific factors from saliva is specific of phenotypes A and B, in a totaUy independent wayDoutoradoOdontologia Legal e DeontologiaDoutor em Ciência

Death in the "microwave oven'': a form of execution by carbonization

Death in the "microwave oven'' has nothing to do with microwaves energy. It is the jargon name given to a criminal form of execution by carbonization that has been adopted by drug dealers in Rio de Janeiro (Brazil). The goal is to torture and intimidate victims, in an attempt of corpse occultation and to make identification harder or impossible253E1E

Administrative and clinical denials by a large dental insurance provider

The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and the type of claim denials (administrative, clinical or both) made by a large dental insurance plan. This was a cross-sectional, observational study, which retrospectively collected data from the claims and denial reports of a dental insurance company. The sample consisted of the payment claims submitted by network dentists, based on their procedure reports, reviewed in the third trimester of 2012. The denials were classified and grouped into ‘administrative’, ‘clinical’ or ‘both’. The data were tabulated and submitted to uni- and bivariate analyses. The confidence intervals were 95% and the level of significance was set at 5%. The overall frequency of denials was 8.2% of the total number of procedures performed. The frequency of administrative denials was 72.88%, whereas that of technical denials was 25.95% and that of both, 1.17% (p < 0.05). It was concluded that the overall prevalence of denials in the studied sample was low. Administrative denials were the most prevalent. This type of denial could be reduced if all dental insurance providers had unified clinical and administrative protocols, and if dentists submitted all of the required documentation in accordance with these protocols29

Sexual dimorphism of viscerocranium-A logistic model

Introduction: Sex estimates are generally based on the evaluation of qualitative and quantitative aspects of anatomic structures, however, the latter has better reproducibility and reliability. Objective: Aiming to evaluate the viscerocranium as a tool for sexual prediction and verify the possibility of creation of a logistic regression model for sexual prediction. Materials and Methods: 167 craniums - 100 male and 67 female between 22 and 85 years old from a Brazilian university´s Biobank - were evaluated. Results: It was observed that of the measures carried out were presented as sexually dimorphic, except for the measures of the right frontozygomatic point – right zygion; left frontozygomatic point – left zygion. Besides, it was possible to create a logistic regression model Sex = [logits/Sex = -24.5 + (0.20 * Nasion - Naso spine) + (0.18 * Right zygion - Naso spine)]. Conclusion: It was concluded that the measures of the viscerocranium present themselves as a factor of sexual dimorphism and the quantitative method developed was 81.4% accurate

Dental anthropology of a brazilian sample: frequency of nonmetric traits

Dental elements are valuable tools in a study of ancient populations and species, and key-features for human identification; among the dental anthropology field, nonmetric traits, standardized by ASUDAS, are closely related to ancestry. This study aimed to analyze the frequency of six nonmetric traits in a sample from Southeast Brazil, composed by 130 dental casts from individuals aged between 18 and 30, without foreign parents or grandparents. A single examiner observed the presence or absence of shoveling, Carabelli's cusp, fifth cusp, 3-cusped UM2, sixth cusp, and 4-cusped LM2. The frequencies obtained were different from the ones shown by other researches to Amerindian and South American samples, and related to European and sub-Saharan frequencies, showing the influence of this groups in the current Brazilian population. Sexual dimorphism was found in the frequencies of Carabelli's cusp, 3-cusped UM2, and sixth cusp258102U11

Use of dental dimensions estimated from personal portraits in human identification

Many cases of human identification in which traditional methods are not applicable challenge the experts’ capability and versatility. In the absence of ante-mortem records, superimposition of skull images over photographs of a possible victim arises as a possible alternative. Aim: The present study was a pilot work willing to validate a new method of sizing images of the face by the use of proportionality principles, taking as reference a few predetermined accessories: a pair of sunglasses, a hat and a necklace. Methods: Twenty-one volunteers were photographed using each one of the accessories mentioned above. Pictures of the dental arches were also taken, with millimeter scale adjacent. The images with accessories were examined by a single operator, who estimated the mesiodistal width of the upper central incisor, for later comparison with the real measures. Results: The accuracy of the method was evaluated by the Student’s t-test, which showed that the estimated measures were statistically greater than the real ones. Conclusions: The analysis of the data collected showed that the use of the accessories as a dimensional scale did not generate reliable results