Impacto de la formulación Fitobras en la productividad del pimiento California Wonder

Una de las prioridades en el contexto agrícola cubano actual es incentivar el uso de insumos de factura nacional, de ahí que el objetivo de este trabajo sea evaluar el efecto de la aplicación conjunta de Fitomas-EC (FM-EC) y Biobras-16 (BB-16) en el pimiento. Fueron realizadas aplicaciones foliares de los bioproductos en el cultivo, a los 11 y 26 días después del trasplante, para un total de cuatro tratamientos: Control, BB-16, FM-EC y BB-16+FM-EC. A los 26 después del trasplante se evaluaron: altura de la planta, grosor del tallo, número de hojas y flores; y a los 65 días el número de frutos, racimos y flores y el rendimiento. Además, se evaluaron parámetros de calidad externa e interna del fruto, como: peso, diámetro y longitud, pH, acidez titu- lable, ºBrix, conductividad eléctrica y contenido de carbohidratos. Los resultados de productividad biológica fueron indicativos de que la combinación no implica un efecto aditivo; sin embargo, los resultados de produc- tividad agrícola mostraron un beneficio significativo cuando estos insumos agrícolas cubanos se aplican de forma conjunta. Los parámetros de calidad del fruto del pimiento no se afectan con el uso de los bioproductos, por lo que pueden ser utilizados en su sistema productivo

Efeitos no cultivo do milho de um extrato líquido humificado residual, obtido a partir de vermicomposto

Vermicompost (VC) and its extracts (liquid humus) are materials that stimulate the growth and development of the plants, increasing their yield in small and large-scale farming conditions. This paper evaluates the biological effects of a liquid humic extract, previ - ously characterized on the parameters of growth, development and production in the cultivation of maize ( Zea mays L.). To the residual solid remaining after the obtaining liquid humus (Liplant®) from VC cattle manure, was applied a new extraction of humic substances (HS) in basic medium. The new liquid extract (ELH) was applied toleaves of corn plants in field conditions at dilutions of 1:10, 1:20 and 1:30 (v:v). To study the effects of ELH it was evaluated growth, development and production parameters. Chemical and physical characteristics of ELH were similar to aqueous humified compounds. The foliar application of ELH to corn plants, exerted positive effects on length and stem diameter, length of cobs without leaves, cobs fresh weight with and without leaves and on the yield of the number of cobs. From these results, it is possible to propose studies to incorporate this new liquid humus in the initial formulation of liquid humus (Liplant® product) or in its technology of application

Potencialidades de dos bioestimulantes en la germinación y el crecimiento de las plántulas de tomate: QuitoMax® and OPLANT+® improve tomato germination and growth

The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of the biostimulants QuitoMax® and OPLANT+® on germination and growth of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) seedlings. Under laboratory conditions, an experiment was carried out in a factorial scheme (7 × 3), in a completely randomized design, with three repetitions. Three concentrations of QuitoMax® (2.5, 5 and 10 mg/L), three dilutions of OPLANT+® (1:40, 1:50 and 1:60 (v: v)) and a control (water) were combined with three imbibitions times (TI) (10, 20 and 30 min). Another experiment was carried out under field conditions in a randomized block design, with three treatments and seven replications. A control (without biostimulants), seeds imbibed in 5 mg/L of QuitoMax® for 20 min and 1:60, v:v of OPLANT+® for 30 min. Results revealed that QuitoMax® and OPLANT+® showed similar effects on seeds germination in the treatments with 5 mg/L for 20 min and 1:60 for 30 min, respectively. The dry mass of the aerial part and the roots increased by 24 % and 98 % with the QuitoMax® and 11 % and 90 % with the OPLANT+® in relation to the control treatment, but QuitoMax® was more promising in growth promotion than humic substances. This study suggests that both biostimulants are efficient and viable to stimulate seed germination and tomato plants growth, which leads to their use in sustainable production in these crops stages.El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la influencia de los bioestimulantes QuitoMax® y OPLANT+® en la germinación y el crecimiento de las plántulas de tomate (Solanum lycopersicum L.). En condiciones de laboratorio, se realizó un experimento en esquema factorial (7 × 3), en un diseño completamente aleatorizado, con tres repeticiones. Tres concentraciones de QuitoMax® (2,5, 5 y 10 mg/L), tres diluciones de OPLANT+® (1:40, 1:50 y 1:60 (v:v)) y un control (agua) se combinaron con tres tiempos de imbibición (TI) (10, 20 y 30 min). Otro experimento se realizó en condiciones de campo en bloques al azar, con tres tratamientos y siete réplicas. Un control (sin bioestimulantes), semillas embebidas en 5 mg/L de QuitoMax® por 20 min y 1:60, v:v de OPLANT+® por 30 min. Los resultados indican que el QuitoMax® y el OPLANT+® mostraron efectos similares en la germinación en los tratamientos con 5 mg/L por 20 min y 1:60 por 30 min, respectivamente. La masa seca de la parte aérea y de las raíces se incrementó en 24 % y 98 % con el QuitoMax®, y 11 % y 90 % con el OPLANT+® en relación con el tratamiento control. Sin embargo, el QuitoMax® fue más promisorio en la promoción del crecimiento de las plantas que las sustancias húmicas. Este estudio sugiere que ambos bioestimulantes son eficientes y viables para estimular la germinación y el crecimiento de las plantas de tomate, lo cual sugiere su utilización en la producción sostenible en estas etapas del cultivo

Humic substances from vermicompost enhance urban lettuce production

International audienceUrban agriculture is growing worldwide with the growth of cities. Urban agriculture represents about 20 % of Cuban agriculture. In Cuba, urban agriculture is institutionalized and organized with ecological principles. For instance, local agriculture enhances food security and decreases the use of nonrenewable fertilizers. However, organic crop production in urban environments is challenging because of intensive plant nutrient requirements and disease incidence. Here, we tested an innovative technology based on plant growth promoters isolated from vermicompost and applied directly to lettuce leaves. We monitored plant metabolism by measuring the activities of nitrate reductase, an enzyme linked to N assimilation, and of phenylalanine ammonia lyase, an enzyme linked to plant defense. The experiment was conducted in the organic urban system in Guines, Cuba. We applied liquid humates at 10, 15, or 20 mg C L−1 once at the seedling stage and again 15 days after transplantation. Our results show that humates at 15 mg C L−1 shortened by 21 days the lettuce production cycle, allowing early harvesting without changing quality while increasing yields expressed as the number of leaves per plant. Humate application also decreased total carbohydrate, increased protein, increased nitrate uptake, and stimulated nitrate reductase and phenylalanine ammonia lyase in lettuce leaves

Biotechnology of humified materials obtained from vermicomposts for sustainable agroecological purposes

The application of humic substances (HS) to plants stimulates their biochemical-physiological mechanisms, growth and development. Humified materials exhibit structural characteristics that allow interactions with heavy metal cations dissolved in aqueous environments. Due to their high availability, agriculture-derived vermicomposts (VC) (agro-materials) are excellent raw materials for obtaining HS. Based on these properties, it might be possible to develop biotechnology processes that use agro-materials for environmentally sustainable agriculture. The present article describes the application of a biotechnological working protocol that uses cattle manure vermicompost (CVC) as a raw material for HS. The suggested protocol includes six steps based on the structure-property-biological activity relationships of all the resulting agro-materials. Both the CVC and the resulting agro-materials were characterized using various chemical-physical and spectroscopic techniques. The agro-materials not only increased the agricultural production of different crops at the optimal sowing seasons but also increased production under water and saline stress conditions. The residues arising from the protocol processes were analyzed and found to be useful as decontaminants of heavy metals in aqueous liquid effluents. In addition, the use of such products resulted in increased profits for small- and medium-scale farmers. These studies suggest that agriculture-derived composted organic materials are viable for sustainable agroecological use.Keywords: Vermicompost, humic substances, humic acids, stressAfrican Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 12(7), pp. 625-63