The use of imaging systems to monitor shoreline dynamics

The development of imaging systems is nowadays established as one of the most powerful and reliable tools for monitoring beach morphodynamics. Two different techniques for shoreline detection are presented here and, in one case, applied to the study of beach width oscillations on a sandy beach (Pauanui Beach, New Zealand). Results indicate that images can provide datasets whose length and sample interval are accurate enough to resolve inter-annual and seasonal oscillations, and long-term trends. Similarly, imaging systems can be extremely useful in determining the statistics of rip current occurrence. Further improvements in accuracy and reliability are expected with the recent introduction of digital systems

Perinatal exposure of rats to a maternal diet with varying protein quantity and quality affects the risk of overweight in female adult offspring

The maternal protein diet during the perinatal period can program the health of adult offspring. This study in rats evaluated the effects of protein quantity and quality in the maternal diet during gestation and lactation on weight and adiposity in female offspring. Six groups of dams were fed a high-protein (HP; 47% protein) or normal-protein (NP; 19% protein) isocaloric diet during gestation (G) using either cow's milk (M), pea (P) or turkey (T) proteins. During lactation, all dams received the NP diet (protein source unchanged). From postnatal day (PND) 28 until PND70, female pups (n=8) from the dam milk groups were exposed to either an NP milk diet (NPMW) or to dietary self-selection (DSS). All other pups were only exposed to DSS. The DSS design was a choice between five food cups containing HPM, HPP, HPT, carbohydrates or lipids. The weights and food intakes of the animals were recorded throughout the study, and samples from offspring were collected on PND70. During the lactation and postweaning periods, body weight was lower in the pea and turkey groups (NPG and HPG) versus the milk group (P<.0001). DSS groups increased their total energy and fat intakes compared to the NPMW group (P<.0001). In all HPG groups, total adipose tissue was increased (P=.03) associated with higher fasting plasma leptin (P<.05). These results suggest that the maternal protein source impacted offspring body weight and that protein excess during gestation, irrespective of its source, increased the risk of adiposity development in female adult offspring

Late stage modifications of phosphine oxide ligands by iron‐catalyzed hydrogen borrowing reactions

International audienceα-Alkylation reaction involving methyldiarylphosphine oxides and (hetero)arylmethanols as the electrophilic partners can be performed using iron based catalyst under hydrogen borrowing conditions. Various (hetero)arylmethanols can be used leading to the corresponding alkyldiarylphosphine oxides with moderate to good yields. © 202

Synthesis of P-Stereogenic Phosphines Based on Chiral Aminoalcohols as Chiral Auxiliary.

Part XI, Chapter

Iron-catalyzed hydrosilylation of diacids in the presence of amines: a new route to cyclic amines

International audienceCyclic amines (such as pyrrolidines, piperidines and azepanes) are present in a large class of natural products and bioactive molecules. Herein, we present a novel chemoselective strategy for buildingN-substituted cyclic aminesviairon catalyzed one-pot hydrosilylation starting from readily available dicarboxylic acids and amines, with hydrosilanes as the hydride sources. The described methodology allows the preparation of a wide range ofN-alkylated and arylated cyclic amine derivatives (including pharmaceuticals Fenpiprane and Prozapine) in moderate to excellent yields, starting from inexpensive succinic, glutaric, and adipic acids with dimethyl carbonate as a green solvent