Libyan Agriculture: A Review of Past Efforts, Current Challenges and Future Prospects

By increasing the agricultural sector productivity, Libya will decrease their current dependency on other countries for food and potentially could stimulate the economy by increasing food exports. Like many other countries in the region, agriculture in Libya is constrained by its limited arable land and low soil fertility. Desertification and limited freshwater resources are the two greatest challenges for future agricultural development. In addition, the intrusion of the seawater into the groundwater is causing soils to become salt-affected. Many important crops in the country are susceptible to pests. These challenges have not been addressed because of the lack of specialists and institutions engaged in the National Plant Protection Program. Increasing crop productivity depends on identifying proper management strategies of natural resources and pests as well as seed development. Keywords: agriculture, desertification, food, Libya, salt-affected soils, soi

Two-Hop Routing with Traffic-Differentiation for QoS Guarantee in Wireless Sensor Networks

This paper proposes a Traffic-Differentiated Two-Hop Routing protocol for Quality of Service (QoS) in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). It targets WSN applications having different types of data traffic with several priorities. The protocol achieves to increase Packet Reception Ratio (PRR) and reduce end-to-end delay while considering multi-queue priority policy, two-hop neighborhood information, link reliability and power efficiency. The protocol is modular and utilizes effective methods for estimating the link metrics. Numerical results show that the proposed protocol is a feasible solution to addresses QoS service differenti- ation for traffic with different priorities.Comment: 13 page