Bee richness and abundance in small fruit farms from the semiarid landscape, NE, Brazil

Bee diversity and current status of native populations is barely known in cropland from semiarid Sergipe, where fruit production is a growing activity among small farmers. Psidium guajava L. (Myrtaceae) is spread among small growers in Canindé de São Francisco and Poço Redondo in Sergipe state, Northeastern Brazil, in semiarid Caatinga, causing landscape change and habitat loss. Available evidences support that cross-pollination provided by bees may increase seed set and fruit production, despite self-pollination. We aimed to access bee richness and abundance within Guava orchard and identify landscape parameters important to these patterns. Survey was conducted in ten Guava orchards during the flowering period (n=10) from May to December 2017. Nine bee species were recorded and the high density and generalist bees Trigona spinipes and Apis mellifera comprised 92% of the flower visitors. No other social native bees were found, and solitary bees were scarce. No significant influence of landscape structure was found for bee richness, while bee abundance was affected by environmental diversity, isolation, and distance to caatinga patches and continuous vegetation reserves. Landscape simplification threatened bee diversity and pollination services. These results highlight the importance of providing bee habitat within farmlands, rearing stingless bees and restoring natural habitats along streams to increase wild bee populations within crops.Bee diversity and the status of native populations are barely known in cropland from semiarid Sergipe, where fruit production is a growing activity among small farmers. Psidium guajava L. (Myrtaceae) is spread among small farmers in Canindé de São Francisco and Poço Redondo in Sergipe state, Northeastern Brazil, in semiarid Caatinga, causing landscape change and habitat loss. Available evidence supports that cross-pollination provided by bees may increase seed set and fruit production, despite self-pollination. We aimed to access bee richness and abundance within the Guava orchard and identify landscape variables influencing them. The survey was conducted in ten Guava orchards during the flowering period (n=10) from May to December 2017. Nine bee species were recorded. No significant effect of landscape structure on richness was detected, maybe because of the low number of bee species recorded. The high-density and generalist bees Trigona spinipes and Apis mellifera comprised 92% of the flower visitors. No other social native bees were found, and solitary bees were scarce. Native bees that are habitat-sensitive (nesting in cavities on tree trunks) and specialized feeders are the losers. Bee abundance was affected by environmental diversity, isolation, and distance to Caatinga patches and continuous vegetation reserves. These results highlight the importance of the adequate management of natural or semi-natural pollinator habitats in the surrounding landscape. Conserving and restoring natural areas is recommended to provide nesting habitats, diversified flower sources, and connectivity within farmland to increase native bee populations, both solitary and social, within the Guava crop. Further studies linking landscape variables and the potential impact on the stability of crop pollination are needed

Análise descritiva das notificações de eventos adversos de produtos cosméticos registradas no Notivisa, no período de 2006 a 2018

Introduction: The National Health Surveillance Agency (Anvisa) defines cosmetovigilance as the set of measures that allows assessing the risk of occurrence of undesirable events attributed to the use of cosmetic products, including the capture of adverse events (AE). From 2006 Anvisa began to receive EA notifications involving cosmetic products, with the implementation of the Sanitary Surveillance Notification System (Notivisa). Objective: This study analyzed the notifications of adverse effects related to the use of cosmetic products, registered in Notivisa, from 2006 to 2018. Method: This is a quantitative, descriptive and retrospective study whose database was extracted from the Notivisa system, nationwide, from November 2006 to December 2018. Results: We identified 367 adverse effects involving cosmetic products with an average of 31 notifications per year. Reports of adverse effects came mainly from the Southeast (48.1%; 176) and South (25.1%; 92) regions of the country with a predominance of females (66.2%; 243). It was observed that the citizen is the on ewho most reports adverse effects (58.0%; 213) related to cosmetic products, with more complaints about infant and geriatric diapers (15.0%; 26), facial / body creams (14.1%; 24), hair straighteners (17.8%; 35) and sunscreens (14.8%; 29). The most common adverse effects were irritation (46.0%; 17), allergy (30.5%; 11) and burning (30.5%; 11). The reported effects are mostly performed by female citizens from the richest regions of the country, attributed to products of daily use and characterized by the presence of irritation, allergy and burning. Conclusions: These results have demonstrated the need to improve Anvisa’s Cosmetovigilance System, defining strategies for adherence to adverse effect reports, as well as the adoption of a causal assessment method appropriate to the specificities of cosmetic products.Introdução: A Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (Anvisa) define a cosmetovigilância como o conjunto de medidas que permite avaliar o risco de ocorrência de eventos indesejáveis atribuídos à utilização de produtos cosméticos, contemplando a captação dos eventos adversos (EA). A partir do ano de 2006 a Anvisa passou a receber as notificações de EA envolvendo produtos cosméticos, com a implementação do Sistema de Notificação para a Vigilância Sanitária (Notivisa). Objetivo: Este estudo analisou as notificações dos EA relacionados ao uso de produtos cosméticos, registradas no Notivisa, no período de 2006 a 2018. Método: Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, descritivo e retrospectivo, cujo banco de dados foi extraído do sistema Notivisa, em âmbito nacional, no período de novembro de 2006 até dezembro de 2018. Resultados: Foram identificados 367 EA envolvendo produtos cosméticos com uma média de 31 notificações por ano. Os relatos dos EA foram provenientes, principalmente, das regiões Sudeste (48,1%; 176) e Sul (25,1%; 92) do país, com predominância do sexo feminino (66,2%; 243). Observou-se que o cidadão é quem mais notifica EA (58,0%; 213) relacionados a produtos cosméticos, com maior queixa sobre: fraldas infantis e geriátricas (15,0%; 26), cremes facial/corporal (14,1%; 24), alisantes capilares (17,8%; 35) e protetores solares (14,8%; 29). Os EA mais frequentes foram: irritação (46,0%; 17), alergia (30,5%; 11) e ardor (30,5%; 11). Os eventos relatados são, em sua maioria, realizados por cidadãos do sexo feminino e oriundos das regiões mais ricas do país, atribuídos a produtos de uso diário e caracterizados pela presença de irritação, alergia e ardor. Conclusões: Tais resultados demonstraram a necessidade de aperfeiçoamento do Sistema de Cosmetovigilância da Anvisa, com definição de estratégias para adesão às notificações de EA, bem como, a adoção de um método de avaliação de causalidade adequado às especificidades de produtos cosméticos

Seasonal larval composition and abundance of shrimps in the surrounding area of the Patos Laggon Mouth

Larval phases of seven species of shrimps were found in the surrounding area of the Patos Lagoon mouth. Zooplankton and hydrographic sample in four seasonal cruises were undertaken between November 1982 and August 1983 in the coastal marine area around the Patos Lagoon mouth. Seasonal species composition andntheir abundance were compared showing variations according to the season. Artemesia Longinaris and Pleoticus muelleri were well represented throughout the year; Acetes americanus was present during summer and autumn; Sicyonia typica only during autumn; Lucifer faxoni during summer and autumn; Peisos petrunkevitchi during autumn, winter and spring and Farfantepenaeus paulensis during spring and summer

Key to the larvae and decapodids of genera of the Infraorder Penaeidea from southern Brazilian coast

An ilustrated key with criteria for differentiating phases and stages of fifteen genera of penaied larvae and magalopa of the Southern Brazilian coast was constructed entirely from planktonic samples and published larval descriptions. The key identifies the genera Aristeomorpha; Gennadas; Pleoticus; Solenocera; Mesopenaeus; Sicyonia; Xiphopenaeus; Trachypenaeus; Artemesia; Parapenaeus; Penaeus; Sergestes; Acetes; Peisos; and Lucifer

Descrição morfológica e desenvolvimento da Zoé I de Exhippolysmata oplophoroides (Holthuis, 1948) (Caridea, Hippolytidae) em laboratório

Fêmeas ovígeras de Exhippolysmata oplophoroides foram coletadas à 8 metros de profundidade, na Praia do Cassino (32° 11’ S, 050° 08’ W) RS, Brasil, transportadas até o Laboratório de Ecologia de Larvas (FURG) e mantidas até a desova. Foram individualizadas 240 larvas recém eclodidas em caixas plásticas, com 24 divisões de 125 ml de capacidade cada uma e mantidas sob condições controladas de laboratório (salinidade 30, temperaturas de 25±1°C e 22±1°C) e alimentadas ad libitum com náuplios recém eclodidos de Artemia sp. A descrição do primeiro estágio larval, Zoé I (ZI), foi realizada com o auxílio de num microscópio Olympus BX-50 com Contraste de Interferência de Fase Nomarski. A descrição foi comparada com as de outras espécies da mesma família. Foi analisada a influência da temperatura no desenvolvimento da Zoé I. As larvas mantidas em 25±1°C levaram 3 dias, para passar de ZI para ZII, enquanto que as mantidas a 22±1°C levaram até 6 dias para sofrerem esta mudança.Ovigerous females of Exhippolysmata oplophoroides were colleted at 8 m depth. in Cassino Beach (32° 11’ S, 050° 08’ W) RS, Brazil, transported to the Larval Ecology Laboratory (FURG) and maintained until spawning. After hatching 240 larvae were individualized in 10 plastic boxes, with 24 divisions of 125 ml of capacity each and maintained under laboratory conditions (salinity 30 and temperatures of 25±1°C and 22±1°C). They were feed ad libitum with newly hatched Artemia sp. nauplii. Description of the first larval stage, Zoea I (ZI) was carried out with the aid of an Olympus BX-50 microscope with Nomarski Interference Contrast Phase. The description was compared with other family species. The influence of temperature was analysed in the larval development. At 25±1°C the larvae spent 3 days to change from ZI to ZII, while at 22±1°C took 6 days

Description and Development of Zoea I of Exhippolysmata oplophoroides (Holthuis, 1948) (Caridea, Hppolytidae) under laboratory conditions

Submitted by Cristina Damasceno ([email protected]) on 2012-07-24T02:53:16Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Descrição morfológica e desenvlvimento da Zoé I de Exhippolysmata oplophoroides (Holthuis, 1948) (Caridea, Hippolytidae) em laboratório.pdf: 1129934 bytes, checksum: c4e72fc838131b61c1491598d65759c6 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Sabrina Andrade([email protected]) on 2012-07-30T14:45:37Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Descrição morfológica e desenvlvimento da Zoé I de Exhippolysmata oplophoroides (Holthuis, 1948) (Caridea, Hippolytidae) em laboratório.pdf: 1129934 bytes, checksum: c4e72fc838131b61c1491598d65759c6 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2012-07-30T14:45:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Descrição morfológica e desenvlvimento da Zoé I de Exhippolysmata oplophoroides (Holthuis, 1948) (Caridea, Hippolytidae) em laboratório.pdf: 1129934 bytes, checksum: c4e72fc838131b61c1491598d65759c6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003Fêmeas ovígeras de Exhippolysmata oplophoroides foram coletadas à 8 metros de profundidade, na Praia do Cassino (32° 11’ S, 050° 08’ W) RS, Brasil, transportadas até o Laboratório de Ecologia de Larvas (FURG) e mantidas até a desova. Foram individualizadas 240 larvas recém eclodidas em caixas plásticas, com 24 divisões de 125 ml de capacidade cada uma e mantidas sob condições controladas de laboratório (salinidade 30, temperaturas de 25±1°C e 22±1°C) e alimentadas ad libitum com náuplios recém eclodidos de Artemia sp. A descrição do primeiro estágio larval, Zoé I (ZI), foi realizada com o auxílio de num microscópio Olympus BX-50 com Contraste de Interferência de Fase Nomarski. A descrição foi comparada com as de outras espécies da mesma família. Foi analisada a influência da temperatura no desenvolvimento da Zoé I. As larvas mantidas em 25±1°C levaram 3 dias, para passar de ZI para ZII, enquanto que as mantidas a 22±1°C levaram até 6 dias para sofrerem esta mudança.Ovigerous females of Exhippolysmata oplophoroides were colleted at 8 m depth. in Cassino Beach (32° 11’ S, 050° 08’ W) RS, Brazil, transported to the Larval Ecology Laboratory (FURG) and maintained until spawning. After hatching 240 larvae were individualized in 10 plastic boxes, with 24 divisions of 125 ml of capacity each and maintained under laboratory conditions (salinity 30 and temperatures of 25±1°C and 22±1°C). They were feed ad libitum with newly hatched Artemia sp. nauplii. Description of the first larval stage, Zoea I (ZI) was carried out with the aid of an Olympus BX-50 microscope with Nomarski Interference Contrast Phase. The description was compared with other family species. The influence of temperature was analysed in the larval development. At 25±1°C the larvae spent 3 days to change from ZI to ZII, while at 22±1°C took 6 days

Descrição dos estágios larvais de Emerita brasiliensis Schmitt, 1935 (Decapoda: Hippidae) obtidos de amostras do plâncton, Rio Grande do Sul

Oito estágios larvais de Emerita brasiliensis foram determinados de amostras provenientes do plâncton. Para a caracterização dos estágios foram utilizados apêndices e estruturas de fácil manipulação, visando um processamento mais rápido das larvas nos estudos quantitativos de plâncton. Estes apêndices foram: a antênula com o número e a disposição dos seus estetos; o primeiro e o segundo maxilípedes, com seus respectivos números de cerdas do exopodito; o urópodo, com o número de cerdas do exopodito. Os estágios larvais de Emerita brasiliensis foram comparados com larvas de outras espécies do mesmo gênero e com as obtidas em laboratório.Eight larval stages of Emerita brasiliensis were determined from pianktonic samples. The caracterization of stages was made through easily handled appendages aiming at faster processing of these larvae in quantitative studies of the plankton. The characters used were antennule, with the number and the position of the aesthetascs, the number of exopodite setae of the first and second maxilliped, and the number of exopodite setae of the uropod. The larval stages of E. brasiliensis were compared with larvae obtained in laboratory and with larvae of other congeneric species

Larval distribution of Libinia spinosa Milne-Edwards, 1834 (Decapoda, Brachyura, Majidae) off Southern Brazil

Larval distribution and abundance of libinia spinosa(Milne Edwards 1834) were studied in southern Brazilian coastal waters from plankton sample taken during two seasonal surveys. Larvac were present during all seasons with abundance peaks in spring and summer. Highest seasonal abundance(ind./100m³) were 515 in summer, 56 in spring, 19 in autumn and in winter. First zoeal stage larvae were abundant nearshore, indicating recent spwning activity in coastal water. The co-occurrence of the second zoeal stage and the megalopa in the same region of hatching, and scarcity in offshore samples suggests that larval dispersion of Libinia Spinosa is low and that this species shares a common hatching and recruitment area, Both larval stages and megalopa were restricted to the inner shelf up to 50 m isobath within the area of major Coastal Water influence, were zooplakton biomass wass higth