Rethinking the State-Local Relationship: Child Welfare Services

Outlines funding concerns and joint state-county actions needed to raise cost efficiency in child welfare services: create meaningful local flexibility, identify core outcomes, address federal funding constraints, and integrate with other social services

Foster Care in California: Achievements and Challenges

Examines changes in California's foster care policies, processes, and practices; progress since 2000 in reducing the number of children in foster care; contributing factors; and remaining challenges, including issues of payments and aging out

Can HIPC Reduce Poverty in Tanzania?

While growth has increased in Tanzania during the past five or six years, it is still too low to have a visible impact on poverty. Indeed, recent evidence suggests that the amount of both income and non-income poverty are roughly the same as they were a decade ago. Since debt relief provided under HIPC will free government resources, the initiative will potentially help reduce poverty through larger government expenditures on social sectors. However, it is unlikely that Tanzania will be able to reach the situation projected in the Decision Point document; projections are extremely optimistic, and deviations from these are likely to lead to a rapid accumulation of debt, so debt sustainability – as reflected in the debt-to-export ratio – will not be met.Tanzania; HIPC; debt; growth

Economic and Institutional Reforms in French-speaking West Africa Impact on Efficiency and Growth

Economic reforms, West Africa, Institutions, Privatization

When Do the Poor Benefit From Growth, and Why?

This paper summarizes and synthesizes some literature that picks up and extends the discussion of Dollar and Kraay (2000). While most of the theory has been known for a long time, the empirical material that has gradually become available in the past decade or so in the form of household budget surveys has made it possible to paint a more detailed and nuanced picture than the one usually available. Here, three major arguments are developed. First, the poverty reduction (PR) impact of a certain rate of growth depends crucially on the pattern of that growth, with rural growth usually being more efficient than urban growth, and agricultural growth more efficient than manufacturing growth. Second, poverty reduction in agriculture is much stronger in the medium run than in the short run. This is because the indirect PR effect – a multiplier effect – is typically much stronger than the direct one. Third, there is much that both governments and donors can do to improve the rate of PR, including appropriate targeting of public expenditure, increased provision of primary education to address growth-hampering income inequality, and better focus onb gender issues.poverty reduction; growth; agriculture

Application of digital computer techniques to rectification and enhancement of astronomical images

An image processing program is reported to analyze the high resolution images obtained by the balloon borne 36 in. diameter stratoscope 2 telescope. A film recording device is described which is capable of converting numerical data from the computer into photographic images

USING TECHNICAL DATA FOR STATE AND LOCAL GROUNDWATER POLICY MAKING

Resource /Energy Economics and Policy,

Ball Is Life

Molly Danielson discusses student engagement at Linfield College with regard to her participation on the women\u27s basketball team.https://digitalcommons.linfield.edu/inauguration2019_students/1019/thumbnail.jp