Translating Aboriginal Land Rights into Development Outcomes: Factors Contributing to a Successful Program in Central Australia

This paper explores some of the factors that appear to be supporting the growth and success of the Central Land Council's multimillion-dollar Aboriginal community development program that operates across Central Australia. The program has driven a major change in the way that Aboriginal groups across Central Australia apply a significant amount of their income. It has introduced a facilitated process that supports Aboriginal groups to set and achieve development objectives using income earned from collectively owned land. The program is premised on empowerment, ownership and control at the group level. Establishment of this process has taken time and commitment, in a context where participants are generally focused on individual autonomy and decision making at the family or very local level. However, the program is showing signs of real success in delivering Aboriginal control and empowerment, and a range of social, cultural and economic benefits. The paper explores the factors that appear to underpin this success. What is clear is that facilitating Aboriginal control is developing Aboriginal collective capacity to determine development in line with Aboriginal values and priorities, and is delivering outcomes people want to see

The Radical Potential of Public Hearings: A Rhetorical Assessment of Resistance and Indecorous Voice in Public Participation Processes

Little scholarship in environmental communication has considered the intersections between public participation and social movement. We fill this gap by discussing how public participation process can become sites of radical politics when publics employ disruptive or improper tactics, known as indecorous voice. Indecorum can be used to sustain protest matters beyond official forums, engage multiple audiences, and forge new identities among publics. We demonstrate the utility of indecorum through two case studies: Love Canal, NY where residents combat exposure to toxic chemicals, and Salt Lake City, UT, where publics challenge industrial expansion in a fight for clean air

From Interpreting Student to Deaf Interpreter: A Case Study of Vocational Identity Development

Research indicates that the development of a vocational identity is critical to the process of adult maturation and for creating a sense of purpose in one’s life. Deaf individuals in the United States are increasingly interested in establishing a vocation in signed language interpreting, despite workplace obstacles experienced by other oppressed and marginalized populations. Career identity has been examined in several professions, but little is known about the factors underlying the vocational identity development of Deaf interpreters. To address this gap, the researchers adopted a case study approach to explore the experiences of two Deaf students during their first semester in an undergraduate interpreting program. We analyzed video recordings of interaction between the students and a Deaf instructor, the students’ responses during an end-of-semester interview, and the students’ biographical information. Taken together, the data reveal factors that shaped their paths as interpreters including: (a) educational background, (b) professional experience, (c) bilingual and bicultural fluency, (d) personal identity, and (e) guidance from a Deaf instructor. This paper illuminates how two Deaf students who engaged in separate but interlocking paths developed a vocational identity as interpreters – or changed course – in their career trajectories

Patient Perspectives of the Doctor-at-Home Service

Introduction. Home health care has been established as an effective model for reducing mortality in the elderly. The Doctor-at-Home Service at the Community Health Centers of Burlington (CHCB) has offered home health care to Burlington residents since January 2015. Dr. Karen Sokol, MD, alone provides care to 176 patients at their homes, including at-home palliative care. CHCB hope to expand this program by hiring more providers. Objective. To understand the impact of the Doctor-at-Home Service from the pa- tients’ perspective. Methods. A survey was administered to a cohort of eighteen patients over an 8- week period and addressed topics such as barriers to healthcare, benefits, and costs associated with doctor-at-home programs. A theme analysis on the responses was then conducted to reflect patient opinions. Available summary data describing the pa- tient population was also analyzed. Results. The Doctor- at- Home program serves patients ranging from 26 to 100 years old, with the majority of the patient population comprised of senior citizens. Prior to at home care, patients faced barriers such as lack of transportation, negative past experi- ences, anxiety, and distance from relatives. Four main themes from patient responses were physician-patient relationship, convenience, quality of care, and environment of care. Discussion. Evidence is compelling that there is a desire and need for an exten- sion of the Doctor-at-Home program to reach additional patients. Doctor-at-Home pro- grams could eliminate identified barriers and provide quality care to patients, especially those with specific barriers to access.https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/comphp_gallery/1256/thumbnail.jp

Gender differences in self-compassion: a latent profile analysis of compassionate and uncompassionate self-relating in a large adolescent sample

Self-compassion, a healthy way of relating to oneself, may promote psychological resilience during adolescence. How adolescents engage with self-compassion, and whether they have distinct self-compassionate or uncompassionate psychological profiles, is unclear. This study investigated potential self-compassion profiles based on responses to the Self-Compassion Scale–Short Form (SCS-SF) and examined their relationship with a range of mental health symptoms and cognitive and emotional tendencies. A large cross-sectional sample of high school students (N = 950; Mage = 13.70 years, SDage = 0.72, range = 12 to 16 years; 434 female and 495 male) completed several online self-report measures including the SCS-SF. Latent profile analysis identified parsimonious self-compassion profiles by gender using the six SCS-SF subscales. Five female profiles included ‘Low Self-Relating’, ‘Uncompassionate’, ‘High Self-Relating’, ‘Moderately Compassionate’ and ‘Highly Compassionate’. Comparatively, two male profiles included ‘Low Self-Relating’ and ‘Moderately Self-Relating’. Low Self-Relating involved low levels of both compassionate and uncompassionate responding, and Moderately Self-Relating involved higher levels of both. Low Self-Relating and Highly Compassionate profiles for females consistently reported lower levels of anxiety and depression symptoms, maladaptive perfectionism, intolerance of uncertainty, repetitive thinking and avoidance-fusion thinking patterns compared to the other female profiles. Low Self-Relating males reported more adaptive outcomes compared to Moderate Self-Relating males. These findings illustrate important adolescent gender differences in compassionate and uncompassionate self-response profiles. Results suggest self-compassion is an important psychological construct with diverse mental health benefits for females, whereas for males a lack of attachment to either response styles are linked with better psychological outcomes

Examining the Association of Second Grade Children\u27s Sleep and Screen Time Recommendations

Background: Adequate sleep is essential for various health outcomes (e.g., obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease). However, sleep time is threatened by the increased opportunities for unsupervised screen time available to children of all ages. The American Academy of Sleep Medicine recommends that elementary-aged children sleep between 9-12 hours per night. Further, the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that children\u27s recreational screen time be limited to less than two hours per day. Excess screen use can delay bedtime and lead to less restful sleep. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between adhering to screentime guidelines (/day) and the likelihood of meeting sleep guidelines (9-12 hours/day) in 2nd-grade children. Methods: This study utilized two waves (2015-2016 and 2019-2020) of 2nd graders\u27 parent-reported weighted survey data from the Texas School Physical Activity and Nutrition (SPAN) cross-sectional survey. Results: The final analytic sample included (n=3,193) individuals (53% female, 62% Hispanic) across two years of data collection. 65% of parents/guardians reported their children met the sleep guidelines, while 33% of parents/guardians reported their children meeting the screentime guideline. After controlling for BMI, race/ethnicity, school disadvantage, education, sex, and year of collection, parents who reported their children met the screentime guideline had 1.53 greater odds of meeting sleep guidelines compared to children whose parent/guardians reported their children did not meet the screentime guidelines OR (1.53 95%CI = 1.18, 1.99). In stratified analyses, we found that the associations between meeting sleep and screen time guidelines were primarily true for White children. A higher proportion of white children were more likely to meet both sleep time and screen time recommendations compared to black and Hispanic children, while Black and Hispanic children were as likely to meet screen time guidelines as White children; both groups had significantly lower odds of meeting sleep guidelines compared to White children OR 0.32 (95%CI = 0.18, 0.58) and OR 0.49 (95%CI = 0.29, 0.83) respectively. Discussion: Children\u27s ability to meet the recommended sleep guidelines is associated with screentime guideline adherence. Further exploration is needed to understand racial/ethnic differences in guideline adherence for screentime and sleep. Interventions targeting sleep characteristics (e.g., duration, quality, and timing) should consider concomitantly targeting screentime adherence in elementary-aged children

Post-implementation perspectives on smokefree prison policy: a qualitative study with staff and people in custody

Background A comprehensive smokefree prison policy (SFPP) was introduced in Scottish prisons from November 2018, reflecting concern about inequalities in occupational exposures to second-hand smoke (SHS), and tobacco-related harms among people in custody (PiC). We aimed to address a gap, whereby few studies have sought to understand SFPP from the perspectives of people living and working in prisons. Methods As part of a comprehensive evaluation, 14 focus groups with staff and 23 interviews with PiC were conducted 6-8 months post-implementation of SFPP in Scotland. Data were analysed using the framework approach. Findings Our study found that new restrictions on smoking had been widely accepted by PiC, after a period of adjustment which was less troublesome than participants had anticipated. Benefits of the SFPP for the safety and comfort of staff and PiC who were no longer exposed to SHS, and additionally for the health of PiC who were now smoking-abstinent, were widely acknowledged. Drawbacks of the SFPP, such as difficulties managing without tobacco and use of alternatives (e.g. e-cigarettes and changes in use of illegal drugs), were also reported. Contraband tobacco was not reported to be a major problem following prisons becoming smokefree. Conclusions The findings strengthen evidence that SFPPs can be implemented without causing major disruption and highlight the need for removal of tobacco to be underpinned by careful planning, partnership working, and ensuring the availability of support for smokers. Experiences from Scotland may be of interest, and some comfort, internationally for jurisdictions considering smoke-free rules in prisons