Real-time measurement of Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocyte cytoadhesion with a quartz crystal microbalance

Additional file 2. Example frequency shift after adding RBCs to a PLL-coated quartz. For this experiment RBCs were added to a PLL-coated quartz. It can clearly be seen that cells attached rapidly (within minutes) to the quartz indicated by a very strong frequency shift (−3389 Hz). This shows that PLL is unspecifically sticky to cells and RBCs attach rapidly to it