Socioeconomic Patterns in Budget Share Allocations of Regulated Foods and Beverages in Chile: A Longitudinal Analysis

Chile has enacted stringent legislation regulating food and beverage labeling and advertising. This study assesses the changes in the average relative allocations of food and beverage budgets for regulated versus not regulated products in households of different socioeconomic and demographic backgrounds. A household fixed effect before–after model is estimated and the marginal effects in the changes of levels and trends in budget shares and purchased volumes after the implementation of the regulations are examined. The results highlight how impactful food policies can shift consumption toward healthier products

Mature iPSC-derived astrocytes of an ALS/FTD patient carrying the TDP43A90V mutation display a mild reactive state and release polyP toxic to motoneurons

Astrocytes play a critical role in the maintenance of a healthy central nervous system and astrocyte dysfunction has been implicated in various neurodegenerative disorders, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). There is compelling evidence that mouse and human ALS and ALS/FTD astrocytes can reduce the number of healthy wild-type motoneurons (MNs) in co-cultures or after treatment with astrocyte conditioned media (ACM), independently of their genotype. A growing number of studies have shown that soluble toxic factor(s) in the ACM cause non-cell autonomous MN death, including our recent identification of inorganic polyphosphate (polyP) that is excessively released from mouse primary astrocytes (SOD1, TARDBP, and C9ORF72) and human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC)-derived astrocytes (TARDBP) to kill MNs. However, others have reported that astrocytes carrying mutant TDP43 do not produce detectable MN toxicity. This controversy is likely to arise from the findings that human iPSC-derived astrocytes exhibit a rather immature and/or reactive phenotype in a number of studies. Here, we have succeeded in generating a highly homogenous population of functional quiescent mature astrocytes from control subject iPSCs. Using identical conditions, we also generated mature astrocytes from an ALS/FTD patient carrying the TDP43A90V mutation. These mutant TDP43 patient-derived astrocytes exhibit key pathological hallmarks, including enhanced cytoplasmic TDP-43 and polyP levels. Additionally, mutant TDP43 astrocytes displayed a mild reactive signature and an aberrant function as they were unable to promote synaptogenesis of hippocampal neurons. The polyP-dependent neurotoxic nature of the TDP43A90V mutation was further confirmed as neutralization of polyP in ACM derived from mutant TDP43 astrocytes prevented MN death. Our results establish that human astrocytes carrying the TDP43A90V mutation exhibit a cell-autonomous pathological signature, hence providing an experimental model to decipher the molecular mechanisms underlying the generation of the neurotoxic phenotype

Enfermedades crónicas

Adherencia al tratamiento farmacológico y relación con el control metabólico en pacientes con DM2Aluminio en pacientes con terapia de reemplazo renal crónico con hemodiálisis en Bogotá, ColombiaAmputación de extremidades inferiores: ¿están aumentando las tasas?Consumo de edulcorantes artificiales en jóvenes universitariosCómo crecen niños normales de 2 años que son sobrepeso a los 7 añosDiagnóstico con enfoque territorial de salud cardiovascular en la Región MetropolitanaEfecto a corto plazo de una intervención con ejercicio físico, en niños con sobrepesoEfectos de la cirugía bariátrica en pacientes con síndrome metabólico e IMC < 35 KG/M2Encuesta mundial de tabaquismo en estudiantes de profesiones de saludEnfermedades crónicas no transmisibles: Consecuencias sociales-sanitarias de comunidades rurales en ChileEpidemiología de las muertes hospitalarias por patologías relacionadas a muerte encefálica, Chile 2003-2007Estado nutricional y conductas alimentarias en adolescentes de 4º medio de la Región de CoquimboEstudio de calidad de vida en una muestra del plan piloto para hepatitis CEvaluación del proceso asistencial y de resultados de salud del GES de diabetes mellitus 2Factores de riesgo cardiovascular en población universitaria de la Facsal, universidad de TarapacáImplicancias psicosociales en la génesis, evolución y tratamiento de pacientes con hipertensión arterial esencialInfarto agudo al miocardio (IAM): Realidad en el Hospital de Puerto Natales, 2009-2010Introducción de nuevas TIC y mejoría de la asistencia a un programa de saludNiños obesos atendidos en el Cesfam de Puerto Natales y su entorno familiarPerfil de la mortalidad por cáncer de cuello uterino en Río de JaneiroPerfil del paciente primo-consultante del Programa de Salud Cardiovascular, Consultorio Cordillera Andina, Los AndesPrevalencia de automedicación en mujeres beneficiarias del Hospital Comunitario de Til-TiPrevalencia de caries en población preescolar y su relación con malnutrición por excesoPrevalencia de retinopatía diabética en comunas dependientes del Servicio de Salud Metropolitano Occidente (SSMOC)Problemas de adherencia farmacológica antihipertensiva en población mapuche: Un estudio cualitativoRol biológico de los antioxidantes innatos en pacientes portadores de VIH/SidaSobrepeso en empleados de un restaurante de una universidad pública del estado de São Paul

Socioeconomic Patterns in Budget Share Allocations of Regulated Foods and Beverages in Chile: A Longitudinal Analysis

Chile has enacted stringent legislation regulating food and beverage labeling and advertising. This study assesses the changes in the average relative allocations of food and beverage budgets for regulated versus not regulated products in households of different socioeconomic and demographic backgrounds. A household fixed effect before–after model is estimated and the marginal effects in the changes of levels and trends in budget shares and purchased volumes after the implementation of the regulations are examined. The results highlight how impactful food policies can shift consumption toward healthier products

Feedback no âmbito da produção escrita: análise das percepções dos estudantes no contexto escolar chileno

Feedback allows students not only to recognize their learning gaps, but also to work on them in order to achieve the expected results. Given its relevance, this study addresses the lack of effective feedback in writing processes, especially in the primary and secondary school contexts in Chile. The main objective is to analyze the perceptions of seventh grade language and literature students regarding feedback after the implementation of a pedagogical strategy. Twenty-three students from a Chilean school were interviewed before and after the intervention, which included quantitative and qualitative data. The results showed significant changes in students' perceptions of the value of feedback, its reflective potential, and the encouragement of participation. These findings support the need to incorporate effective feedback strategies into school settings, to integrate them into lesson planning, and to develop concrete activities that encourage their implementation.La retroalimentación es una instancia que permite al estudiantado reconocer no solo sus brechas de aprendizaje, sino también trabajar en ellas para alcanzar los resultados esperados. Dada su relevancia, este estudio aborda la carencia de retroalimentación efectiva en los procesos de escritura, en particular en el contexto escolar primario y secundario en Chile. El objetivo principal es analizar las percepciones de estudiantes de séptimo básico en la asignatura de Lengua y Literatura respecto a la retroalimentación, tras la implementación de una estrategia pedagógica. Se aplicó una encuesta pre y pos intervención a 23 estudiantes de un colegio chileno, y se analizaron datos cuantitativos y cualitativos. Los resultados evidenciaron cambios significativos en la percepción de estudiantes sobre el sentido de la retroalimentación, su potencial reflexivo y la participación incentivada. Estos hallazgos respaldan la necesidad de incorporar estrategias de retroalimentación efectiva en entornos escolares, integrándolas a las planificaciones de aula y desarrollando actividades concretas que propicien su implementación en el salón de clase.O feedback é uma instância que permite ao estudante reconhecer não apenas suas lacunas de aprendizagem, mas também trabalhá-las para alcançar os resultados esperados. Dada a sua relevância, este estudo aborda a falta de feedback eficaz nos processos de escrita, particularmente no contexto do ensino primário e secundário no Chile. O objetivo principal é analisar as percepções dos estudantes do sétimo ano da matéria de Língua e Literatura quanto ao feedback, após a implementação de uma estratégia pedagógica. Uma pesquisa pré e pós-intervenção foi aplicada a 23 estudantes de um colégio chileno e foram analisados ​​dados quantitativos e qualitativos. Os resultados apontaram mudanças significativas na percepção dos estudantes sobre o sentido do feedback, seu potencial reflexivo e a participação incentivada. Estas conclusões apoiam a necessidade de incorporar estratégias eficazes de feedback nos ambientes escolares, integrando-as no planeamento da sala de aula e desenvolvendo atividades concretas que incentivem a sua implementação na sala de aula

Effects of preparation on catalytic, magnetic and hybrid micromotors on their functional features and application in gastric cancer biomarker detection

Artificial micromotors evolve to improve multitasking performance in different research areas, and different power sources are combined to give rise to hybrid micromotors. Such combinations can alter physical features and influence movement aspects that until now have not been taken into account. Here, we comparatively studied how physical features of magnetic (erGO/Ni), catalytic (erGO/Pt), or dual propulsion (erGO/Pt-Ni and its inverted form erGO/Ni-Pt) micromotors can influence direction and speed. The results showed that erGO/Pt and erGO/Ni microtubes presented different growth modes dependent on experimental conditions. For the hybrid form, similar features were observed but thicker and shorter than their individual versions. The catalytic motion comparison demonstrated that the main movement pattern was circular, and erGO/Pt micromotors were faster than the hybrid form, reaching speeds up to 360 mu m s(-1). The addition of a third material decreased significantly the speed especially when nickel was in the last layer, demonstrating that the order in which metallic elements are deposited is relevant and influences the speed. The erGO/Pt microtubes were selected to detect Reprimo, a gastric cancer biomarker. The detection assay (static or catalytic conditions) relies on the turnoff/turn-on fluorescence recovery due to the hybridization process between the Reprimo probe tagged with a fluorescein amidine dye and target biomarker Reprimo ssDNA, followed by its detachment from microtube. The catalytic detection results have shown to possess great selectivity as well as good reproducibility and can become a promising strategy for qualitative or quantitative detection of Reprimo or other circulant cancer biomarkers based on DNA.Comision Nacional de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica (CONICYT) CONICYT FONDECYT 3170443 FONDEQUIP EQM170111 Comision Nacional de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica (CONICYT) CONICYT FONDECYT 1170411 Beca de Doctorado Nacional (Conicyt, Chile) 21150648 Comision Nacional de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica (CONICYT) CONICYT FONDAP 1513001