40 research outputs found
Antianxiety medications for the treatment of complex agoraphobia: pharmacological interventions for a behavioral condition
CIGARETTE SMOKING HAS NO PRO-COGNITIVE EFFECT IN SUBJECTS WITH OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER: A PRELIMINARY STUDY
Background: The prevalence of cigarette smoking in patients with different psychiatric disorders is higher than that in the
general population, which is partly explained by the pro-cognitive effect of smoking on cognitive functions. In subjects with
obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), the prevalence of smokers is lower than that in other psychiatric disorders. We hypothesized
that cigarette smoking does not provide benefits and even worsen cognitive performance in OCD.
Subjects and methods: We compared different executive function subdomains in 20 smoking and 20 non-smoking inpatients with
OCD. At the beginning of hospitalization, we assessed visuo-spatial working memory, planning and set-shifting abilities (Cambridge
Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery), smoking habits (standardized personal interviews), and the severity of obsessivecompulsive
symptoms (Dimensional Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale).
Results: The performance of smokers and non-smokers did not differ significantly in any cognitive subdomain. The smoking
duration was significantly associated with poorer visuo-spatial working memory performance (P=0.001).
Conclusions: Our results showed that cigarette smoking did not provide cognitive enhancement across various executive
function subdomains in subjects with OCD. The lack of beneficial cognitive effects of smoking may make these subjects less prone to
smoking and may partially explain the lower rate of smokers in OCD compared with other psychiatric conditions
Partial growth hormone insensitivity and dysregulatory immune disease associated with de novo germline activating STAT3 mutations
Germinal heterozygous activating STAT3 mutations represent a novel monogenic defect associated with multi-organ autoimmune disease and, in some cases, severe growth retardation. By using whole-exome sequencing, we identified two novel STAT3 mutations, p.E616del and p.C426R, in two unrelated pediatric patients with IGF-I deficiency and immune dysregulation. The functional analyses showed that both variants were gain-of-function (GOF), although they were not constitutively phosphorylated. They presented differences in their dephosphorylation kinetics and transcriptional activities under interleukin-6 stimulation. Both variants increased their transcriptional activities in response to growth hormone (GH) treatment. Nonetheless, STAT5b transcriptional activity was diminished in the presence of STAT3 GOF variants, suggesting a disruptive role of STAT3 GOF variants in the GH signaling pathway. This study highlights the broad clinical spectrum of patients presenting activating STAT3 mutations and explores the underlying molecular pathway responsible for this condition, suggesting that different mutations may drive increased activity by slightly different mechanisms.Fil: GutiĂ©rrez, Mariana Lilián. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones EndocrinolĂłgicas "Dr. CĂ©sar Bergada". Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigaciones EndocrinolĂłgicas "Dr. CĂ©sar Bergada". FundaciĂłn de EndocrinologĂa Infantil. Centro de Investigaciones EndocrinolĂłgicas "Dr. CĂ©sar Bergada"; ArgentinaFil: Scaglia, Paula Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones EndocrinolĂłgicas "Dr. CĂ©sar Bergada". Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigaciones EndocrinolĂłgicas "Dr. CĂ©sar Bergada". FundaciĂłn de EndocrinologĂa Infantil. Centro de Investigaciones EndocrinolĂłgicas "Dr. CĂ©sar Bergada"; ArgentinaFil: Keselman, Ana Claudia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones EndocrinolĂłgicas "Dr. CĂ©sar Bergada". Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigaciones EndocrinolĂłgicas "Dr. CĂ©sar Bergada". FundaciĂłn de EndocrinologĂa Infantil. Centro de Investigaciones EndocrinolĂłgicas "Dr. CĂ©sar Bergada"; ArgentinaFil: Martucci, Lucia Camila. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones EndocrinolĂłgicas "Dr. CĂ©sar Bergada". Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigaciones EndocrinolĂłgicas "Dr. CĂ©sar Bergada". FundaciĂłn de EndocrinologĂa Infantil. Centro de Investigaciones EndocrinolĂłgicas "Dr. CĂ©sar Bergada"; ArgentinaFil: Karabatas, Liliana Margarita. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones EndocrinolĂłgicas "Dr. CĂ©sar Bergada". Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigaciones EndocrinolĂłgicas "Dr. CĂ©sar Bergada". FundaciĂłn de EndocrinologĂa Infantil. Centro de Investigaciones EndocrinolĂłgicas "Dr. CĂ©sar Bergada"; ArgentinaFil: Domene, Sabina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones EndocrinolĂłgicas "Dr. CĂ©sar Bergada". Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigaciones EndocrinolĂłgicas "Dr. CĂ©sar Bergada". FundaciĂłn de EndocrinologĂa Infantil. Centro de Investigaciones EndocrinolĂłgicas "Dr. CĂ©sar Bergada"; ArgentinaFil: Martin, Ayelen. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones EndocrinolĂłgicas "Dr. CĂ©sar Bergada". Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigaciones EndocrinolĂłgicas "Dr. CĂ©sar Bergada". FundaciĂłn de EndocrinologĂa Infantil. Centro de Investigaciones EndocrinolĂłgicas "Dr. CĂ©sar Bergada"; ArgentinaFil: Pennisi, Patricia Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones EndocrinolĂłgicas "Dr. CĂ©sar Bergada". Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigaciones EndocrinolĂłgicas "Dr. CĂ©sar Bergada". FundaciĂłn de EndocrinologĂa Infantil. Centro de Investigaciones EndocrinolĂłgicas "Dr. CĂ©sar Bergada"; ArgentinaFil: Blanco, Miguel. Hospital Universitario Austral; ArgentinaFil: Sanguineti, Nora MarĂa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones EndocrinolĂłgicas "Dr. CĂ©sar Bergada". Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigaciones EndocrinolĂłgicas "Dr. CĂ©sar Bergada". FundaciĂłn de EndocrinologĂa Infantil. Centro de Investigaciones EndocrinolĂłgicas "Dr. CĂ©sar Bergada"; ArgentinaFil: Bezrodnik, Liliana. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Niños "Ricardo GutiĂ©rrez". Area de InmunologĂa. Grupo de InmunologĂa; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; ArgentinaFil: Di Giovanni, Daniela. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Niños "Ricardo GutiĂ©rrez". Area de InmunologĂa. Grupo de InmunologĂa; ArgentinaFil: Caldirola, Maria Soledad. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Niños "Ricardo GutiĂ©rrez". Area de InmunologĂa. Grupo de InmunologĂa; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; ArgentinaFil: Esnaola Azcoiti, MarĂa. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Niños "Ricardo GutiĂ©rrez". Area de InmunologĂa. Grupo de InmunologĂa; ArgentinaFil: Gaillard, MarĂa Isabel. Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center; Estados UnidosFil: Denson, Lee A.. Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center; Estados UnidosFil: Zhang, Kejian. Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center; Estados UnidosFil: Husami, Ammar. Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center; Estados UnidosFil: Yayah Jones, Nana Hawa. Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center; Estados UnidosFil: Hwa, Vivian. Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center; Estados UnidosFil: Revale, Santiago. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Rosario. Instituto de AgrobiotecnologĂa de Rosario; ArgentinaFil: Vazquez, Martin Pablo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Rosario. Instituto de AgrobiotecnologĂa de Rosario; ArgentinaFil: Jasper, Hector Guillermo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones EndocrinolĂłgicas "Dr. CĂ©sar Bergada". Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigaciones EndocrinolĂłgicas "Dr. CĂ©sar Bergada". FundaciĂłn de EndocrinologĂa Infantil. Centro de Investigaciones EndocrinolĂłgicas "Dr. CĂ©sar Bergada"; ArgentinaFil: Kumar, Ashish. Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center; Estados UnidosFil: Domene, Horacio Mario. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones EndocrinolĂłgicas "Dr. CĂ©sar Bergada". Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigaciones EndocrinolĂłgicas "Dr. CĂ©sar Bergada". FundaciĂłn de EndocrinologĂa Infantil. Centro de Investigaciones EndocrinolĂłgicas "Dr. CĂ©sar Bergada"; Argentin
<p>Toward a personalized therapy for panic disorder: preliminary considerations from a work in progress</p>
Panic and the Brainstem: Clues from Neuroimaging Studies
One of the most influential theories has conceived unexpected panic attack (PA) as a primal defensive reaction to threat within the internal milieu of the body. This theory is based on findings suggesting the involvement of dysfunctional respiratory regulation and/or abnormally sensitive central neural network of carbon dioxide (CO2)/hydrogen ion (H+) chemoreception in PA. Thus, unexpected PA may be related to phylogenetically older brain structures, including the brainstem areas, which process basic functions related to the organism's internal milieu. The brainstem represents a crucial area for homeostatic regulation, including chemoreception and cardio-respiratory control. In addition, the midbrain dorsal periaqueductal gray may be involved in the unconditioned defense reactions to proximal threats, including internal physical stimuli. Our aim was to specifically consider the potential involvement of the brainstem in panic disorder (PD) by a comprehensive review of the available neuroimaging studies. Available data are limited and potentially affected by several limitations. However, preliminary evidence of a role of the brainstem in PD can be found and, secondly, the brainstem serotonergic system seems to be involved in panic modulation with indications of both altered serotonergic receptors and 5-HT transporter bindings. In conclusion, our review suggests that the brainstem may be involved in psychopathology of PD and supports the relevant role of subcortical serotonergic system in panic pathogenesis