A novel domino condensation - Intramolecular nucleophilic cyclization approach toward annulated imidazo-pyrrolopyridines

A route for the synthesis of chromenes that are annulated with an imidazo[1,2-a]pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridine core proceeding through a base-promoted domino reaction of 6-azaindole quaternary salts, has been developed. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd

Perceptions of wood-processing industries on FLEGT implementation: Insights from Vietnam

This paper analyses timber and wood processing companies' views on opportunities and challenges for FLEGT implementation in Vietnam based on a literature review, online surveys with 56 timber and wood processing companies, in-depth interviews with 26 stakeholders from different institutions, and a consultation workshop involving 94 participants. Our paper shows that FLEGT has received increasing attention and political support from the Government of Vietnam, which has issued new policies on sustainable forest management, forest certification and financial incentives to enable timber and wood processing companies to participate in FLEGT. The active presence of civil society organizations has helped improve forest governance, which is a key aspect of FLEGT. Perceiving FLEGT as a global market trend able to generate higher profits, timber and wood processing companies see opportunities to benefit from this timber trading initiative, and are therefore more willing to comply with FLEGT requirements. However, these companies also highlight challenges to implementing FLEGT on the ground, including unclear and inconsistent policies, weak monitoring and evaluation, high transaction costs, companies' limited access to information, unclear tenure and erratic land-use planning, and the weak capacity of household and small-scale enterprises. Effective implementation of FLEGT requires regulatory changes, improved law enforcement and translation of policies on the ground, enhanced information exchange between stakeholders, and addressing underlying problems relating to land tenure and forest governance

A novel domino condensation - Intramolecular nucleophilic cyclization approach toward annulated imidazo-pyrrolopyridines

A route for the synthesis of chromenes that are annulated with an imidazo[1,2-a]pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridine core proceeding through a base-promoted domino reaction of 6-azaindole quaternary salts, has been developed. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd

Policymaker perceptions of COVID-19 impacts, opportunities and challenges for sustainable wildlife farm management in Vietnam

This paper uses Vietnam – where overexploitation of wildlife resources is a major threat to biodiversity conservation – as a case study to examine how government officials perceive the impacts of COVID-19 on wildlife farming, as well as the opportunities and challenges presented for sustainable wildlife management. Findings show Vietnamese government officials perceive COVID-19 to have had mixed impacts on wildlife conservation policies and practice. While the pandemic strengthened the legal framework on wildlife conservation, implementation and outcomes have been poor, as existing policies are unclear, contradictory, and poorly enforced. Our paper also shows policymakers in Vietnam are not in favor of banning wildlife trade. As our paper documents the immediate impacts of the pandemic on wildlife farming, more research is necessary to analyse longer-term impacts

Unexpected synthesis and crystal structure of N-{2-[2-(2-acetylethenyl)phenoxy]ethyl}-N-ethenyl-4-methylbenzenesulfonamide

The title compound, C21H23NO4S, obtained by alkaline treatment of 1,5-bis(1-phenoxy)-3-azapentane at moderate heating, is a N-tosylated secondary vinylamine. An intramolecular S=O⋯H - C hydrogen bond generates a 13-membered ring. The benzalacetone moiety adopts a trans conformation with respect to the C=C double bond, which is slightly longer than usual due to the conjugation with a neighbouring acetyl group. Theoretical predictions of potential biological activities were performed, suggesting that the title compound can inhibit gluconate 2-dehydrogenase (85% probability), as well as to act as a mucomembranous protector (73%). © 2020

Transformations of 4-arylpyrrolo[1,2-a][1,4]benzodiazepines in three-component reactions with activated alkynes and CH, NH, SH, and OH acids

Three-component reactions of tetrahydropyrrolo[1,2-a][1,4]benzodiazepines with methyl propiolate or acetylacetylene and CH, NH, SH, and OH acids were studied in various solvents. The reaction direction is assumed to depend on the nucleophilicity of anion, formed through deprotonation of acid by the anionic center of initial Michael-type zwitterion. © 2015 Springer Science+Business Media New York