Has the European ICT sector a chance to be competitive ?

The ICT sector is featured by technical progress, convergence and systems integration. This leads to risks of monopolization regimes at the core with higher competition regimes at the periphery. Moreover, some specific component of the system may be essential for its evolution. In particular, networking to some extent creates the system, while software (notably operating systems) is the “glue” which holds it together. In this context, the European ICT industry is potentially smashed between the cost advantages of Asian countries such as China, and the inventiveness and dynamism of the US industry. The way out of this difficult situation is to create in Europe the conditions of restoring knowledge accumulation. By concentrating on an ambitious project of open source software production in embarked and domestic systems, Europe could reach several objectives: to make freely accessible an essential facility of networks, to stimulate competition, to help reaching the Lisbon objectives and to restore the European competitiveness in ICT.information and communications technologies ; industrial policy ; competition regimes ; knowledge based society ; open source

Has the European ICT sector a chance to be competitive? Bruges European Economic Policy (BEEP) Briefing 14/2006

In this paper we try to present the main trends of evolution of the ICT sector. Its dynamics, supported by a constant technical progress in ICs, compounded with “non convexities” such as network effects and high sunk costs, may either lead to a Schumpeter Mark I or Schumpeter Mark II competition regime. This means that in some segments, the market will be more competitive (Mark I), while in other it will be more monopolistic (Mark II). But a key trend is also the so called “convergence”. But digitization makes it cost effective to integrate different communications, information processing and entertainment systems and devices. Hence, Schumpeter Mark II grows at the core where software production dominates, while Schumpeter Mark I is established at the periphery. In this context, the European ICT industry is potentially smashed between two forces: the cost advantages of Asian countries on one hand, the inventiveness and dynamism of the US industry on the other hand. The way out of this very difficult situation is to create in Europe the conditions of restoring knowledge accumulation in a key sub-sector of ICT, that is software production. To do this, Europe can rely on its tradition of cooperation and knowledge sharing and on a set of institutions that have shown their ability to stimulate inter-regional cooperation. By concentrating on an ambitious project of open source software production in embarked systems and domestic networks, Europe could reach several objectives: to make freely accessible an essential facility, to stimulate competition, to help reaching the Lisbon objectives and to restore the European competitiveness in ICT

Does the European Union create the foundations of an information society for all? Bruges European Economic Policy (BEEP) Briefing 11/2005

In order to increase the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) in the European Union Member States, the European Commission, on the initiative of Commissioner E. Liikannen, launched in December 1999 a bold programme called “eEurope”. Soon after its creation, the eEurope programme was integrated into the so- called Lisbon agenda for Europe to become the “most advanced knowledge based economy” in the world. We try to assess if the programme is successful in achieving its stated objective of promoting a knowledge based economy through the development of an “information society for all”. First, we conclude that eEurope, due to its origins and its procedures, has intrinsic limits both as regards its scope and effectiveness. Second, we show how Member States have adopted different trajectories towards the “knowledge based society”. To identify these heterogeneous paths of growth, we have selected a set of variables that, combined together, represent the institutional arrangements specific to a country or a group of countries. We found sharp differences between two advanced models that we label, respectively, as Scandinavian and Anglo-Saxon. Without asserting the superiority of a model, we propose policy orientations to help Europe overcome those gaps hindering the move towards knowledge economies where information society technologies are widely diffused

Souveraineté nationale et intégration européenne face à l’universalisme d’Internet

L’adoption concomitante de la loi dite « Hadopi » et du « Paquet Télécom » a montré l’intrication, sur les plans national et européen, des débats concernant Internet. Cela tient à l’universalisme des valeurs portées par le réseau, qui révèlent un contrat social tacite entre les internautes. Son explicitation permettrait de transcender les fondements strictement économiques où se situent souvent les textes européens en matière de TIC et pourrait peut être aider, de façon inattendue, à approfondir la construction européenne.The simultaneous adoption of the law « Hadopi » by the French Parliament and the « Telecom package » at the European level have revealed the universality of values sustaining Internet, creating a tacit social contract between users. The codification of these values would enable to put the European and national legal framework beyond the strict economic principles which generally support them and could possibly help, unexpectedly, to deepen the European construction

Presse quotidienne régionale face aux enjeux du numérique (La)

L’objectif de ce rapport est de rendre compte du comportement des internautes français vis-à-vis de la lecture de la presse quotidienne régionale et plus particulièrement des relations existant entre les lectures des versions papier et web des quotidiens locaux. Des questions plus générales sur les usages et les comportements des internautes en matière de consommation de la presse en ligne sont également abordées

Les telecommunications en Europe durant la décennie 1970-1980

Defence date: 12 December 1983Supervisor: Jean Paul FitoussiPDF of thesis uploaded from the Library digitised archive of EUI PhD theses completed between 2013 and 201

European R and D policy for telecommunications

SIGLEAvailable from Bibliothek des Instituts fuer Weltwirtschaft, ZBW, Duesternbrook Weg 120, D-24105 Kiel / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekDEGerman

Interaction et coopération en réseau. Un modèle de gratuité

Interaction and cooperation inside internet communities Interactions between Internet users or network nodes mostly consist of requests. Thus, virtual communities and newsgroup, but also data transmission through Internet networks, rest on systems of bilateral or multilateral requests. This representation of Internet allows us to study the best strategies for the senders of requests. We show that under certain conditions, it is not optimal for the senders to reward the agents who do the requests. Hence free interaction may be a relative efficient model for Internet communities. This model is strenghtened when the senders accept to leave the results of their requests open. This framework helps to better undestand cooperative practices on Internet, like peering agreements among Internet Service Providers or open source software projects.Sur Internet, les interactions entre utilisateurs ou nœuds de réseau prennent le plus souvent la forme de requêtes. Ainsi, les forums et les communautés virtuelles, mais aussi les réseaux physiques, qui supportent Internet, fonctionnent sur la base de requêtes. À partir de cette représentation d'Internet, nous étudions les stratégies ou les modalités optimales de tarification des requêtes. Sous certaines conditions, la gratuité est un modèle d'interaction efficace, permettant de minimiser les coûts de fonctionnement du réseau. Ce principe de gratuité est renforcé lorsque les émetteurs de requête acceptent de ne pas protéger ou de laisser en libre accès le résultat de leurs requêtes. Ce cadre d'analyse permet ainsi de mieux comprendre les pratiques de coopération sur Internet, comme les accords de peering entre opérateurs de réseaux ou le développement de logiciels libres.Pénard Thierry, Dang Nguyen Godefroy. Interaction et coopération en réseau. Un modèle de gratuité. In: Revue économique. Numéro Hors Série, 2001. Economie de l'Internet. pp. 57-76