The Architectural Heritage of Cities:Some thoughts on Research Methods, Theories and Strategies for Preservation and Sustainable Re-use in a Global Context

In this paper, I outline approaches both to theoretical and historical research into the cultural dynamics of cities and the ways in which these can inform future policy and planning in regard to the preservation and sustainable re-use of architectural heritage. My aim is to identify methodologies and approaches to architectural heritage that assists in situating the architectural heritage of Tianjin in a global context. I also consider how we can best use the experience of architectural heritage preservation and sustainable re-use in Europe to inform decision making in Tianjin and in turn what can Europe can learn from the Tianjin experience. The re-use and conversion of historic and heritage buildings and sites continue to be the prime challenge for conserving and revitalising cultural heritage. In order to place the architectural heritage of Tianjin in a global, or at least a European, context attention is paid to both its tangible and intangible heritage to reveal the uses of the past in patterns of development and growth as well as the value placed on historical symbols and cultural memory. I focus on strategies for sustainable re-use, including heritage tourism, an essential part of the cultural and economic landscape of present-day Tianjin that is both a benefit and a threat to the historic environment, as well as mixed-use development and co-design

A Hopeless Illness Representation Style: Examining Chronic Illness and Depression with Coping as A Mediator

The self-regulation theory of illness representations (Leventhal et al., 2003) and the hopelessness theory of depression (Abramson et al., 1989) were used to observe how hopeless illness representations, depression, and coping styles interact. 238 participants with a chronic illness lasting three months or more were observed through the VOICE (Verification of Illness and Coping Experience) survey. Mediation was used to analyze the relationship between hopeless illness representations and depression, with passive coping as the mediator. All regressions in the mediation analysis were significant, and partial mediation was found. Patients with hopeless illness representations were more likely to use passive coping and have depression. Moreover, passive coping correlated with depression and increased the relationship between hopeless illness representations and depression. These findings add evidence to the need for patients being treated for a chronic illness to also be tested and, if required, treated for depression as part of their specialty care

The architect and the metropolis: The work of James and Decimus Burton in London and Dublin, c. 1800-1840

No history of a city or career of an architect is complete. This is a study of the interaction of both. The careers of James Burton (1761-1837) and his son Decimus (1800-1881) are used as a fulcrum for exploring the emergence of London as a metropolis c. 1800-1840. This sets up a dialectic between the independent processes of a city and the emergence of the professional architect. It is argued that the interaction of these two distinct, but mutually dependent, architectural phenomena produces the urban form. In turn the way in which the design of a city shapes the responses of its inhabitants to it is explored. Moreover as evidence of any kind of biographical details about the life of either James or Decimus Burton is extremely limited the idea of the architect as 'auteur' is challenged as the importance of their work can be determined by its role in the city rather than in the personal development of the Burtons. Both Burtons made a substantial contribution to the urban planning of London and later Dublin. James built considerable amounts of Bloomsbury, Regent Street and the Regent's Park. Decimus was involved with many major building projects in London including the Regent's Park, the Royal Parks and the Phoenix Park, Dublin. Their careers raise important methodological issues of how to discuss architects of national importance in the face of the absence of an archive? Here contexts for the Burtons' activities are created using a range of material set against the contemporary social and political map. This approach places emphasis on the works themselves which have their own identity as part of the emerging metropolis. In this way the architect can be defined by the metropolis rather than the traditional approach of the metropolis being defined by the architects who constructed it

In the Eye of the Interviewer

Though unemployment was low across the United States at 3.3% in 2019, it was almost double that for Black people at 5.4% in 2019 (https://www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cpsee_e16.htm). Because the interviewer’s attention to the eyes of a job candidate produces a better understanding of the candidate, it is possible that identifying racial bias in eye contact during the interview process could reduce racial disparities in unemployment. We will investigate how attention to the candidate’s eyes moderates race and gender disparities in hiring decisions. Participants will look at either a White man, Black man, White woman, or Black woman who is ostensibly a job candidate while listening to a supposed recording of that candidate during a job interview. Notably, participants will listen to the same male voice recording regardless of the race of the man and will listen to the same female voice recording regardless of the race of the woman. While participants listen to the recording, we will track where their eyes focus. We predict for the White male candidate high attention to the candidate’s eyes during the interview will lead to high interview scores, whereas low attention to the eyes will lead to low scores. For the White female candidate, we predict less attention to the eyes than the White male candidate, as well as lower interview scores. For the Black male and female candidates, we expect low interview scores, but no difference based on attention to the eyes. Future research should examine what causes racial disparities in attention to the eyes

Intraindividual Verbal-Numerical Discrepancies: Dichotomy or Continuum, Personality Characteristic or Psychopathology?

IntraindlviduaI differences in verbal and numerical abilities have been observed since the inception of appropriate measuring Instruments. Whether verbal and numerical ability occur in the form of a continuous distribution or as dichotomous categories has both theoretical and practical importance. That such variation has meaning in terms of predictable college academic success is recognized. Less apparent, but equally important, are relationships between Intraindividual verbal and numerical variation and personality characteristics and/or psychopathology. In college situations the American Council on Education Psychological Examinatipn (ACE), with Linguistic (l) and Quantitative (Q) components, and the School and College Ability Tests (SCAT), with Verbal (V) and Quantitative (Q) components, are traditionally used to predict academic achievement

To Gender Identity and Beyond: Does Femininity Lead to A Higher Risk Of Depression?

The current study explored the possible links between gender identity, personality, and the experience of depression in a male and female sample. 260 University of Central Florida (UCF) Psychology students completed assessments of depression, “Big Five” personality traits, and gender identity. Correlational analyses revealed significant, positive associations between “Big Five” neuroticism scores and depression scores. Additionally, significant, negative correlations were found between masculinity scores and depression, as well as between femininity scores and depression. Although these correlations were significant, their general effect was small. Overall, additional research must be completed to further examine and validate these findings

Renormalization of Quantum Anosov Maps: Reduction to Fixed Boundary Conditions

A renormalization scheme is introduced to study quantum Anosov maps (QAMs) on a torus for general boundary conditions (BCs), whose number ($k$) is always finite. It is shown that the quasienergy eigenvalue problem of a QAM for {\em all} $k$ BCs is exactly equivalent to that of the renormalized QAM (with Planck's constant $\hbar ^{\prime}=\hbar /k$) at some {\em fixed} BCs that can be of four types. The quantum cat maps are, up to time reversal, fixed points of the renormalization transformation. Several results at fixed BCs, in particular the existence of a complete basis of ``crystalline'' eigenstates in a classical limit, can then be derived and understood in a simple and transparent way in the general-BCs framework.Comment: REVTEX, 12 pages, 1 table. To appear in Physical Review Letter

A Review of Academic Literature on Internal Control Reporting Under SOX

Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX) mandates reporting on the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting (ICFR) by public company management and auditors. Such reporting began for fiscal years ended Nov 15, 2004 for accelerated filers and is scheduled to be fully implemented for non-accelerated filers in mid-2010. Section 404(a) of SOX requires public company management to include an assessment of the effectiveness of the company\u27s ICFR in its annual internal control report, and Section 404(b) requires attestation by the company\u27s auditor. The authors review the literature on internal control reporting under both Sections 302 and 404 in the post-SOX period. The internal control literature has grown substantially since the passage of SOX due to the availability of data regarding ICFR effectiveness that were not previously available. They conducted a literature search through mid-2009 resulting in the inclusion of many published papers and working papers that address ICFR issues covered in our taxonomy

Knowledge and attitudes of men to prostate cancer

Objective: To ascertain the current level of understanding about prostate cancer (PCa), including treatment options and potential side effects of treatment, among older men. Design and Setting: Questionnaires administered by general practitioners (GPs) in 5 general practices in the Perth metropolitan and regional areas of Western Australia. Participants: Convenience sample of men aged 40-80 years (n=503) with or without prostate cancer presenting for routine consultations. Main outcome measures: Knowledge and attitudes of men to prostate cancer Results: Eighty percent of men did not know the function of the prostate and 48% failed to identify PCa as the most common internal cancer in men. Thirty-five percent had no knowledge of the treatments for PCa and 53% had no knowledge of the side effects of treatments. Asked how they would arrive at a decision about treatment, 70% stated they would ask the GP/specialist for all their options and then decide themselves. Conclusion: This study confirms a deficit in knowledge of the disease among men in the at risk age group. Lack of knowledge encompassed areas which could delay diagnosis and hence treatment. Overall the population preferred some GP/specialist involvement in treatment decision making