Non-infantile variant of desmoplastic ganglioglioma: Conventional and advanced MR imaging characteristics.

Desmoplastic infantile ganglioglioma is a paediatric brain tumor that is commonly seen in the infantile age group. Literature on the non-infantile variant of this low-grade supratentorial neoplasm is very scarce, except for a few case reports. Herein, we report a case of desmoplastic non-infantile ganglioglioma occurring at the age of 6 years and describe its conventional and advanced magnetic resonance imaging characteristics

Is routine ureteral stenting really necessary after retrograde intrarenal surgery?

Objectives: To investigate the situations in which ureteral double-J stent should be used after retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS). Patients and Methods: Patients with no ureteral double-J stent after RIRS constituted Group 1, and those with double- J stent after RIRS constituted Group 2. Patients’ age and gender, renal stone characteristics (location and dimension), stone-free status, VAS score 8 hours after surgery, post-procedural renal colic attacks, length of hospitalization, requirement for re-hospitalization, time to rehospitalization and secondary procedure requirements were analyzed. Results: RIRS was performed on 162 renal units. Double-J stent was used in 121 (74.6%) of these after RIRS, but not in the other 41 (25.4%). At radiological monitoring at the first month postoperatively after RIRS, complete stone-free status was determined in 122 (75.3%) renal units, while residual stone was present in 40 (24.6%). No significant differences were observed between the groups in terms of duration of fluoroscopy (p = 0.142), operation (p = 0.108) or hospitalization times (p = 0.798). VAS values determined routinely on the evening of surgery were significantly higher in Group 1 than in Group 2 (p = 0.025). Twenty-eight (17.2%) presentations were made to the emergency clinic due to renal colic within 1 month after surgery. Double-J catheter was present in 24 (85.7%) of these patients. Conclusions: Routine double-J stent insertion after RIRS is not essential since it increases costs, morbidity and operation time

Imaging features of Burkitt lymphoma in pediatric patients

Burkitt lymphoma is an aggressive and rapidly growing tumor that is curable and highly sensitive to chemotherapy. It can affect almost every tissue in the body, producing various clinical presentations and imaging appearances, according to the predilection of the different subtypes for certain sites. Awareness of its diagnostically specific imaging appearances plays an important role in rapid detection and treatment. In this pictorial review, we aimed to identify the most common imaging features of Burkitt lymphoma in pediatric patients

Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma: Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings

Purpose: Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA) is a rare tumor that exhibits a predictable spreading pattern. Radiologist's prior knowledge on the tumor's characteristics aids in establishing a diagnosis. We aimed to report the characteristic Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) findings and the spread patterns of JNA. Materials and methods: We retrospectively evaluated the MRI findings and extension pathways of 6 cases of JNA. Results: The patients' age ranged from 8 to 16 years and all patients were male. The tumors were classified according to the Onerci system. Tumors were largely isointense to muscle on T1-weighted images and hyperintense on T2-weighted images. All lesions had internal signal-void regions and all exhibited intense enhancement after IV contrast injection. Diffusion restriction was not an associated feature. ADC values for these tumors were high. The evaluation of the available MR angiography studies of three patients showed the blood supply to the tumor to be mainly from the internal maxillary branch of the external carotid artery. In all patients, the diagnosis was based on MR images and a surgical excision was planned. Conclusion: The diagnosis can be established based on the characteristic imaging findings and the clinical history without performing a biopsy

Hepatic Complications of Umbilical Venous Catheters in the Neonatal Period: The Ultrasound Spectrum

ObjectivesUmbilical venous catheterization is commonly used in the neonatal period; however, it has some complications. In this study, we evaluated neonates who underwent umbilical venous catheterization and developed hepatic complications. Furthermore, we aimed to define all of the possible lesions and to clarify the imaging findings of umbilical venous catheter-induced hepatic injury. MethodsTwo hundred forty-four neonates who underwent umbilical venous catheterization between March 2013 and September 2015 in a single tertiary care referral center were included in this study. To determine whether they had any hepatic complications, all patients underwent abdominal grayscale and Doppler ultrasound examinations, and their clinical data were recorded. ResultsThe frequency of liver-related complications from umbilical venous catheterization was 33.6\% (82 of 244). Air in the portal venous system was the most frequent complication (20.1\% {[}49 of 244]). Left portal venous thrombosis was noted in 6.1\% (15 of 244). Parenchymal lesions in the liver related to umbilical venous catheterization were seen in 7.4\% of patients (18 of 244) as follows: single nodular echogenic lesions (4.1\% {[}10 of 244]), branching small nodular echogenic lesions (2.1\% {[}5 of 244]), and large irregular heterogeneous lesions with laceration and perihepatic fluid (1.2\% {[}3 of 244]). There was no statistical significance for any type of complication according to the gestational age (P>.05). ConclusionsHepatic complications due to umbilical venous catheters are not uncommon in the neonatal period. Ultrasound is the best imaging modality for confirming the diagnosis and for follow-up

The effect of alfuzosin on renal resistive index, urinary electrolytes and 2 microglobulin levels and TGF-1 levels of kidney tissue in rats with unilateral ureteropelvic junction obstruction

Background: In this study, it was aimed to determine the effects of alfuzosin on experimentally generated unilateral partial ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPO) in rats.Materials and methods: Thirty Long-Evans rats were randomly allocated into five groups. In control group (C), nothing was performed; in group Sham (S) only laparotomy was done; in Alfuzosin group (A) only alfuzosin was administered for two weeks (10mg/kg/day p.o.) without any surgery; in UPO group, unilateral UP junction obstruction was produced; and in the Group UPT (ureteropelvic obstruction+treatment), alfuzosin was administered for two weeks (10mg/kg/day p.o.) in addition to UPO production. Renal pelvic anteroposterior diameters were determined with ultrasonography (USG) and renal arterial resistivity indexes by color Doppler USG. Urine was collected both at the beginning and at the end of the experiment for 24h in all the groups and at the end of the experiment, blood samples were obtained. Blood and urine electrolytes and TGF-1, urine density, urine (2) microglobulin levels were determined. Renal tissue samples harvested from all of the rats were histopathologically evaluated. Results were determined using one-way ANOVA t-test; p<0.05 was accepted as significant.Results: Urine density in the UPT group was lower with respect to UPO group and blood electrolytes were preserved as close to normal (p<0.05). In the UPT group, urine TGF-1 and blood TGF-1, blood (2) microglobulin levels and histopathologic damage scores were lower compared to the UPO group (p<0.05).Conclusion: It is shown in this experimental unilateral partial UPO model that alfuzosin treatment prevents obstructive renal damage