Starting Well Health Visiting Practice Guides: An Independent Audit

This report presents findings from a small study of the use of the health visiting practice guides developed as part of the Staring Well National Demonstration project. The views of twenty-one health visitors, based in two teams located within the Greater Glasgow Health Board area, were elicited via in-depth semi-structured interviews. The fieldwork was undertaken in November 2003, three years after the establishment of the Project. The aim of the study was to investigate what the health visitors thought about the process involved in drawing up the guides, the purpose behind their development, and the extent to which the health visitors were using the guides in their current practice. The intention was to interview all the health visitors currently working in the two Starting Well teams, based in South and East respectively, together with a small number of health visitors working generically, i.e. those not attached to Starting Well and managing a ‘traditional’-style case load

The Influence of Higher Fock States in Light-Cone Gauge Theories

In the light-cone Fock state expansion of gauge theories, the influence of non-valence states may be significant in precision non-perturbative calculations. In two-dimensional gauge theories, it is shown how these states modify the behaviour of the light-cone wavefunction in significant ways relative to endemic choices of variational ansatz. Similar effects in four-dimensional gauge theories are briefly discussed.Comment: 4 pages, REVTE

Transverse Lattice Approach to Light-Front Hamiltonian QCD

We describe a non-perturbative procedure for solving from first principles the light-front Hamiltonian problem of SU(N) pure gauge theory in D spacetime dimensions (D>2), based on enforcing Lorentz covariance of observables. A transverse lattice regulator and colour-dielectric link fields are employed, together with an associated effective potential. We argue that the light-front vacuum is necessarily trivial for large enough lattice spacing, and clarify why this leads to an Eguchi-Kawai dimensional reduction of observables to 1+1-dimensions in the infinite N limit. The procedure is then tested by explicit calculations for 2+1-dimensional SU(infinity) gauge theory, within a first approximation to the lattice effective potential. We identify a scaling trajectory which produces Lorentz covariant behaviour for the lightest glueballs. The predicted masses, in units of the measured string tension, are in agreement with recent results from conventional Euclidean lattice simulations. In addition, we obtain the potential between heavy sources and the structure of the glueballs from their light-front wavefunctions. Finally, we briefly discuss the extension of these calculations to 3+1-dimensions.Comment: 55 pages, uses macro boxedeps.tex, minor corrections in revised versio

Colour-Dielectric Gauge Theory on a Transverse Lattice

We investigate in some detail consequences of the effective colour-dielectric formulation of lattice gauge theory using the light-cone Hamiltonian formalism with a transverse lattice. As a quantitative test of this approach, we have performed extensive analytic and numerical calculations for 2+1-dimensional pure gauge theory in the large N limit. Because of Eguchi-Kawai reduction, one effectively studies a 1+1-dimensional gauge theory coupled to matter in the adjoint representation. We study the structure of coupling constant space for our effective potential by comparing with the physical results available from conventional Euclidean lattice Monte Carlo simulations of this system. In particular, we calculate and measure the scaling behaviour of the entire low-lying glueball spectrum, glueball wavefunctions, string tension, asymptotic density of states, and deconfining temperature. We employ a new hybrid DLCQ/wavefunction basis in our calculations of the light-cone Hamiltonian matrix elements, along with extrapolation in Tamm-Dancoff truncation, significantly reducing numerical errors. Finally we discuss, in light of our results, what further measurements and calculations could be made in order to systematically remove lattice spacing dependence from our effective potential a priori.Comment: 48 pages, Latex, uses macro boxedeps.tex, minor errors corrected in revised versio

Glueball calculations in large-N_c gauge theory

We use the light-front Hamiltonian of transverse lattice gauge theory to compute from first principles the glueball spectrum and light-front wavefunctions in the leading order of the 1/N_c colour expansion. We find 0^{++}, 2^{++}, and 1^{+-} glueballs having masses consistent with N_c=3 data available from Euclidean lattice path integral methods. The wavefunctions exhibit a light-front constituent gluon structure.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, uses macro boxedeps.tex, minor corrections in revised versio

String Spectrum of 1+1-Dimensional Large N QCD with Adjoint Matter

We propose gauging matrix models of string theory to eliminate unwanted non-singlet states. To this end we perform a discretised light-cone quantisation of large N gauge theory in 1+1 dimensions, with scalar or fermionic matter fields transforming in the adjoint representation of SU(N). The entire spectrum consists of bosonic and fermionic closed-string excitations, which are free as N tends to infinity. We analyze the general features of such bound states as a function of the cut-off and the gauge coupling, obtaining good convergence for the case of adjoint fermions. We discuss possible extensions of the model and the search for new non-critical string theories.Comment: 20 pages (7 figures available from authors as postscipt files), PUPT-134

String Equations for the Unitary Matrix Model and the Periodic Flag Manifold

The periodic flag manifold (in the Sato Grassmannian context) description of the modified Korteweg--de Vries hierarchy is used to analyse the translational and scaling self--similar solutions of this hierarchy. These solutions are characterized by the string equations appearing in the double scaling limit of the symmetric unitary matrix model with boundary terms. The moduli space is a double covering of the moduli space in the Sato Grassmannian for the corresponding self--similar solutions of the Korteweg--de Vries hierarchy, i.e. of stable 2D quantum gravity. The potential modified Korteweg--de Vries hierarchy, which can be described in terms of a line bundle over the periodic flag manifold, and its self--similar solutions corresponds to the symmetric unitary matrix model. Now, the moduli space is in one--to--one correspondence with a subset of codimension one of the moduli space in the Sato Grassmannian corresponding to self--similar solutions of the Korteweg--de Vries hierarchy.Comment: 21 pages in LaTeX-AMSTe

Mesons on a transverse lattice

The meson eigenstates of the light-cone Hamiltonian in a coarse transverse lattice gauge theory are investigated. Building upon previous work in pure gauge theory, the Hamiltonian and its Fock space are expanded in powers of dynamical fields. In the leading approximation, the couplings appearing in the Hamiltonian are renormalised by demanding restoration of space-time symmetries broken by the cut-off. Additional requirements from chiral symmetry are discussed and difficulties in imposing them from first principles in the leading approximation are noted. A phenomenological calculation is then performed, in which chiral symmetry in spontaneously broken form is modelled by imposing the physical pion-rho mass splitting as a constraint. The light-cone wavefunctions of the resulting Hamiltonian are used to compute decay constants, form factors and quark momentum and spin distributions for the pion and rho mesons. Extensions beyond leading order, and the implications for first principles calculations, are briefly discussed.Comment: 31 pages, 7 figure

Transverse lattice calculation of the pion light-cone wavefunctions

We calculate the light-cone wavefunctions of the pion by solving the meson boundstate problem in a coarse transverse lattice gauge theory using DLCQ. A large-N_c approximation is made and the light-cone Hamiltonian expanded in massive dynamical fields at fixed lattice spacing. In contrast to earlier calculations, we include contributions from states containing many gluonic link-fields between the quarks.The Hamiltonian is renormalised by a combination of covariance conditions on boundstates and fitting the physical masses M_rho and M_pi, decay constant f_pi, and the string tension sigma. Good covariance is obtained for the lightest 0^{-+} state, which we identify with the pion. Many observables can be deduced from its light-cone wavefunctions.After perturbative evolution,the quark valence structure function is found to be consistent with the experimental structure function deduced from Drell-Yan pi-nucleon data in the valence region x > 0.5. In addition, the pion distribution amplitude is consistent with the experimental distribution deduced from the pi gamma^* gamma transition form factor and diffractive dissociation. A new observable we calculate is the probability for quark helicity correlation. We find a 45% probability that the valence-quark helicities are aligned in the pion.Comment: 27 pages, 9 figure

On the Spectrum of QCD(1+1) with SU(N_c) Currents

Extending previous work, we calculate in this note the fermionic spectrum of two-dimensional QCD (QCD_2) in the formulation with SU(N_c) currents. Together with the results in the bosonic sector this allows to address the as yet unresolved task of finding the single-particle states of this theory as a function of the ratio of the numbers of flavors and colors, \lambda=N_f/N_c, anew. We construct the Hamiltonian matrix in DLCQ formulation as an algebraic function of the harmonic resolution K and the continuous parameter \lambda. Amongst the more surprising findings in the fermionic sector chiefly considered here is that the fermion momentum is a function of \lambda. This dependence is necessary in order to reproduce the well-known 't Hooft and large N_f spectra. Remarkably, those spectra have the same single-particle content as the ones in the bosonic sectors. The twist here is the dramatically different sizes of the Fock bases in the two sectors, which makes it possible to interpret in principle all states of the discrete approach. The hope is that some of this insight carries over into the continuum. We also present some new findings concerning the single-particle spectrum of the adjoint theory.Comment: 21 pp., 13 figures, version published in PR