United Nations (1992),

References are listed under the heading(s) of the chapter(s) in which they are cited. The idea in duplicating some references in this way is to enable readers interested in one particular chapter, for example the informal sector, to be readily able to identify all the references made in that chapter. The 1993 SNA and two compendia are listed in the first section labelled General. The lists also include some references that are not explicitly cited in the Handbook but that provide useful background material or elaboration of the text. The documents are in English except where otherwise noted

Fatigue properties of Ti6Al4V cellular specimens fabricated via SLM: CAD vs real geometry

Abstract Fully dense titanium alloy implants have long been used for the replacement and stabilization of damaged bone tissue. Nevertheless, they can cause stress shielding which brings to a loss of bone mass. Additive manufacturing (AM) allows obtaining highly porous cellular structures with a wide range of cell morphologies to tune the mechanical properties to match that of the patient's bone. In this work, the fully reversed fatigue strength of cellular specimens produced by Selective Laser Melting (SLM) of Ti-6Al-4V alloy was measured. Their structures are determined by cubic cells packed in six different ways and their elastic modulus is roughly 3GPa to match that of trabecular bone. Part of the specimens was left as sintered and part treated by Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP). The fatigue resistance of such AM parts can be affected by surface morphology, geometrical accuracy as well as internal defects. Micro X-ray computed tomography (CT) was used in this work to compare the geometry of the produced specimens with the CAD model and to carry out residual stress measurements using the Plasma FIB-SEM-DIC micro-hole drilling method

SARS-CoV-2 structural coverage map reveals viral protein assembly, mimicry, and hijacking mechanisms

We modeled 3D structures of all SARS-CoV-2 proteins, generating 2,060 models that span 69% of the viral proteome and provide details not available elsewhere. We found that ˜6% of the proteome mimicked human proteins, while ˜7% was implicated in hijacking mechanisms that reverse post-translational modifications, block host translation, and disable host defenses; a further ˜29% self-assembled into heteromeric states that provided insight into how the viral replication and translation complex forms. To make these 3D models more accessible, we devised a structural coverage map, a novel visualization method to show what is-and is not-known about the 3D structure of the viral proteome. We integrated the coverage map into an accompanying online resource (https://aquaria.ws/covid) that can be used to find and explore models corresponding to the 79 structural states identified in this work. The resulting Aquaria-COVID resource helps scientists use emerging structural data to understand the mechanisms underlying coronavirus infection and draws attention to the 31% of the viral proteome that remains structurally unknown or dark

SARS-CoV-2 structural coverage map reveals viral protein assembly, mimicry, and hijacking mechanisms

Abstract We modeled 3D structures of all SARS‐CoV‐2 proteins, generating 2,060 models that span 69% of the viral proteome and provide details not available elsewhere. We found that ˜6% of the proteome mimicked human proteins, while ˜7% was implicated in hijacking mechanisms that reverse post‐translational modifications, block host translation, and disable host defenses; a further ˜29% self‐assembled into heteromeric states that provided insight into how the viral replication and translation complex forms. To make these 3D models more accessible, we devised a structural coverage map, a novel visualization method to show what is—and is not—known about the 3D structure of the viral proteome. We integrated the coverage map into an accompanying online resource (https://aquaria.ws/covid) that can be used to find and explore models corresponding to the 79 structural states identified in this work. The resulting Aquaria‐COVID resource helps scientists use emerging structural data to understand the mechanisms underlying coronavirus infection and draws attention to the 31% of the viral proteome that remains structurally unknown or dark

Hamiltonian Dynamics and the Phase Transition of the XY Model

A Hamiltonian dynamics is defined for the XY model by adding a kinetic energy term. Thermodynamical properties (total energy, magnetization, vorticity) derived from microcanonical simulations of this model are found to be in agreement with canonical Monte-Carlo results in the explored temperature region. The behavior of the magnetization and the energy as functions of the temperature are thoroughly investigated, taking into account finite size effects. By representing the spin field as a superposition of random phased waves, we derive a nonlinear dispersion relation whose solutions allow the computation of thermodynamical quantities, which agree quantitatively with those obtained in numerical experiments, up to temperatures close to the transition. At low temperatures the propagation of phonons is the dominant phenomenon, while above the phase transition the system splits into ordered domains separated by interfaces populated by topological defects. In the high temperature phase, spins rotate, and an analogy with an Ising-like system can be established, leading to a theoretical prediction of the critical temperature $T_{KT}\approx 0.855$.Comment: 10 figures, Revte

Tratamento de águas com excesso de ânions fluoreto e nitrato utilizando HDLs como adsorventes

O objetivo principal do projeto foi buscar um adsorventeefetivo para a remoção de nitratos e fluoretos de águaspara consumo humano. Foi construído um filtro a base deleito fixo para ser utilizado em águas de poços artesianos,beneficiando diretamente a população. Para atingir estesobjetivos, inicialmente se realizou um screening de diversosadsorventes a base de HDLs, argilas e zeóitas para avaliarquais materiais são mais adequados para a remoção denitratos e fluoretos. Os materiais mais promissores foramos HDLs e os mesmos foram empregados em um leito fixoe amostras reais. Os melhores resultados foram obtidos parao HDL com tamanho de partícula acima de 1mm e comvazão de água abaixo de 0,2 mL/s. O filtro é empregado com30g de HDL e consegue-se água potável durante 10h de usocontinuo (equivalente a 4L de água tratada). O adsorventepode ser regenerado através de calcinação a 450oC e tratamentoácido com HCl. Esta metodologia foi desenvolvidana forma de filtros de fácil construção caseira para seremusados em poços da região ou uso doméstico.Fil: Pergher, Sibele B. C.. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; BrasilFil: Cano, Leonardo Andres. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Departamento de Química; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Barros Eustaquio, Hugo Mozer. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; BrasilFil: Araujo da Costa, Vilma. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; BrasilFil: Santos Borba, Loiva Liana. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; BrasilFil: Oliveira da Silva, Anne Priscila. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; BrasilFil: Garcia Penha, Fabio. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; BrasilFil: Martinez Huitle, Carlos Alberto. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; BrasilFil: Dallago, Rogerio Marcos. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; Brasi