How do season, on-farm fasting interval and lairage period affect swine welfare, carcass and meat quality traits?

Abstract: This study was carried out in order to determine the effects of different combinations of on-farm fasting intervals (8, 12, 16, 20 h) and 1.5 h of transport plus lairage periods (1, 3, 6 h) at different seasons summer/winter) on blood stress parameters (cortisol and lactate), stomach content and weight, skin lesion and meat quality in a total of 960 pigs from eight farms. Blood lactate levels were greater in the summer (P < 0.001) and stomach content was affected (P < 0.05) by season, on-farm fasting interval (P < 0.001), lairage time (P < 0.0001). Stomach content weight reduces as the total feed withdrawal time increases up to onfarm fasting of 17 and 1 h of lairage. Stomach content can be influenced by feed and water in different ways according to treatments. Only 8 h of on-farm fasting is not enough to empty stomachs from feed content. However, an on-farm fasting period of 16 h or longer can also increase the occurrence of more water in the stomachs. Carcass lesions caused by fighting were greater (P &#8804; 0.005) in the winter, mainly after 3 and 6 h of lairage (P &#8804; 0.005). Loin and ham pHu was lower (P &#8804; 0.05) for pigs slaughtered after 6 h of lairage during the summer. The application of 12 h of on-farm fasting with 6 h of lairage seemed to be best combination to reduce stomach content weight (feed and water). In the winter, shorter lairage period can be used to reduce percentage of skin lesions and better pork quality traits in pigs. Resumo: Este estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de determinar os efeitos de diferentes combinações de intervalos de jejum na fazenda (8, 12, 16, 20 h) e 1,5 h de períodos de transporte mais de cativeiro (1, 3, 6 h) em diferentes estações do verão / inverno) nos parâmetros de estresse do sangue (cortisol e lactato), conteúdo e peso estomacal, lesão da pele e qualidade da carne em um total de 960 suínos de oito fazendas. Os níveis de lactato sanguíneo foram maiores no verão (P <0,001) e o conteúdo estomacal foi afetado (P <0,05) pela estação, intervalo de jejum na fazenda (P <0,001), tempo de espera (P <0,0001). O peso do conteúdo do estômago diminui à medida que o tempo total de retirada da ração aumenta até o jejum de 17 e 1 h de fazendeiro. O conteúdo do estômago pode ser influenciado pela alimentação e pela água de diferentes maneiras, de acordo com os tratamentos. Apenas 8 horas de jejum na fazenda não são suficientes para esvaziar os estômagos do conteúdo do alimento. No entanto, um período de jejum na fazenda de 16 horas ou mais também pode aumentar a ocorrência de mais água nos estômagos. As lesões da carcaça causadas pelo combate foram maiores (P &#8804; 0,005) no inverno, principalmente após 3 e 6 h de puericultura (P &#8804; 0,005). O pH do lombo e do presunto foi menor (P &#8804; 0,05) para suínos abatidos após 6 h de postura no verão. A aplicação de 12 h de jejum na fazenda com 6 h de plantio pareceu ser a melhor combinação para reduzir o peso do conteúdo estomacal (alimentação e água). No inverno, pode-se usar um período mais curto para reduzir a porcentagem de lesões na pele e melhorar a qualidade da carne suína em suínos.Special issue: Brazilian Congress - Jaboticabal 2017

Distillery anaerobic digestion residues as fertilizers for field vegetable crops: Performance and efficiency in mid-term successions

Understanding nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of crops plays an important role in achieving sustainable production. Intensive agriculture has adversely affected social and environmental issues worldwide over the past few decades. Anaerobic digested residues from the distillery industry (DADRs) can be used in agriculture, thereby recycling valuable organic materials that can supply organic N. An experiment using DADRs in horticulture was conducted to evaluate the performance of different treatments on yield and NUE. The experiment was conducted for five years, growing lettuce, cauliflower, chicory, potato, Swiss chard, catalogna chicory, tomato, pepper, and melon in two different succession schemes. Five fertilization treatments were designed, including a mineral fertilization control, in which nitrogen (N) was supplied according to standard recommendations in the area. The other treatments were an unfertilized control and three treatments in which 50%, 75%, and 100% of the N were supplied by DADRs and the remaining with common chemical fertilizer. Major findings were: (1) Spring\u2013summer crops showed the lowest N-uptake and N recovery, during this period high chemical fertilization can cause environmental problems such as N leaching, and fertilization with 100% DADRs is a viable alternative; (2) fall\u2013winter crops can be fertilized by combining 50% mineral N and 50% organic N, supplying the nutrients required by the crops during the growing cycle

Risk factors associated with pig pre-slaughtering losses

The incidence of non-ambulatory non-injured (NANI), non-ambulatory injured (NAI) and dead pigs on-arrival at three Brazilian slaughterhouses were evaluated in 37,962 pigs to identify risk factors linked to them, besides carcass bruises and limb fractures. Total pre-slaughtering losses were 1.18%, in which NAI (0.39%) and NANI (0.37%) incidences contributed the most. A positive relation between on farm steeper ramp slope >20° and the incidence of NAI, NANI and dead pigs at unloading was found. Farm size, pigs/pen, enthalpy at loading, transportation time, truck loading order, muscle thickness and carcass weight, were identified as risk factors for pre-slaughtering losses. Loading procedures influenced the occurrence of limb fractures and bruises (which are a welfare issue and should be reduced). Therefore, personal training on pre-slaughter handling is essential to reduce the risk factors to improve animal welfare and avoid losses during the pre-slaughter process

Escore para lesões de tetos em matrizes suínas em lactação.

Projeto/Plano de ação: 02.09.07.007

Peso e rendimento de vísceras de suínos machos castrados e imunocastrados.

Projeto/Plano de Ação: 02.09.07.007

Atualidades e desafios nas fases de crescimento e terminação: 1) sistemas de alimentação.

Projeto: 11.11.11.111

Custo de implantação dos sistemas intensivos de criação de suínos confinado e ao ar livre.

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Qualidade do solo em diferentes usos da terra em Ouro/SC.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade do solo em diferentes sistemas de uso da terra através de variáveis biológicas na microbacia hidrográfica do Rio Doze Passos no município de Ouro-SC