3,054 research outputs found

    Lifting the burden: fundamental tax reform and U.S. economic growth

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    This paper presents a comprehensive treatment of the cost-of-capital approach for analyzing the economic impact of tax policy. This approach has provided an intellectual impetus for reforms of capital income taxation in the United States and around the world. The most dramatic example is the Tax Reform Act of 1986 in the United States. In this landmark legislation the income tax base was broadened by wholesale elimination of tax preferences for both individuals and corporations. Revenues generated by base broadening were used to finance sharp reductions in tax rates at corporate and individual levels. The cost-of-capital approach presented in this paper shows that important opportunities for tax reform still remain. This approach suggests two avenues for reform. One would retain the income tax base of the existing U.S. tax system, but would equalize tax burdens on all forms of assets as well as average and marginal rates on labor income. Elimination of differences in the tax treatment of all forms of assets would produce gains in efficiency comparable to those from the Tax Reform Act of 1986. Equalization of marginal and average tax rates on labor income would more than double these gains in efficiency. Proposals to replace income by consumption as a tax base were revived in the United States during the 1990's. The Hall-Rabushka Flat Tax proposal would produce efficiency gains comparable to those from equalizing tax burdens on all forms of assets under the income tax. However, a progressive National Retail Sales Tax, collected on personal consumption expenditures at the retail level, would generate gains in efficiency exceeding those from the Flat Tax by more than 50 percent! Equalizing marginal and average rates of taxation on consumption would double the gains from the Flat Tax.

    A Comparison of Supplier Diversity Programs and Web-Based Minority Supplier Content

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    The growing use of the Web for business-to-business transactions means corporate Web sites could be used to communicate with diverse suppliers. This study examines the Web-based supplier diversity content on Fortune 500 public sites. These Web sites are underused for communicating with diverse suppliers; the content appears on only 12.5% of the sites. The Fortune 500 sites with supplier diversity content focus on information publishing (e.g., contact names) and prospect screening (e.g., financial requirements). The most common Web-based supplier diversity item is certification requirements. Web-based supplier diversity content, however, is nearly identical to off-line diversity program content

    Factors Affecting the Translocation of Herbicides in Mesquite (Prosopis Juliflora)

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    The control of mesquite is a major range problem in the Southwest. Mesquite is a thorny, woody shrub or tree that has infested 75 million acres of valuable range and pasture land in this region. It competes with grasses and other valuable plants for sunlight, moisture, and plant food. Mesquite also acts as a serious barrier to the handling of cattle on the range

    The Initial Cause of Wycliffe\u27s Break with the Church-Doctrinal, Moral, Political?

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    The purpose of this thesis is to explore the reason which made Wycliffe the historical figure that he became, namely, his break with the Roman Catholic Church. The problem, the writer feels, can be stated in terms still more specific than this. He has attempted to do just that with the formulation of the thesis title, “the initial cause of Wycliffe’s break with the church. Usually, three causes are ascribed to Wycliffe’s break with the Mother Church: political, doctrinal, and moral. That other causes could be nominated, such as home life, or personal desire for recognition or willingness to vindicate men who had rebelled before, is not denied. However, since it is not within the scope of this paper to consider all these, the writer has arbitrarily limited himself to the three mentioned, believing that there is more or less general agreement as to the major importance attached to these causes

    Toxicity and translocation of herbicides

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    Characteristics of a Troubled Development Project: The Defense Travel System

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    The Department of Defense (DoD) is attempting to cut travel costs through a new system, the Defense Travel System (DTS). The system is currently well behind schedule and lacking in promised functionality. DTS has not implemented essential project management practices. It was developed without the requirements, cost, performance and schedule documents, and analyses needed to assess system effectiveness and ROI. The DTS project has failed to keep pace with current technology, which is evidence of failure to implement effective software processes. DoD is piloting five-year-old technology and paying to modify it. There are features in the original solicitation that are no longer required by DoD personnel, although they are still paying for the features. Full deployment of the DTS is not expected until FY 2006. This paper reviews the process that DTS has followed for development, the missed timelines, the problems that DTS encountered, and how the problems could have been avoided
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