Procedimentos de Relações Públicas das Grandes Empresas da Grande São Paulo: um estudo exploratório

A pesquisa aqui apresentada teve como tema as práticas comunicacionais das empresas, sob o ponto de vista das relações públicas. Os objetivos específicos foram: (1) conhecer o perfil do profissional responsável pela comunicação; (2) conhecer a estrutura dos departamentos de comunicação das organizações pesquisadas e (3) avaliar os procedimentos comunicacionais destas organizações. Tendo em vista a falta de estudos mais estruturados sobre o assunto no Brasil e o conhecimento empírico de que as empresas adotam uma diversidade de práticas comunicacionais, nem sempre administradas estrategicamente, utilizamos a técnica de entrevista focalizada, o que nos permitiu melhor explorar as informações no momento de sua coleta. A população de estudo foram os departamentos de comunicação de grandes organizações da Grande São Paulo. Os resultados apontam um desenvolvimento da percepção sobre a importância de uma comunicação planejada e estruturada nas organizaçõe

Uterine Torsion with a 1080° Rotation in a Queen with Closed-cervix Pyometra

Background: Uterine torsion is a rotation of one or both uterine horns around its longitudinal axis, associated to vascular compromise that may lead to necrosis and both metabolic and hematological disorders, rarely reported in cats. The etiology has not been established and it has most frequently been associated to pregnancy, although its occurrence in non-pregnant animals in association with uterine diseases (e.g. pyometra, mucometra and hematometra) has been reported. The aim of this work is to report a case of 1080° uterine horn torsion in a cat with closed-cervix pyometra.Case: A five-year-old, weighing 4.2 kg, female queen was referred to the Ambulatório de Pequenos Animais do Departamento de Reprodução Animal e Radiologia Veterinária in the Veterinary Hospital of Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, Botucatu, SP with a three-day history of an evident abdominal distension, anorexia, polydipsia and lethargy. The owner reported that the queen had delivered a litter of kittens three years ago and, since then, medroxyprogesterone acetate has been administrated in order to inhibit the oestrus cycles. Physical examination revealed pale mucous membranes, dehydration, cachexy, abdominal distension with no vaginal discharge and a large uterus with irregularities, detected by abdominal palpation. Hematological examination revealed anemia, thrombocytopenia, leukocytosis, hyperglycemia and metabolic acidosis. Ultrasonographic examination revealed hypoechogenic fluid uterine content, suggesting closed-cervix pyometra associated to clinical signs of sepsis. An exploratory laparotomy was performed; the uterus was externalized and revealed a 1080° torsion of the congested and distended left uterine horn with vascular compromise and some foci of necrosis; the right uterine horn had a normal appearance but was also distended. Ovariohysterectomy was performed and the diagnosis of pyometra was confirmed by the evaluation of uterine content. Pre- and postoperative medical supportive therapy were performed and the queen recovered successfully.Discussion: The administration of medroxyprogesterone acetate predisposed the queen to cystic endometrial hyperplasia/ pyometra complex and the absence of vaginal discharge characterized a closed-cervix pyometra, the more severe form of the disease, thus leading to severe sepsis. In this case, abdominal palpation should be careful because of the uterine wall fragility, which could lead to uterine rupture and peritonitis; therefore ultrasonography is the technique of choice to confirm this pathology, although the uterine torsion cannot be diagnosed with this exam. This disease can only be confirmed by exploratory laparotomy. The etiology has not been established, but this case can be associated with stretching of both the ovarian pedicle and broad ligament by a previous pregnancy and by the uterine distension provided by pyometra. The degree of uterine torsion identified in this case is an uncommon finding. It may potentially cause severe complications in the queen, including peritonitis, septicemia, endotoxemia and disseminated intravascular coagulation and may lead to death if the cat does not have a prompt surgical intervention with an effective pre- and postoperative medical supportive therapy. Therefore the establishment of a prognosis of uterine torsion cases in the queen is correlated with these aspects.Keywords: feline, uterine torsion, contraceptive, endometrial cystic hyperplasia

Concentrations of Acute-Phase Proteins in Milk from Cows with Clinical Mastitis Caused by Different Pathogens

Among the new diagnostic methods for mastitis detection under development, milk acute-phase proteins (APPs) are receiving special attention. The study aimed to compare the profile of milk APPs from cows with natural clinical mastitis caused by distinct pathogens. The concentrations of haptoglobin (Hp), serum amyloid A (SAA), alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP), and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured by Spatial Proximity Analyte Reagent Capture Luminescence (SPARCL). Each APP was compared across the pathogens causing mastitis. The APPs differed statistically (p < 0.05) among the pathogens causing udder infection. There were significant and positive correlations among the concentration profile, for each pathogen, in three of four APPs studied. It can be concluded that the pathogen causing mastitis could modify the profile of release of the APPs in milk. The profile of Hp, AGP, and CRP demonstrated significant correlation, indicating that the three APPs are suggested as biomarkers, in milk, for bovine mastitis

Efeito da adição de vesículas extracelulares intrafoliculares de vacas holandesas submetidas ao estresse térmico em meio de maturação oocitária in vitro

Vários são os componentes que tem a capacidade de interferir no metabolismo e desenvolvimento do oócito no interior do folículos, dentre esses fatores estão As EVs. Sendo assim o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a modulação da maturação oocitária in vitro pelas EVs extraídos de vacas submetidas ao estresse térmico (ET) ou não. Para tanto 12 vacas da raça holandesa foram submetidas ao ET e 12 vacas foram mantidas em condições de termo-neutralidade, em seguida tiveram seus folículos aspirados em dois momentos do ciclo estral (pré-ovulação e desvio). Após a separação das EVs do fluido folicular, e visualizados pela microscopia eletrônica. Então As EVs foram colocados em meio de maturação para avaliação da ação destas vesículas durante a maturação oocitária. Após 22 horas de maturação, os oócitos e as células do cummulus foram recuperados para posterior análise de progressão da maturação e também para expressão de genes de interesse. Não foi observada diferença estatística entre os grupos na análise de progressão meiótica nem na integridade do DNA. Indicando que As EVs não interferiram na morfologia oocitária. A expressão gênica no entanto demonstrou que genes relacionados a expansão do cummulus (BMP15, HAS2, GDF9, PTX3), metabolismo energético (BMP15,CPT1B, PFKP), IGF (IGFBP2 e 4) e apoptose (BCL2 e STAT3), apresentaram expressão diminuída no grupo termo-neutro. Os dados do nosso estudo indicam que o ambiente termo-neutro levou a uma sinalização intrafolicular das EVs com a finalidade de indicar uma situação favorável para o oócito.There are several components that have the ability to interfere with the metabolism and development of the oocyte in side of follicles, among these factors are the EVs. Thus the aim of this study was to evaluate the modulation of oocyte maturation in vitro by EVs extracted from cows under heat stress or not. For that, 12 Holstein cows were subjected to heat stress and 12 cows were kept in a thermo-neutral conditions, then had their follicles aspirated in two stages of the estrous cycle (pre-ovulation and deviation). After separation of the EVs from follicular fluid, and visualized by electron microscopy. The EVs were placed in maturation medium for evaluation of the action of these vesicles during oocyte maturation. After 22 hours of maturation, oocytes and cummulus cells were recovered for further analysis of meiotic progression and for expression of genes of interest. There was no statistical difference between the groups in meiotic progression analysis or the DNA integrity. Indicating that the EVs not interfere in oocyte morphology. Gene expression however demonstrated that genes related to the expansion of the cumulus (BMP15, HAS2, GDF9, PTX3), energy metabolism (BMP15, CPT1B, PFKP), IGF (IGFBP2 and 4) and apoptosis (BCL2 and STAT3) showed decreased expression the thermo-neutral group. The data from our study indicate that the thermo-neutral environment led to a intrafollicular signaling EVs in order to indicate a favorable situation for the oocyte.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES