Social media and nurse education: an integrative reviewof the literature

Introduction. The exponential advance of social media has touched all areas of society, no exception for the professional and personal lives of healthcare people. The issue to be considered is not whether or not social media are being used, but how they are used. The line between proper and improper use, and even abuse, of social media is a subtle one. Thus, the key issue is to be aware of the tool that is being used and this should be supported with suitable training for healthcare professionals and, at an even earlier stage, for students at healthcare training institutions during their studies. Objective. To describe, through an integrative review of the literature, the use of social media by teachers and students during teaching activity and practical training courses. Materials and methods. An integrative review of the literature was conducted in October 2014. The literature search was performed by consulting the main biomedical databases: PubMed, CINAHL and Embase. Results. The literature search brought up a total of 854 citations. 804 abstracts were excluded as they were not relevant. Of the remaining 50, 31 were excluded for not meeting the general criteria and, hence, only 19 articles were included. Two aspects emerged from the works selected: the use and potential of social media in nursing education and the ethical and professional implications of their use. Conclusions. The analysis of the literature reveals two areas for further investigation: evaluating the level of moral awareness in nursing education with regards to the use of Web 2.0 communication tools and implementing teaching methods to promote the construction and development of moral reasoning in professionals

Communication with the public in the health-care system: a descriptive study of the use of social media in Local Health Authorities and public hospitals in Italy

Introduction. In 2010 the Italian Ministry of Health set out recommendations for the use of social technology and Web 2.0, inviting organisations within the Italian national health service (Servizio Sanitario Nazionale, SSN) to equip themselves with instruments. Objectives. 1. to ascertain how many local health authorities (Aziende Sanitarie Locali, ASL) and public hospitals have a presence on the most widely used social media websites in Italy: Facebook, Twitter and YouTube; 2. to find out how well the Facebook, Twitter and YouTube pages of ASLs and public hospitals are known among the general population; 3. to find out how ASLs and public hospitals engage with the general public on social media sites. Materials and methods. The websites of all ASLs and public hospitals across the country were visited to look for the icons of the social media sites under examination. The data considered were publicly available upon access. Results. A total of 245 websites were analysed. 7.34% ASLs and hospitals had social media accounts. 8 organisations had an account on all three of the social media sites considered in the study. Conclusions. The results show a low presence of ASLs and hospitals on social media. Other studies are needed in this field

Barriers and facilitators to the implementation of nurse’s role in primary care settings: an integrative review

Background: The rapid evolution of the epidemiological picture and the recent SARS-COV-2 pandemic has expressed the vulnerabilities of health systems and focuses attention on the population’s needs. The nurse’s figure in the care teams is universally identified; however, the implementation of the role within some care settings turns out to be complex and challenging. This integrative review aims to identify the barriers and facilitators in implementing the role of the nurse in primary care settings. Methods: An integrative review was conducted on the Medline and Cinahl databases until 9 June 2020. Qualitative, quantitative, and Mixed-method research studies were selected to identify studies related to the barriers and facilitators of the nurse’s role in nursing facilities’ primary care. For the extraction of the results, the Consolidating Framework for Research Implementation (CFIR) was used to identify the factors that influence implementation in health care. Results: Following the duplicates’ removal, the search identified 18,257 articles, of which 56 were relevant to the inclusion criteria; therefore, they were included in the summary. The selected studies were conducted in thirteen countries, most from Oceania, Europe, North America, Latin America, and the Caribbean. The barriers reported most frequently concern the nursing profession’s regulatory and regulatory aspects within the contexts of care, cultural and organizational aspects, training, and the transfer of specific skills, which were previously designated to doctors. The facilitators are mainly linked to the nurse’s adaptability to the various contexts of care, recognizing the patient’s role, and the desire to develop multidisciplinary and effective working groups to respond to the health needs of the population in primary care contexts. Conclusion: This review highlighted the main barriers and facilitators in implementing the nurse’s role in primary care settings. These results offer useful elements for stakeholders to identify effective strategies in preparing programs and activities for implementing the nurse’s role, acting on the elements identified as barriers and favouring the aspects that emerge as facilitators

The effect of local thermal fluctuations on the folding kinetics: a study from the perspective of the nonextensive statistical mechanics

Protein folding is a universal process, very fast and accurate, which works consistently (as it should be) in a wide range of physiological conditions. The present work is based on three premises, namely: ($i$) folding reaction is a process with two consecutive and independent stages, namely the search mechanism and the overall productive stabilization; ($ii$) the folding kinetics results from a mechanism as fast as can be; and ($iii$) at nanoscale dimensions, local thermal fluctuations may have important role on the folding kinetics. Here the first stage of folding process (search mechanism) is focused exclusively. The effects and consequences of local thermal fluctuations on the configurational kinetics, treated here in the context of non extensive statistical mechanics, is analyzed in detail through the dependence of the characteristic time of folding ($\tau$) on the temperature $T$ and on the nonextensive parameter $q$.The model used consists of effective residues forming a chain of 27 beads, which occupy different sites of a $3-$D infinite lattice, representing a single protein chain in solution. The configurational evolution, treated by Monte Carlo simulation, is driven mainly by the change in free energy of transfer between consecutive configurations. ...Comment: 19 pages, 3 figures, 1 tabl

Desenvolvimento inicial do milho e atributos químicos do solo em função de diferentes doses de silicato de cálcio

Calcium silicate applied to the soil has an effect on plant nutrition since it is a source of silicon, calcium and magnesium. With the aim to evaluate the effect of doses of calcium silicate on soil chemical properties and on early development of corn, an experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, in pots containing eutroferric Oxisol, testing five rates of calcium silicate (0, 1.2; 2.4; 4.8 and 9.6 t ha-1) with four replications in a randomized complete block design. The levels of N, P, K, Ca and Mg in the plant shoot were evaluated, and, at the end of the experiment, shoot dry weight and plant height as well as Ca and Mg, and soil pH were also estimated. Shoot dry matter and plant height were not affected by fertilization with calcium silicate. The application of calcium silicate provided soil amendment, increasing the availability of calcium and magnesium, in addition to increasing the levels of N, K, Ca and Mg in the shoots of corn.O silicato de cálcio, quando aplicado ao solo, tem efeito sobre a nutrição das plantas, uma vez que é fonte de silício, cálcio e magnésio. Com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito de doses de silicato de cálcio sobre atributos químicos do solo e o desenvolvimento inicial da cultura do milho, realizou-se um experimento em casa de vegetação, em vasos com Latossolo Vermelho eutroférrico – LVef, para testar cinco doses de silicato de cálcio (0; 1,2; 2,4; 4,8 e 9,6 t ha-1) com quatro repetições em, delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados. Foram avaliados os teores N, P, K, Ca e Mg da parte aérea, e, ao final do experimento, a massa da matéria seca da parte aérea e altura de plantas, bem como os teores de Ca e Mg e pH do solo. A matéria seca da parte aérea e altura de plantas não foram influenciadas pela adubação com silicato de cálcio. A aplicação de silicato de cálcio promoveu uma ação corretiva no solo, com aumento da disponibilidade de cálcio e magnésio, além de promover incremento dos teores de N, K, Ca e Mg na parte aérea da cultura do milho

Effect of Gypsum on the Early Hydration of Cubic and Na-Doped Orthorhombic Tricalcium Aluminate

The tricalcium aluminate (C3A) and sulfate content in cement influence the hydration chemistry, setting time and rheology of cement paste, mortar and concrete. Here, in situ experiments are performed to better understand the effect of gypsum on the early hydration of cubic (cub-)C3A and Na-doped orthorhombic (orth-)C3A. The isothermal calorimetry data show that the solid-phase assemblage produced by the hydration of C3A is greatly modified as a function of its crystal structure type and gypsum content, the latter of which induces non-linear changes in the heat release rate. These data are consistent with the in situ X-ray diffraction results, which show that a higher gypsum content accelerates the consumption of orth-C3A and the subsequent precipitation of ettringite, which is contrary to the cub-C3A system where gypsum retarded the hydration rate. These in situ results provide new insight into the relationship between the chemistry and early-age properties of cub- and orth-C3A hydration and corroborate the reported ex situ findings of these systems

CircRNAs are here to stay: A perspective on the MLL recombinome

Chromosomal translocations harbored by cancer genomes are important oncogenic drivers. In MLL rearranged acute leukemia (MLLre) MLL/KMT2A fuses with over 90 partner genes. Mechanistic studies provided clues of MLL fusion protein leukemogenic potential, but models failed to fully recapitulate the disease. Recently, expression of oncogenic fusion circular RNAs (f-circ) by MLL-AF9 fusion was proven. This discovery, together with emerging data on the importance and diversity of circRNAs formed the incentive to study the circRNAs of the MLL recombinome. Through interactions with other RNAs, such as microRNAs, and with proteins, circRNAs regulate cellular processes also related to cancer development. CircRNAs can translate into functional peptides too. MLL and most of the 90 MLL translocation partners do express circRNAs and exploration of our RNA-seq dataset of sorted blood cell populations provided new data on alternative circular isoform generation and expression variability of circRNAs of the MLL recombinome. Further, we provided evidence that rearrangements of MLL and three of the main translocation partner genes can impact circRNA expression, supported also by preliminary observations in leukemic cells. The emerging picture underpins the view that circRNAs are worthwhile to be considered when studying MLLre leukemias and provides a new perspective on the impact of chromosomal translocations in cancer cells at large

New native host plant records for frugivorous flies (Diptera: Tephritidae, Lonchaeidae) in Northeastern Brazil

The fruit flies Anastrepha fraterculus (Wiedemann, 1830), Anastrepha sororcula Zucchi, 1979, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann, 1824) (Diptera: Tephritidae) and Neosilba pendula (Bezzi, 1989) (Diptera: Lonchaeidae) are recorded for the first time emerging from Campomanesia dichotoma (O.Berg) Mattos and Campomanesia ilhoensis Mattos (Myrtaceae), two native species occurring in fragments of Atlantic Forest over dunes, in the northernmost limit of this biome in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. The flies emerged from fruit samples obtained at the conservation area at Parque Estadual Dunas do Natal. The parasitoids that emerged from the puparia were also recorded, with Aganaspis pelleranoi (Brèthes) being recorded for the first time for the state. These records are of importance for monitoring and further understanding of the cycles on alternative hosts especially where these species are considered agricultural pests.

Bioavailability of phosphorus on highly weathered Oxisoils of the Brazilian Mid-West.

Soils from mid-west Brazil show strong phosphorus (P) fixation, which can reduce the efficiency of P fertilizers. Under this condition, soil competes with the plant for the applied P adsorbing it strongly in its mineral fraction. Nevertheless, in areas where crops are grown and fertilizers are added for many years, soil fertility status has increased over time, making these soils nonresponsive to P. The objective of this study was to evaluate how P availability changes with soil use. Forty soil samples were collected under different types of land use: native forest, pasture, no-tillage, and areas with periodic tillage. P fractionation was performed to determine the amount of P in the organic and inorganic fractions with high, medium, and low lability under each land use. Corn was cultivated in a greenhouse experiment to evaluate P uptake and values correlated with different P fractions. The results showed differences in the P fraction relations among different land uses. Cultivated areas (no tillage and periodic tillage) accumulated greater amounts of P in all fractions than pastures and the native forest. A higher proportion of labile organic P was observed under no tillage than under periodic tillage. NaHCO3 and NaOH 0.1 mol L-1were the most relevant P fractions for shoot P uptake. No tillage promoted the accumulation of available P fractions, suggesting that it is a good management strategy to ensure fertilizer use efficienc

The family and community nurses cultural model in the times of the COVID outbreak: A focused ethnographic study

This is the final version. Available from MDPI via the DOI in this record. Data Availability Statement: The data are not publicly available due to restrictions (e.g., privacy and limitations in consent about sharing data with others).The ageing population, increasingly frail and chronically ill, and COVID-19 pandemic challenges have highlighted national health systems’ vulnerability and, more strongly/to a greater extent, the pivotal role of the family and community nurse (FCN). However, the recent introduction of FCNs in primary care settings has yet to be explored in Italy. This study aimed to identify the FCNs’ cultural model and its implementation during the COVID-19 outbreak. A focused ethnographic study was performed in a primary care community service in northern Italy. Participants were FCNs (N = 5), patients and caregivers (N = 12). Qualitative data were collected through semi-structured interviews, field notes, observation of FCNs’ activities and access to documents. Qualitative analysis identified themes concerned with crucial aspects of FCNs’ activities, role implementation, and their relationship with patients and families. This study illuminated how the FCN strategically takes care of and identifies patients’ and community needs. Although the COVID-19 outbreak hindered effective FCN project implementation, this study highlighted that the pandemic provided a chance to better identify cultural, organisational and educational weaknesses that need to be addressed to support the full accomplishment of FCNs’ scope of practice