Seismic imaging of Late Miocene (Messinian) evaporites from Western Mediterranean back-arc basins

An analysis of multichannel seismic reflection data was conducted focusing on the comparison between the Messinian Salinity Crisis (MSC) and Plio-Quaternary (PQ) evolution of the eastern Sardo-Proven\ue7al and northern Algero- Balearic basins and related margins in the West Mediterranean Sea. Both basins were completely opened during the MSC and their well-defined seismic stratigraphy is very similar in the deep parts. The primary difference between these two basins is due to their different pre-MSC extensional history, including the opening age and the stretching factors. These factors influenced the occurrence of post-MSC salt tectonics on these margins

From shallow to very shallow image of the highly active Kefalonia - Zakynthos fault system

4 pages, 2 figuresIn May 2022 and June 2023 two oceanographic cruises were carried out around the Ionian Islands with the aim of defining the real geometry of the strike-slip fault system of Kefalonia and of the reverse faults present south of Zakynthos. The acquired multidisciplinary and multiresolution data will also allow to understand the dynamics of the area offshore the Peoloponnese peninsula, the deformation of the surface sediments at the transition of the two systems, i.e. from reverse fault system to strike-slip fault system, and the relationship between the recorded seismicity and mapped fault activity. To date, the analysis of the processed data has allowed us to define the tectonic and morphological complexity of the fault system affecting the investigated area. [...]Thanks to the CNR for supporting the cruise with time ship, IONIANS 2022 project. Interpretation of seismic profile has been done using the Kindgom IHS Markit. Poseidon project has been supported by Eurofleet+ SEA02_13_POSEIDONPeer reviewe

3D velocity depth model in the Gulf of Trieste by means of tomographic analysis from multichannel seismic reflection data

The Gulf of Trieste (GT) is a shallow epicontinental basin that is part of the northern Adriatic Sea (Central Mediterranean). It is settled at the proximal southern edge of an active plate boundary, where the convergence between the Adriatic block and the Eurasian plate gave rise to two Meso-Cenozoic Alpine-Himalayan orogens: the Dinarides (NW-SE trending) and the Eastern Alps (E-W oriented). The Gulf of Trieste is the foredeep of the northern External Dinarides and the eastern Alps. Its evolution started from a Mesozoic rifting that generated NE-SW normal faults allowing the aggradation of the Mesozoic-Paleogene Friuli-Dinaric Carbonate Platform. From the Upper Cretaceous to the Oligocene, the Dinaric compression generated NW-SE oriented thrust faults, whose most external elements are located in the GT. Since the Oligocene, the Alpine compression, related to the ongoing N-ward motion of the Adriatic plate, reactivated the tectonic structures with a transpressive kinematics. The GT represents the foot-wall of the Dinaric Karst Thrust, extending along the coast of the Karst Plateau and displacing the carbonates with an important vertical throw. The carbonates lying in the gulf are tilted E and N-wards, due to the weight of the neighbouring chains. They are covered by Eocene turbiditic Flysch, whose top is depicted by an unconformity related to the Messinian erosional phase, that in the eastern part of the gulf was active also during the Pliocene, as proved by the thin package of Quaternary marine and continental deposits covering the surface. While the geological structure of the onshore areas bounding the gulf have been studied since the 19th Century, the geological characteristics of the offshore remained widely undiscovered until recent time. During the last decade, the National Institute of Oceanography and Experimental Geophysics - OGS, carried out three geophysical surveys in the Gulf of Trieste, collecting 630 km of Multichannel Seismic (MCS) reflection profiles. These data are acquired in the time domain and provide geological information about the investigated subsurface. A focused velocity analysis, encompassing tomographic inversion and depth seismic imaging, is crucial for the reconstruction of detailed and reliable geometries in the depth domain. In the present work, two main reflectors are considered: the top surface of the flysch and that of the carbonates. Their reflected and refracted events are picked on the prestack seismic data and used as input for the traveltime tomographic inversion. The adopted software detects the three-dimensional seismic velocity field and surface geometries, through an iterative algorithm that minimizes the differences between the modelled and measured traveltimes. The code inverts in sequence the velocity field and updates the reflector structure, until the variations with respect to the previous step become sufficiently small. The obtained model is then improved using an iterative imaging technique involving pre-stack depth migration, residual move-out analysis and grid tomography. The comparison between the results of reflection tomography and refraction analysis allows to gain information on the flysch anisotropy, which can be related to its petrophysical parameters. The results provide an adequate 3D elastic velocity model in depth of the flysch and carbonates units and of their top surfaces. The top of carbonate platform lies at a maximum depth of around 1.6 km below the seabed, at about 2 km offshore the city of Trieste. This result provide that the vertical displacement of the Karst Thrust is about 1600-1800 m. The obtained information constitutes a valuable basis for the reliable construction of a 3D geological and structural depth model of the GT. This would, in turn, permit the correlation with the onshore setting and enhance the understanding of the neotectonic evolution of the area

The City Hall of Mirandola Hardly Hit by the Earthquake of 2012: Damage Assessment and Approaches for the Seismic Improvement

The City Hall of Mirandola was stricken and damaged by Emilia-Romagna earthquake sequence of May 2012. The research suggests solutions for the rehabilitation of a masonry historic building that presents a serious damage pattern. The solutions includes the base isolation of the global structure. Through the historical analysis, the damage survey and the mechanisms analysis were defined the macro-structure of the palace. Subsequently, was generated different configurations based on the aggregation or separation of the five macro-structure identified. The separation of these proposed projects is done through the use of seismic isolators and dampers. It was carried out a simplified finite element model and the linear elastic dynamic modal analysis was performed to evaluate the main modes of vibration of each configuration, which correspond to the higher values of percentage of participating mass. Finally a response spectrum analysis was performed with the use of data of the earthquake of 29 May 2012. It going to evaluate the seismic behavior of all the configurations

Geophysical and Geological Views of Potential Water Resources in the North-Eastern Adriatic Sea

The increasing demand for freshwater requires the identification of additional and less-conventional water resources. Amongst these, offshore freshwater systems have been investigated in different parts of the world to provide new opportunities to face increasing water requests. Here we focus on the north-eastern Adriatic Sea, where offshore aquifers could be present as a continuation of onshore ones. Geophysical data, in particular offshore seismic data, and onshore and offshore well data, are interpreted and integrated to characterise the hydrogeological setting via the interpretation of seismo-stratigraphic sequences. We focus our attention on two areas located in the proximity of the Tagliamento and Isonzo deltas. Well and seismic data indicate that the Quaternary sediments, that extend from onshore to offshore areas, are the most promising from an offshore freshwater resources point of view, while the several kilometres thick pre-Quaternary carbonate and terrigenous sequences likely host mainly salty waters

Artisanal Italian salami and soppresse : identification of control strategies to manage microbiological hazards

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Applying the Participatory Slow Design Approach to a mHealth Application for Family Caregivers in Pediatric Ear, Nose, and Throat Surgery

Pediatric ear, nose, and throat (ENT) surgery is very common, and its outcomes may improve with family education. In this regard, mobile health (mHealth) applications (apps), which are on the rise due to digital transformation, can be beneficial in healthcare. This study outlines the user-centered design and development of a mHealth app (version 5.15.0) to support family caregivers during the perioperative process of pediatric ENT surgery. Conducted over two years in an Italian maternal and child health hospital (January 2020–May 2022), the study employed a participatory design method based on the Information System Research (ISR) framework and guided by the principles of Slow Medicine. Utilizing the Relevance, Rigor, and Design cycles of the ISR framework, the mHealth app’s content, functionalities, and technical features were defined and developed. A committee of fifteen experts guided the process with input from 25 family caregivers and 24 healthcare providers enrolled in the study. The mHealth app content was structured around five crucial educational moments characterizing the ENT perioperative period, providing evidence-based information on surgical procedures, strategies for preparing children for hospitalization and surgery, pain management, and post-discharge care. The mHealth app featured a function that sends customized notifications to guide caregivers at specific perioperative stages. The development of mHealth apps by implementing a rigorous, participatory, and Slow design process can foster accessible and family-centered information and care in the field of maternal and child health and beyond