Mitigate Replication and Copying in Diffusion Models with Generalized Caption and Dual Fusion Enhancement

While diffusion models demonstrate a remarkable capability for generating high-quality images, their tendency to `replicate' training data raises privacy concerns. Although recent research suggests that this replication may stem from the insufficient generalization of training data captions and duplication of training images, effective mitigation strategies remain elusive. To address this gap, our paper first introduces a generality score that measures the caption generality and employ large language model (LLM) to generalize training captions. Subsequently, we leverage generalized captions and propose a novel dual fusion enhancement approach to mitigate the replication of diffusion models. Our empirical results demonstrate that our proposed methods can significantly reduce replication by 43.5% compared to the original diffusion model while maintaining the diversity and quality of generations

An exploration of the lived experiences of people who self-harmin two secure/locked mental health hospitals in Ghana

BackgroundAn increasing number of people who Self-Harm (SH) are being treated in mental health hospitals globally and it is now considered a major health problem. Incidence of SH are common in secure hospitals with those who use SH being highly dependent on staff for care and support, impacting on often limited resources Whilst literature related to the lived experiences of people who SH and those caring for them in secure settings exists, this is in its infancy in African countries. The aim of this study was ‘to explore the lived experience and perceptions of people who Self-harm (SH) in two secure/locked mental health hospitals in Ghana. MethodInterpretive Phenomenological Analysis informed a detailed exploration of experiences of people who self-harm in two separate secure mental hospitals in Ghana. A convenience sample of nine participants (two males and three females from one hospital and one male and three females from the other hospital) were recruited to the study. Face to face in-depth semi structured interviews were carried out with individual participants in in-patient settings. With the permission of each participant all interviews were audio recorded and each lasted approximately 60 – 90 minutes. Each interview was transcribed by the researcher and then analysed to identify subordinate and super-ordinate themes.FindingsFour superordinate themes emerged from participants stories: Being let down; Living with the negative self; Forces of the supernatural and religion; and Living with the positive self. One of the interesting findings of this study is participants’ descriptions of their subjective assessment of spirituality, namely ’ghost of mental illness’, and how they attribute it to their self-harm and its possible treatment. This finding illuminates participants’ life world in the Ghanaian context, highlighting the implications for orthodox medicine and traditional/multifaith healers.ConclusionThere is a need to develop collaborative health care package if appropriate care and support is to be offered to people in secure settings who use high-risk behaviours, such as self-harm. To ensure care is holistic, culturally and temporally relevant more research is needed, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa

Making Models Shallow Again: Jointly Learning to Reduce Non-Linearity and Depth for Latency-Efficient Private Inference

Large number of ReLU and MAC operations of Deep neural networks make them ill-suited for latency and compute-efficient private inference. In this paper, we present a model optimization method that allows a model to learn to be shallow. In particular, we leverage the ReLU sensitivity of a convolutional block to remove a ReLU layer and merge its succeeding and preceding convolution layers to a shallow block. Unlike existing ReLU reduction methods, our joint reduction method can yield models with improved reduction of both ReLUs and linear operations by up to 1.73x and 1.47x, respectively, evaluated with ResNet18 on CIFAR-100 without any significant accuracy-drop

Application of thermoluminescence for detection of cascade shower 1: Hardware and software of reader system

A reader system for the detection of cascade showers via luminescence induced by heating sensitive material (BaSO4:Eu) is developed. The reader system is composed of following six instruments: (1) heater, (2) light guide, (3) image intensifier, (4) CCD camera, (5) image processor, (6) microcomputer. The efficiency of these apparatuses and software application for image analysis is reported

Application of thermoluminescence for detection of cascade shower 2: Detection of cosmic ray cascade shower at Mount Fuji

The results of a thermoluminescence (TL) chamber exposed at Mt. Fuji during Aug. '83 - Aug. '84 are reported. The TL signal induced by cosmic ray shower is detected and compared with the spot darkness of X-ray film exposed at the same time

Treatment of Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats with Alogliptin: Effect on Vascular and Neural Complications

We sought to determine the effect of dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) inhibition on streptozotocin diabetes-induced vascular and neural dysfunction. After 4 weeks of untreated diabetes, rats were treated for 12 weeks with Alogliptin (DPP-IV inhibitor). Diabetes caused a slowing of motor and sensory nerve conduction velocity, thermal hypoalgesia, reduction in intraepidermal nerve fiber density in the hindpaw, and impairment in vascular relaxation to acetylcholine and calcitonin gene-related peptide in epineurial arterioles. Treatment significantly improved motor nerve conduction velocity and thermal response latency. Sensory nerve conduction velocity was marginally improved with treatment of diabetic rats, and treatment did not improve the decrease in intraepidermal nerve fiber density. Vascular relaxation by epineurial arterioles to calcitonin gene-related peptide but not acetylcholine was significantly improved with treatment. These studies suggest that some but not all vascular and neural complications associated with type 1 diabetes can be improved with the inhibition of DPP-IV activity

Observation of direct hadronic pairs in nucleus-nucleus collisions in JACEE emulsion chambers

In a number of high energy ( or = 1 TeV/amu) nucleus-nucleus collisions observed in Japanese-American Cooperative Emulsion Experiment (JACEE) emulsion chambers, nonrandom spatial association of produced charged particles, mostly hadronic pairs, are observed. Similar narrow pairs are observed in about 100 events at much low energy (20 to 60 GeV/amu). Analysis shows that 30 to 50% of Pair abundances are understood by the Hambury-Brown-Twiss effect, and the remainder seems to require other explanations

Heavy nucleus collisions between 20 and 60 GeV/nucleon

Interest in studying relativistic nucleus-nucleus interations arises from the fact that they offer an opportunity to probe nuclear matter at high density and temperature. It is expected that under such extreme conditions a transition from hadronic matter into quark-gluon plasma occurs and that in the interactions of highly relativistic nuclei such conditions are created. Cosmic rays remain a unique source of high energy heavy nuclei. The Japanese-American Cooperative Emulsion Experiment (JACEE-3) was designed to study the collisions of heavy cosmic ray nuclei with different nuclear targets at energies beyond 20 GeV/nucleon. JACEE-3 experiment was carried out using a combined electronic counters and an emulsion chamber detector, which was exposed to the cosmic rays on a balloon at an altitude of 5 g/sq cm