Mini service provider

Mini Service Provider is a system that will benefit a group of users with the intention to seek an easy method to share resources and services. With the advent of available networking and software development technologies, it is thus the main aim of this project to make this system a reality through proper planning and execution

IR-UWB Radar Sensor for Fine Human Motion Detection

Fine human motion detection in contact-less manner based on radar technology is increasingly appealing research efforts among researchers and one of the promising approach that have garnered research momentum in recent years is IR-UWB radar. IR-UWB radar is a kind of radar sensor that was developed from combining UWB and radar technology. Being a technology that offers unique capability of penetrability, high temporal resolution, low power consumption and emits non-ionizing electromagnetic waves, IR-UWB radar sensor is an encouraging fusion of radar and UWB technology that can be leveraged into many useful extensive number of application. In this paper, a preliminary study of detecting fine human motion using IR-UWB radar sensor is presented where a system model based on the IR-UWB radar sensor operation on fine human motion detection is described. For testing, this work employs a right hand and fingers. Based on the tests, the movement of right hand and fingers can be discriminated accurately at a distance of between 5cm to 10cm with minor occurrence of noises

A Weighted Least Squares Consideration for IR-UWB Radar based Device-Free Object Positioning Estimation for Indoor Environment

Impulse Radio Ultra-Wideband (IR-UWB) radar is a type of radar functioning based on UWB transmission technology that uses an exceedingly wide bandwidth low power impulse signal to continuously transmitting and receiving the impulse signal for object detection within a range. To date, most of the proposed Ultra-Wideband (UWB) transmission technology-based object positioning estimation systems for indoor environment depends on objects to be attached with an active UWB devices. In certain circumstances, it is ideal to track objects in passive manner without the requirement of any attached tracking devices or device-free object positioning estimation. IRUWB radar has shown promising utilization in realizing device-free object positioning estimation for indoor environment. With this motivation, in this paper a work on weighted least squares consideration for IR-UWB radar-based device-free object positioning estimation for indoor environment is presented

Singular value determination for IR-UWB radar sensor-based human motion detection

Human motion detection is a method of identification where various techniques and equipment are combined to distinguish human motion. Recently, recognition with IR-UWB radar sensor has become an exciting area of study. The output data in its original form, without any processing as produced by the IRUWB radar sensor, cannot have a singular value to be used to differentiate the fast and slow movement of a human hand. There is, therefore, a need for an output data processing algorithm that generates the required singular value. This paper proposes a method for evaluating the singular value based on the original output data produced by the sensor to accurately classify human motion in fast and slow movement of the human hand. The results of the proposed method are encouraging in which fast and slow hand movement can be distinguished accurately

Study of hand gesture recognition using impulse radio ultra wideband (IRUWB) radar sensor

Hand gesture recognition technology has gained significant attention in recent years due to its potential to revolutionize human-computer interaction by offering a natural and intuitive means of communication. This work addresses the limitations of existing systems and focuses on developing a novel hand gesture recognition system that leverages Impulse Radio Ultra-Wide Band (IR-UWB) radar sensors. The primary objective of this work is to create a comprehensive hand gesture recognition system capable of accurately recognizing a wide range of hand gestures while distinguishing between them based on gesture speed. To achieve this, this work defines three key objectives. First objective is to determine the optimal setup for IR-UWB radar sensor data acquisition, considering factors such as sensor placement and configuration. Second objective is to develop and assess hand gesture recognition models using seven different classifiers to achieve accurate and reliable recognition of hand gestures. Third objective is to analyse the performance of the developed classifiers in comparison to existing research in the field, with a focus on recognizing both hand gestures and their associated speeds. The work begins by providing insights into the state of the art in hand gesture recognition and IR-UWB radar sensor technology. Data collection experiments yield a diverse dataset of hand gestures, including variations in speed, essential for algorithm development. The developed algorithms interpret raw IR-UWB radar sensor data and associate it with specific hand gestures, addressing the core objective of gesture recognition. Speed recognition integration further enhances the system's ability to distinguish between gestures performed at different speeds. The resulting hand gesture recognition system is rigorously evaluated and compared to existing methods, demonstrating its effectiveness. Documentation of the development process ensures the methodology and findings are well-documented for reference and replication. While this research makes significant contributions to the field of hand gesture recognition, it also identifies several areas for future work. These include exploring recognition of gestures performed by two hands simultaneously, scalability to different environments, optimal sensor placement, and addressing user variability. Seven classification algorithms (K-Nearest Neighbour, Logistic Regression, Naive Bayes, Gradient Boosting, AdaBoost, Bagging, and Linear Discriminant Analysis) were meticulously explored for hand gesture recognition. The evaluation, based on macro F1 scores to balance precision and recall, aimed to assess their effectiveness. Linear Discriminant Analysis proved most accurate, especially in fast hand gestures, emphasizing its significance in real-time applications. In contrast, AdaBoost exhibited weaker performance, indicating areas for improvement. A slight accuracy decrease for "Up-Down" and "Down-Up" gestures compared to existing literature. However, it significantly outperforms certain literature by 16.28% for "Left-Right" gestures at slow speeds, showcasing improved recognition and robustness. Additionally, the research enhances system functionality, enabling intricate interactions. A developed application allows users to visualize executed hand gestures, paving the way for future integration of complex interaction sub-systems in various gesture recognition applications. In summary, this work advances the field of hand gesture recognition by introducing a novel IR-UWB radar-based system that accurately recognizes hand gestures and distinguishes their speeds, offering improved performance and usability for a wide range of applications

Hand Gesture Speed Recognition and Classification using IR-UWB Radar Sensor

Human-computer interaction (HCI) is a term that refers to a set of methods and techniques that enable humans to connect with machines and computers. Based on Hand Gesture Recognition (HGR), HCI enables a naturally occurring contactless interface, bringing humans closer to a more natural way of communication. Numerous studies have identified the potential of Impulse Radio-Ultra Wide Band (IR-UWB) radar sensor-based HGR as a future enabler for a diverse variety of applications. This work presents the development of a method to utilise an IR-UWB radar sensor to recognise and classify hand gesture speeds. The findings of the performance tests reveal a very high degree of confidence and accuracy in recognising and classifying hand gestures speeds

Assessment of X-band earth-satellite link rain attenuation prediction in Malaysia

Predicted rain fade values for an Earth-satellite link operating at X-band frequency had been generated using the latest ITU-R Recommendation, P618-11. Rain fade values for the very same link were also estimated using the "radar-derived attenuation" technique. The radar technique involves the exploitation of vertical polarization S-band meteorological radar reflectivity information to calculate the possible rain attenuation along the satellite propagation paths. All estimated rain fade values were then compared with the actual measured signal of RazakSAT’s X-band satellite transmission. The measured X-band (8 GHz) transmission signals were collected and analyzed at the Malaysian National Space Agency (NSA) space center. Objective: Preliminary findings concerning the feasibility of each estimation technique are presented in this paper. The research also attempts to investigate the validity of the mentioned rain attenuation estimation techniques. Results: Preliminary findings concerning the feasibility of each estimation technique are presented in this paper. The research also attempts to investigate the validity of the mentioned rain attenuation estimation techniques. Conclusion: Such knowledge can be considered critical for the design of reliable Earth-Space communication link and certainly can be used in the preliminary proposition plan for the link designers as well as engineers