Calvin Coolidge\u27s Afro-American Connection

In the wake of President Warren G. Harding\u27s death and the entry of Calvin Coolidge in the White House as chief executive in August, 1923, blacks, like the bulk of ordinary white Americans, were uncertain of what to expect. Nonetheless, those close to the prior presidential administration, whether black or white, had clear reason to believe that Coolidge was preeminently qualified to carry on in the fashion of his predecessor. They anticipated his continued implementation of Republican policies in accord with political promises which had led to the party\u27s overwhelming electoral victory in 1920. Indeed, Harding\u27s breaking of tradition to allow his Vice President Coolidge to sit with the presidential cabinet ensured that the new chief executive understood and was prepared administratively to deal with tariff issues, tax-reform legislation, measures for the reduction of the public debt, and the host of other political promises Republicans made in 1920. In 1924 Coolidge, however, had to win nomination and election to the office in his own right in order to continue the quest for legislation consonant with the Republican party political mandate received four years earlier

Oak Lake Wetland Restoration: Difference in Hydrology between Newly Restored and Reference Wetlands

https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/oak-lake_presentations/1001/thumbnail.jp

A report to The Ozarks Regional Commission

"Changes in demographic processes are occurring in the Ozarks Region. Some metropolitan areas are experiencing a decrease in growth and, in a few, population decline. In conjunction with this, the reversal of non-metropolitan population loss and out-migration is becoming visible in major portions of the region. The level of natural increase, births minus deaths, is dropping in response to lower birth rates in some areas and to a heavy concentration of older persons in others. In order to comprehend these changes in the Ozarks Region it must be understood that the region is made up of five diverse states. (For regional boundary definitions, see Figures 1 and 2.) Within each are a variety of physiographic sub-regions with their individual economic distinctions. In constructing any social profile of the states it would become quite obvious that an array of such profiles would be produced. So also is the case in describing demographic change in the region. While an overview of the region provides a total picture, it tends to obscure variations on a state or sub-regional basis. Thus, an overview for all five states is first provided, followed by a description for each state, which incorporates sub-regional information. In exploring these demographic components of change an examination is made of the emergence of new patterns and the continuation of old ones. In addition, an effort is made to point out some of the factors associated with these processes and to place these factors in a national perspective." --Introduction.Rex R. Campbell, George H. Dailey, Jr., Robert L. McNamara (Deportment of Rural Sociology University of Missouri-Columbia

Recurring Sacral Stress Fractures in the Male Distance Runner

Reccurring Sacral Stress Fractures in the Male Distance Runner Waugh TJ, Stoller GL, Brooks EK, Dailey SW: Miami University Oxford, Ohio Background: A twenty year old male collegiate distance runner (170 cm and 62 kg) complained of low back pain in March 2015. The patient reported right sided low back tightness that felt like a bad spasm traveling from the lower back down into the lower leg. History of this runner revealed a non-displaced stress fracture in the left sacral ala with a stress reaction on the right sacral ala in November 2013. In April 2014, the distance runner possessed yet another sacral stress fracture. In March 2015, an assessment was made that the patient presented an acute case of piriformis syndrome due to lack of athletic participation. As two weeks went by with no positive results through rehabilitation, worsening pain, and given the pre-existing conditions of the patient, the Team Physician ordered an MRI. Differential Diagnosis: It is possible that the runner could have had an acute disc herniation, muscle strain, degenerative disc disease, or spondylolisthesis. A vertebral compression fracture, sacroiliac joint dysfunction, lumbar facet arthropathy, and sciatica are all differential diagnoses that the clinicians in this case needed to be aware of. It is also important to assess the possibilities of a lumbosacral strain and a sacroiliac joint sprain. Treatment: The MRI report revealed a high grade stress reaction in the right sacral ala. A non-displaced stress fracture in the right superior portion of the left sacral ala was also discovered. The patient was told to rest without any exercise for four to six weeks. After the stress fracture was resolved, the athlete has been encouraged not to participate in any repeated load-bearing types of activities until the source of the problem has been identified. Uniqueness: There is an uncommon nature of sacral stress fractures in males. It is important to realize that individuals who are constantly participating in repeating load-bearing activities are more prone to sacral stress fractures. Sacral stress fractures normally present themselves in women who have the female athlete triad. Research has shown that the influence of energy balance and hormonal fluctuations are significant factors associated with injuries in amenorrheic female athletes. The testosterone levels in young men normally lead to healthy and strong bones. This case report is a prime example that has the potential to teach clinicians all over to always look at the big picture and keep in mind all of the possible differential diagnoses. Conclusions: Physician's have hypothesized that the calcium level in this patient is too high which is causing parathyroid levels to decrease, resulting in low bone density. Since calcium and the parathyroid hormone have an inverse relationship, moderation between the two is essential. However, if one is too high, the other is too low decreasing bone density. Another hypothesis is that low testosterone levels in the patient are causing low bone density. This rare case is far from over as there is numerous investigative work to still be done. Clinical Application: Correctly diagnosing a sacral stress fracture is very difficult due to the wide range of differential diagnoses that its symptoms can present. Clinicians should never rule out the possibility of a sacral stress fracture when clients present low back pain, diffuse buttocks pain, and a history of repetitive loading actively. Although the clinicians in this case did not originally think this injury was another sacral stress fracture, they never ruled out the possibility due to the patient's described pain and pre-existing conditions. The clinicians in this report considered all possible diagnoses before making an assessment. Further research still needs to be performed in order to provide the most effective treatment and outcomes for future patients. Word Count: 59

Effect of Temperature and Wind on Metabolism of Northern Bobwhite in Winter

Northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) are widely distributed across more than half of the United States, and extending into Canada and Mexico. Within this distribution they tolerate a wide range of climatic conditions and thermal stress. Annual variation in weather can produce dramatic short-term population fluctuations, particularly in the northern portion of the distribution. To better understand effects of thermal stress on energy requirements of bobwhite, we measured roosting metabolic response to cold stress and wind speed using open respirometry in a closed-circuit wind tunnel. Oxygen consumption was measured for 8 winter-acclimated captive bobwhites at each of 8 temperatures (-15°, -10°, -5°, 0°, 5°, 10°, 20°, and 30° C) at free convection and at 3 wind speeds (0, 1, and 2 m/sec) at -15° and 0° C. Over the range of body mass we measured (201.5 ± 1.3 g, n = 64), metabolic rate varied with body mass (P \u3c 0.001) but did not differ between sexes (P = 0.187). Mean standard metabolic rate (V02) was 3.4 ± 0.11 mL O2/minute/bird (0.0171 ± 0.0004 mL O2/ min/g) or 1.14 ± 0.04 W/bird. Below a lower critical temperature of 24.1° C, metabolic rate was linearly related to operative temperature (Te)(V02 = 7.187 - 0.1568[Te]; r2 = 0.86, P \u3c 0.001). Metabolic rate (M–E) was linearly related to wind speed (WS) at -15° C (V02 = 9.741 + 0.4609[WS]; r2 = 0.99, P = 0.001) and 0° C (V02 = 6.713 + 0.4609[WS]; r2 = 0.99, P = 0.001). We discuss implications of these energy expenditures in the context of current research and management

Relative Invertebrate Abundance and Biomass in Conservation Reserve Program Plantings in Northern Missouri

We measured relative invertebrate abundance, biomass, and diversity in Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) fields planted to red clover (Trifolium pratense)/timothy (Phleum pratense), timothy, orchard-grass (Dactylis glomerata), tall fescue (Festuca pratensis), warm-season grasses (big bluestem [Andropogon gerardi]/switch grass [Panicum virgatum]), orchard-grass/Korean lespedeza (Kummerowia stipu/,acea), and conventionally-tilled soybeans, to assess brood habitat quality for northern bobwhite (Colinus virginkinus). We sampled invertebrate populations by vacuuming along 3 15-m transects (4.56 m2/sample) within 4 fields of each planting type, at 2-week intervals from 1 July to 15 August 1990 and 1991. Invertebrate abundance and biomass were lowest in early August (P \u3c 0.05). The CRP fields planted to a red clover/timothy mixture, and dominated by red clover, had the highest levels of invertebrate abundance and biomass (P \u3c 0.05). Conventionally-tilled soybeans had lower invertebrate abundance and biomass than all CRP covertypes (P\u3c 0.05). Mean invertebrate abundance and biomass in CRP fields were 4 times that of soybean fields. In northern Missouri, CRP fields could provide quality brood habitat if structural characteristics are also consistent with brood foraging needs. Incorporation of a legume in CRP plantings may produce higher invertebrate densities and improve the value of these fields as brood habitat

Expanding Predictive Assessment of Northern Bobwhite Covey Calling Rates to Incorporate Regional Effects

Many surveys based on discrete vocalizations make the invalid assumption that individuals present in the survey area are always available for detection (e.g., calling) during the survey period. Northern bobwhites (Colinus virginianus) are known to exhibit variable calling rates, particularly during autumn covey surveys. Adjustment of density and abundance estimates to account for calling rate may increase reliability of population metrics, and may increase our ability to effectively assess conservation management. Two previous independent studies across 4 regions used logistic regression to evaluate effects of weather, time, and density covariates on calling rates of radio-marked autumn bobwhite coveys. Results from these studies varied and there is uncertainty regarding application without further investigation into regional differences in calling rates. We combined these data sets comprising known calling rates of 279 bobwhite coveys in 4 regions (Florida, Missouri, North Carolina, and Tennessee) from 1998 to 2000. Observed calling rates averaged 69% over all sites, and ranged from 56 to 80% in the Florida and Missouri regions, respectively. We used binomial logistic regression to evaluate effects of region, adjacent calling coveys, weekly period, change in barometric pressure, percent cloud cover, temperature, and wind speed on covey calling rates. The top ranking model suggested strong effects of region and number of adjacent coveys on calling probability (P , 0.0001) with 42% model weight relative to other candidate models. Two competing models suggested inclusion of the 6-hr change in barometric pressure (0100 – 0700 hrs) (18% model weight) or weekly period (17% model weight) might also be appropriate. Validation using the best approximating model (region þ adjacent coveys) suggested calling probability estimates were within 6% of the observed calling rate in one region. This suggests the predictive model may provide a valid estimator of calling rate when applied to covey survey data in the appropriate region. However, there is uncertainty regarding application of region-specific model coefficients to survey data outside of these regions. If effects of region are important predictors of calling rate, managers must be cognizant of these prior to adjusting parameter estimates. Further, there is a research need concerning utility and ubiquity of calling rate predictors, particularly for regions that lack known calling rate data

An Anti-American Ban On Critique: A Critical Policy Commentary

We are a group of educational leaders who are doctoral candidates and faculty members in the Educational Leadership for Social Justice EdD program at California State University, East Bay. Our work centers around 1) creating shared knowledge about inequities and how they are reproduced by institutional systems, such as education, and 2) finding ways to address these systemic issues to create a more equal, healthy society. This work is informed by multiple critical perspectives, such as critical pedagogy (Freire, 1970; hooks, 1994), critical race theory (Ladson-Billings & Tate, 1995), and Black feminisms (Collins, 2002; Crenshaw, 1989). These perspectives, while varying somewhat, offer a common thread guided by the understanding that the world operates via power relations that privilege some groups while subordinating others; but these relationships, and the oppressions that result, are masked by the dominant culture’s insistence on painting reality with a brush of neutrality and a failure to engage with our history in a way that helps us understand and act on its repercussions on humanity